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Anchoring porphyrin, ZnPAc, featuring cyanoacetic acid group has been synthesized for application in a dye-sensitized solar cell. Capping layer dyes zinc meso-tetraphenyl porphyrin (ZnTPP) with anchoring porphyrin ZnPAc through axial coordination bonds of Zn-to-ligand self-assembles solar cell devices. With the introduction of cyanoacetic acid anchor, the higher electrons are effectively injected into the TiO2 semiconductor surface. Thus, the ZnTPP-ZnPAc-based device has more short-circuit current (JSC) compared with our previously reported ZnTPP-ZnPA-based solar cell. The ZnPA and ZnPAc porphyrin anchoring dyes maintain a broad absorption spectrum and also improve electron injection and lower charge recombination compared to our previous reports on organic molecule anchored dye W3. Hence, the ZnTPP-ZnPAc self-assembled dye has higher power conversion efficiency. The assembled modes were also verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). To understand ZnTPP-ZnPAc for photovoltaic performance trends, we have carried out charge extraction, transient photovoltage decay and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prospective memory (PM) is vital for children to live independently. Theoretical and empirical evidence has shown that executive function (EF) plays an important role in children's PM. However, there is no EF training for the PM of school-age children. Therefore, a 4-week EF training programme was conducted in this study to investigate the transfer effects of training on event-based PM in 8- to 12-year-old children. Children were randomly assigned to the EF training or control groups. The results revealed that EF training was more effective in enhancing children's PM performance; in particular, there was a transfer effect of EF. Further findings suggested that this transfer effect was observed only in older children, which supported the magnification account that those with strong EF abilities profit most. Moreover, the benefits of training were predicted by inhibition and switching ability. Altogether, EF training has the potential to improve children's PM, especially for children with better EF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the bioactive polypeptides of dairy cows' placenta and establish an effective enzymatic hydrolysis evaluation index for preparing bioactive hydrolysates. Hydrolysed placental homogenates by trypsin and papain and evaluated hydrolysis time, substrate concentrations and Enzyme/Substrate ratio to hydrolysates extraction rate and also their reducibility by Box-Behnken central response model. Optimal hydrolysis conditions of trypsin and papain for the highest extraction rate and reducibility were as follows: hydrolysis time 5.78, 5.13 h and 6.18, 3.95h; substrate concentrations 30.21, 35.59 %, and 34.78, 22.04 %, E/S 3.24, 4.19% and 5.00, 3.64%, respectively. The corresponding extraction rates and Vit.C equivalent were 5.55% and 39.32 μg/mg for trypsin, 6.97% and 70.54 μg/mg for papain. Correlations between the extraction rate and reducibility were significant in trypsin but not in papain. Optimized hydrolysis conditions with the highest integrated extraction rate (I) of trypsin and papain were as follows; hydrolysis time 5.8 and 4.7h; substrate concentrations 34.98 and 34.03 %; E/S 3.33 and 3.66%, respectively and corresponding integrated extraction rates were 2037.92 and 4414.09 μg·g−1, respectively. These results indicated that papain has higher hydrolysis efficiency than trypsin and I value is applicable for evaluating bioactive enzymatic hydrolysis of the placenta of dairy cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foxtail millet shell as a raw efficient adsorbent was chosen first to eliminate methylene blue (MB) based on the uneven surface with many micropores, lots of negative charges, various functional groups, and some primary elements. And then the adsorbent-loaded MB was used to remove Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) from aqueous water for secondary adsorption. The effects of various factors were explored and optimized for removal rates of MB on the surface of the adsorbent using response surface methodology (RSM). After these factors were optimized, the confirmed removal rates of MB by the adsorbents were reached at 92.04, 93.05, and 93.36%, respectively from aqueous water while the solution pH was at 3, 7, and 11, respectively. The behavior of adsorption for MB dye was well-described by Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.9951), demonstrating favorable monolayer adsorption of MB on the adsorbent with the maximum capacity of 165.07 mg·L−1 in aqueous water. The data of MB dye removal was better assessed by pseudo-second-order model (R2 ≥ 0.9033), indicating an exchange of electrons has occurred between the adsorbent and MB particles, especially K and Ca ions of the adsorbent. In addition, the adsorbent-loaded MB has still presented better adsorption abilities for Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II), respectively after MB removal in aqueous water. The adsorption mechanisms of adsorption were explored with the characterizations of the adsorbent before and after adsorption for the target pollutants by the methods of TEM, SEM, nitrogen physisorption isotherms, XPS, EDS, IR, and zeta potential classes. In summary, the results presented that the foxtail millet shell could be applied to remove MB dye effectively from aqueous water with the combined effects of electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, functional groups binding, and pore diffusion, but also, the adsorbent loaded with MB can be still applied to eliminate Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) by effects of electrostatic attraction and functional groups complexation in aqueous water. Novelty