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Multi-professional service teams might isolate from the organisation and inhibit knowledge sharing with others. Professional organisations are thus stimulating their teams to bond more closely with other units, hoping this would facilitate knowledge sharing. Yet, studies on social bonding suggest this could actually deter from knowledge sharing. Our study investigates this further asking: do employees display greater intention to share knowledge when their teams possess greater structural, relational and cognitive social capital? Our cross-level study, grounded on a sample of 226 employees (39 teams in four Hospice & Palliative Care Organisations), shows that individuals embedded in teams with greater social capital are indeed more motivated to share knowledge; and that each form of social bonding—increasing frequency of interactions, trust and mutual support, and similarity of goals/meanings—stimulates different mechanisms of knowledge sharing (attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extensive use of fossil fuels in recent decades is a well-known cause of the climate crisis. Climate action inevitably requires the strategic reorientation of industries that are part of the fossil fuel regime. International oil companies are central to this regime and possess the incumbent's characteristic power and influence to steer this process. However, European international oil companies continue to invest in fossil fuels, even as they acknowledge the climate crisis imperative. Socio-political and economic dynamics can either reinforce the oil regime or pressure firms to take climate action. We aim to comprehensively analyse the dynamics between external socio-political and economic actors' pressures to climate action on the one side, and the industry response on the other, from 2005 to 2019, using Geels Triple Embeddedness Framework. Drawing on a wide range of qualitative and quantitative longitudinal data (e.g. regulations, oil and renewables market trends, companies' investments in oil, renewables, and low-carbon technologies), we characterised the pressures and responses of the different analytical categories and established three phases. The results indicate that policy pressure on the oil regime in this period lacked constancy and comprehensiveness. The Kyoto Protocol ratification produced an initial momentum that prompted some companies to invest in alternative fuels and renewables, but efforts faded after 2010. Societal calls for a transition from fossil fuels and divestments from oil companies have risen since 2017. Recent socio-economic pressures combined with policy pledges for net-zero emissions have prompted all companies to invest beyond fossil fuels. However, efforts are still marginal and additional advancements in climate policy are necessary to foster the renewables market and to promote the phase-out of oil. Key policy insights Europe lacks a comprehensive policy framework to support the fast deployment of available alternative fuels. Policies need to foster the development and adoption of alternatives to petrochemical products, alongside their reduction and recycling. Apart from supporting renewable energy and other alternatives to oil, policies also need to target the phase-out of oil and send a clear signal to companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines drivers of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) measurement and investment in CSR. Specifically, the study examines the links between the underlying motives for measuring CSR performance, namely to comply with regulation, to provide management support, and improve stakeholders' satisfaction, and the impact thereof on CSR investments. The analysis of survey data of 307 companies based in Dubai identified five clusters of CSR measurements. The results show that while CSR measurement is a significant driver of CSR investments, there are varied associations between the three main drivers of CSR measurement and investment in CSR practices. Theoretical and practical implications of the study, are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Performance and risk management are seen by some as two ends of the same spectrum. Performance measurement and management is about steering an enterprise towards a profitable and viable future, whilst risk management is about avoiding the pitfalls that can overwhelm and ultimately put an enterprise out of business. But should the functions and processes of performance measurement and management be integrated with those of risk management? What are the consequences of this integration? How should this be done in practice? In this editorial we briefly chart the debate between those who propose it is important to keep the functions separate and those who advocate integration before presenting the empirical research that informs this conversation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper draws on resource orchestration theory to investigate whether and how performance management (PM) practices interact with human resource management (HRM) practices in organisations as well as how this interaction affects firm performance. The proposed theoretical model was tested through a survey of 192 UK firms using Partial Least Squares approach for structural equations modelling. The findings show that the effect of PM practices on firm performance is better explained when the interaction between these practices and other organisational practices is considered. In particular, we examine the extent to which the interaction between PM practices and commitment-based HRM practices affects performance. We find that when HRM practices and PM practices are misaligned, their effect on performance can be negative. This is the first paper in the PM literature that establishes the relationship between PM and HRM practices in organisations and demonstrates the effect of this relationship on firm performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims at investigating the potential of L (ALOS/PALSAR) and C (ENVISAT/ ASAR) band SAR images in forest biomass monitoring and setting up a retrieval algorithm, based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), for estimating the Woody Volume (WV, in m³/ha) from combined satellite acquisitions. The investigation was carried out on two test areas in central Italy, where ground WV measurements were available. An innovative retrieval algorithm based on ANN was developed for estimating WV from L and C bands SAR data. The novelty consists of an accurate training of the ANN with several thousands of data, which allowed the implementation of a very robust algorithm. The RMSE values found on San Rossore area were ≅40 m³/ha (L band data only), and 25-30 m³/ha (L with C band). On Molise, by using combined data at L and C bands, RMSE<30m³/ ha was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Healthcare organisations are facing the constant trade off to contain expenditures without sacrificing the quality of patient's care. This challenge to do 'more with less' induced healthcare executives to heavily invest in innovations activities in order to increase the efficiency of their organisations. By taking an individual-level perspective, our study focuses on knowledge-sharing behaviour among healthcare practitioners as a critical element to continuously improve the performance of healthcare organisations. Specifically we explore the effect of intellectual capital on practitioners' knowledge-sharing behaviour, and propose organisational knowledge-sharing climate as mediator. We conducted a survey on three healthcare organisations. Our results substantiate the positive link between intellectual capital and knowledge-sharing behaviour, and reveal that organisational knowledge-sharing climate fully mediates this relationship. These findings provide hospital managers with key implications for the management of intellectual capital as a lever to improve the sharing and the diffusion of knowledge among practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]