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Copyright of Kiva is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Postclassic period (ca. AD 1150-1450) in the Mimbres region is diverse and variable. Excavation data from Las Animas Village (LA3949) is used to explore this variability and better delineate the regional sequence. Las Animas Village is a large multicomponent site with Pithouse, Classic, and Postclassic occupations. Focus here is on the Postclassic component, a roughly oval adobe pueblo, two-story in parts, that surrounded a plaza. There was extensive evidence of remodeling; some lower story rooms were filled in and use of the second story continued, in one case the second story was remodeled into small storage units. Both ceramic and chronometric dates indicate that the adobe pueblo was used in the AD 1300s and probably after 1400; it has numerous late types though little Roosevelt Red Ware. Las Animas Village is one of the only eastern Mimbres sites known for this time period, and it may have been where remaining populations gathered in late prehispanic times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kiva is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyzes how the variables of partnership type and gestational status that differentiate among partnered women who achieve motherhood through their own (or a partner's) donor insemination are relevant to shaping that experience. The article demonstrates that the three groups of mothers defined by these two variables differ on a variety of attitudes concerning whom the child resembles, the influence of genes, the position of the sperm donor, and reflections on the experience of motherhood. The gestational mothers in heterosexual partnerships experience contradictions in denying the influence of the donor and expressing interest in him. They view the children as resembling themselves more than either the donor or their partners. The gestational mothers in lesbian partnerships both deny the influence of the donor and express disinterest in him. Like the gestational mothers in heterosexual partnerships, they also see the children as resembling themselves more than either the donor or their partners. The nongestational mothers in lesbian partnerships offer an alternative form of mothering within the family in the form of collaborative influence on the child. The data for this study come from an online survey of parents; the survey was distributed through a number of national organizations in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Comparative research on sperm donors and egg donors in the United States suggests that while men view themselves as fathers of their offspring, women do not view themselves as mothers. Comparative research suggests as well that men and women are equally interested in contact with offspring, equally curious about them, and equally likely to hold themselves responsible for those offspring. This paper re-examines these differences and similarities using data from a survey of donors who registered on a third-party website with hopes of having some contact with their genetic offspring. Our findings suggest that women and men offer similar reasons for donating and similar assessments of the experience. Yet, the two groups have developed quite different patterns of interest in their offspring. The men create a sense of “prideful lineage” rather than fatherhood. The women create a pattern of feeling that involves “concerned responsibility” rather than motherhood. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Kiva is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Time-space systematics for the end of the Classic Mimbres period and subsequent developments in southwest New Mexico are outlined, and the variable spatial scale of these processes is emphasized. The regional unity of the Late Pithouse and Classic periods began to break down around A.D. 1130, a time when disparate developments characterize different portions of the region. The Terminal Classic (ca. A.D. 1130 and later) represents the first steps toward significant and rapid changes and is seen primarily in the Mimbres Valley. The Postclassic Mimbres (ca. A.D. 1130-1200), in the eastern Mimbres area, represents settlement changes after the depopulation of large Classic Mimbres villages. The later, though not well dated, Black Mountain phase in the southern part of the region refers to new styles of pottery and architecture, with ties to the south, including Paquimé. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper draws on two projects by the author to draw some general conclusions about ongoing challenges in the understanding of poverty. In the first project, the author examined the survival strategies of married couple families in a rural county and concluded that access to good work enabled enrichment of those strategies. In the second project, located in the same rural county, the author concluded that single mothers were less able than the members of married couples to engage in enrichment activities and drew more heavily on others for survival. Drawing on these comparative data, the author then argues first, that research should focus more fully on the broad variety of ways in which the members of communities make ends meet in order to understand the relative poverty of those unable to engage in a varied survival strategy, and second, that research must also examine the consequences of social support for those who give as well as for those who receive it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper compares married-couple households and single-mother households in the same rural area of the United States with respect to both housework and other efforts household members make to provide through their own labor goods and services they would otherwise have to purchase in the market. I argue that single mothers are disadvantaged in ways not fully captured with reference to income levels alone (on which the concept of the feminization of poverty usually depends). I also seek to study the strategies single mothers employ to ensure the completion of necessary tasks of housework and childcare, as well as those of home repair and self-provisioning. Finally, I examine some of the costs of these various strategies in order to create a fuller understanding of the lives of single mothers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considers how applied social science has helped to create the social change known as welfare reform and actively participated in the positive evaluation of its effects. Interpretation of good parenting in its focus on outcome issues; Evaluation of welfare reform; Costs associated with employment.

A study on the social work advocacy role was conducted with front-line workers and directors in 19 hospitals in eastern Ontario. The objectives were to learn about the views and experiences of practitioners and to raise awareness of the relevance of the social work advocacy role in hospitals. Results provide information on the amount of time front-line workers spent on advocacy, the degree of satisfaction of workers and directors with the amount of advocacy done, the amount and nature of volunteer advocacy, factors which made advocacy difficult, factors which were supportive, and factors which would improve the advocacy role. Results are reviewed with reference to ongoing changes in the hospital and community sectors. Ways in which professional bodies could support the advocacy role of front-line workers in hospitals are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies of the land use patterns of prehistoric agriculturalists have traditionally assumed that cultivation implies sedentism. Recent research has challenged this as a necessary assumption, offering various views on the mobility patterns of prehistoric agriculturalists. This paper presents an evaluation of the occupational history of a Mimbres and Tularosa MogolIon site located in SW New Mexico, but outside core population areas. Although cultivation was the primary activity throughout the history of site occupation, discontinuity of site use and change in occupation patterns indicate considerable movement by these prehistoric cultivators. Abandonment of large sites in core population areas of the Mimbres branch occurred during the occupation of this small site. The change in its role in the settlement system may indicate regional reorganization of the Mimbres population or abandonment by that population, preceding reoccupation by a different group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the development of the Act for Better Child Care Services. The author argues that the modifications of this proposal through the legislative process, and the particular strategies that brought about these modifications, created a piece of legislation that has an uneven impact on women situated differently with respect to child care needs. In particular, the author focuses on who was to receive benefits under the legislation, the manner in which the distribution of benefits was implemented, and the implications of a reliance on standards for quality control in child care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines client responses to a discrepancy between the style of c h i l d b i i selected during the pre-natal period and actual experiences during hos- pitalization. Client perceptions of complicity in decisionmaking appear to be the critical variable in determining attitudes toward the planning of future births. The analogy of parent and child is used to illustrate that, in spite of increasing client activity, women in obstetric care still work within a relationship characterized by considerable physician control. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This exploratory study examined the family environment of ten families, each with a physically disabled adolescent and at least one non-disabled adolescent. Family members completed the Moos Family Environment Scale (FES) and discussed with the interviewer their experiences as a family. Blind and independent ratings on the FES by social workers involved in the study provided a comparison with the families' self ratings. Family ratings on the FES gave no indication of distress, but showed slightly higher than average emphasis on cohesion and achievement orientation. Social work ratings, in contrast, indicated elevated levels of conflict, achievement orientation, and control. In this report, no attempt is made to generalize these specific findings to all families with disabled adolescents. Rather, results are interpreted, in the light of findings in the recent literature, to underscore the need for better designed research and to alert professionals to the danger of imposing the prevalent dysfunctional view upon families with disabled children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]