Statement In the present work, (a) the raw foxtail millet shell as a new potential adsorbent was used to remove MB dye from aqueous water for the first times, and operational variables of adsorption MB were investigated and optimized using response surface methodology, (b) the foxtail millet shell loaded MB as a disused adsorbent without any chemical reagent added was carried out to remove Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) ions, respectively in aqueous water for a secondary cycle, (c) adsorption mechanisms of MB removal on the adsorbent and the target heavy metals on the disused adsorbent were explored by the various analytical methods. This work provides evidence for the adsorption of MB on the natural adsorbent and improves the utilization efficiency of the used adsorbent on Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) removal in aqueous water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early Palaeozoic alkaline magmatism is widely preserved in the North Daba Mountains, South Qinling Belt (SQB), predominately composed of basalt–diabase and trachyte–syenite. The petrogenesis of the felsic rocks and their genetic connections with the mafic members remain controversial. Here, an integrated investigation, combining geochronology and whole-rock and Sr–Nd isotopic geochemistry, is conducted to further constrain the origin and tectono-magmatic evolution of the trachytes in Pingli–Zhuxi area, North Daba Mountains. Zircon U–Pb dating for the Pingli–Zhuxi trachytes yield ages of 406.0 to 427.9 Ma, which are close to those of the mafic rocks (420–455 Ma) in research area. The trachytes show relatively high SiO2 (60.88–63.87 wt.%) and total alkali (Na2O + K2O = 10.19–12.24 wt.%) contents, and are characterized by pronounced enrichment in LREEs and HFSEs, with insignificantly negative Eu anomalies and significantly negative Sr anomalies. All of the samples display low and variable initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.6959 to 0.7083 and narrow range initial 143Nd/144Nd ratios of 0.5123 to 0.5125 with positive εNd(t) values of +3.0 to +7.3, suggesting a depleted source. Together with the published data from coeval SQB diabases, our geochemistry evidences show regular and linear variations between mafic and felsic end-members, suggesting their closely genetic link. A plausible petrogenetic hypothesis for the genesis of the Pingli–Zhuxi trachytes implies a protracted process of fractional crystallization driven by separation of K-feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, apatite, and Ti-magnetite from a basaltic melt. Enrichment in REEs and HFSEs and similar geochemical characteristics point to that the Pingli–Zhuxi trachytes and the coeval mafic rocks originate from a cogenetic metasomatized lithosphere source in rift setting. Asthenospheric upwelling is a key factor for continental break up and lithosphere metasomatism. Collectively, melting of the metasomatized source, followed by protracted K-feldspar-dominated fractional crystallization, leading to the occurrence of the Pingli–Zhuxi trachytes in the North Daba Mountains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cognitive strategies are preferred among nurses who have limited opportunities in the workplace to use behavioral strategies to cope with negative life events. To explore whether different cognitive emotion regulation profiles could be distinguished in nurses exposed to workplace violence, and to investigate whether such profiles had differential associations with depressive symptoms. An online survey was conducted among nurses exposed to workplace violence (N = 399). Latent profile analysis was performed to identify discrete profiles based on the use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies. The Bolck, Croon, and Hagenaars method was applied to compare the latent profiles on the depressive symptoms. Seven latent profiles were identified: Low Regulators, Medium Regulators, High Regulators, Intensely Adaptive Regulators, Moderately Adaptive Regulators, Intensely Maladaptive Regulators, and Moderately Maladaptive Regulators. High Regulators had the highest level of depressive symptoms. Although using less adaptive strategies, Low Regulators did not report significantly more depressive symptoms than Medium Regulators, Intensely Maladaptive and Moderately Maladaptive Regulators. The adaptability of cognitive emotion regulation strategies depends on the conjunction of different strategies one person has at his disposal. Cognitive emotion regulation skill training should focus on flexible implementation of strategies and decreasing use of maladaptive strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For pediatric patients with APL receiving ATRA-ATO, the main adverse effect was a frequent increase of liver SGOT/SGPT by hepatocytotoxicity which was reversible and appeared to be manageable with temporary discontinuation of ATO. Arsenic trioxide (ATO), which was initially used in the treatment of refractory or relapsed APL [[2]], has been proven to be effective in the therapy of newly diagnosed APL [[3]]. Two patients declined ATRA-ATO therapy and were excluded. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by the reciprocal translocation of t(15;17) (q22;q21) encoding the promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor- (PML-RAR ) fusion protein in approximate 90% of cases [[1]]. [Extracted from the article]

Biochar plays an important role in improving soil quality and carbon (C) sequestration. However, the effects of different biochar application rates on soil organic C content and its fractions in the Loess Plateau of northwest China are still unclear. In this work, six biochar treatments were studied, with application rates of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 t·ha−1 (CK, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively). Soil total organic C (TOC), readily oxidizable C (ROC), water-soluble organic C (WSOC), microbial biomass C (MBC), light fraction organic C (LFOC), heavy fraction organic C (HFOC) and the Carbon pool management index (CPMI) in the 0–30 cm layer were analyzed after 3 years of wheat field trials. The content of soil TOC and its fractions decreased with soil depth but was significantly (p <.05) increased by biochar. TOC, ROC and HFOC showed significant (p <.05) positive correlations with the rate of biochar application, with the highest content of these components in T5. MBC, WSOC and LFOC first increased and then decreased with the increasing rate of biochar application. MBC and WSOC of T3 and LFOC of T4 were the highest of all treatments. When compared with CK, the CPMI of all biochar treatments was >100% in the order of T5 > T4 > T3 > T2 > T1. This study provides scientific support for large-scale biochar application on the Loess Plateau to significantly improve soil quality via increasing the soil organic C fractions and enhancing the inert soil C pool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have synthesized tetrazolium anchor porphyrin (MPTz) with different metal ions (M, M = Zn2+, Cd2+ and Co2+) and triphenylamine group antenna molecule L2 on the nanostructured TiO2 electrode surfaces, resulting in a ZnPTz + L2 assembled approach, based on self-assembled dye ZnPTz + L2 for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells sensitized by the dyes with antenna molecule (L2) were enhanced when compared to that sensitized by the dye with monolayer anchor porphyrin (ZnPTz). We have carefully examined their optical and electrochemical properties and device performance. In addition, the modes of the assemblies immobilized on TiO2 electrode surfaces were also verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proterozoic igneous rocks in the southern margin of the North China Craton can place constraints on its crustal evolution. This paper reports geochemistry, zircon U-Pb ages, Sr-Nd isotopes and Lu-Hf isotopes for the Proterozoic Angou granite from the southwestern margin of the North China Craton (NCC). The Angou granite has zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb age of 1819 ± 14Ma (MSWD = 1.3, n = 37), which is synchronous with the Proterozoic Xiong'er Group in the southeastern margin of the NCC. The granite has A-type granite affinity: (1) high SiO2 (67.12% to 73.16%) and alkali (Na2O+K2O = 7.18% to 8.75%) contents, with K2O/Na2O ratios of 1.04 to 4.78; (2) high FeOT/MgO values (4 to 36); (3) significantly negative Eu anomalies (Eu*/Eu = 0.33 to 0.53) and negative Sr anomalies (38.1 to 102ppm); (4) high 104× Ga/Al (2.55 to 4.75, with an average of 3.43) values and Zr+Ce+Nb+Y (634 to 1022ppm) contents; (5) high zircon saturation temperatures (871 to 957°C). In combination with its slightly peraluminous (A/CNK = 1.02 to 1.26) nature, the Angou granite can be classified as slightly peraluminous A-type granite. It displays negative ɛNd(t) values of −2.0 to −3.9, variable εHf(t) values (−8.81 to +1.98) with Hf model ages of 2194 to 2721Ma, combined with its high Rb/Sr (1.05 to 3.26) and low Rb/Ba (0.08 to 0.18) ratios, suggesting that the Angou granite was derived from high temperature melting of tonalite in middle-lower crust. The formation of Angou A-type granite is consistent with the mafic dyke swarms and Xiong'er bimodal volcanic rocks in NCC, indicating a Paleoprotozoic extensional setting in the southwestern margin of the NCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to understand the significant differences in activities and effects between Asian ginseng (ASG) and American ginseng (AMG), it is important to study the correlation between chemical structures and biological activities in the two types of herbs. However, more attention has been paid to the analysis of ginsenosides in previous reports distinguishing between ASG and AMG. There are some other bioactive compounds besides ginsenosides, however, few studies have focused on a systematic comparison of these types of compounds. Two metabolomic methods were developed in this study by qualitative data acquisition using normal phase liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (NPLC-MS) and reverse phase liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (RPLC-MS) respectively, in combination with principal component analysis (PCA). Results show that both NPLC-MS and RPLC-MS-based metabolomic methods are feasible in composition profiling, biomarker screening as well as in discrimination of ASG and AMG. 17 ginsenosides were identified as analytical markers in RPLC-MS-based metabolomic method. In comparison, using NPLC-MS-based method, 5 ginsonosides, two amino acids as well as 1 oligosaccharide were identified as analytical markers. Therefore, RPLC-MS-based metabolomic method exhibits better profiling in ginsenosides, while NPLC-MS-based metabolomic method offers the advantage that multiple active ingredients can be determined simultaneously. The two methods are both helpful in identification of biomarker as well as in discrimination of American ginsengs from Asian ginsengs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new self-assemblies based on zinc porphyrin dyes ZnPx-ZnPA (x = 1, 2) were synthesized and used for dye-sensitized solar cells. Capping layer dyes consist of zinc porphyrin (ZnP) as core unit and carbazole (P1), phenothiazine (P2) as electron-donating group. The dye ZnPA contains carboxylic group as an anchor porphyrin with upper dyes (denoted as ZnP1 and ZnP2) formed dyads by coordination bonds of Zn-to-ligand self-assembled devices. The assembly modes were also verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The influence of the upper porphyrins on molecular structure as well as photovoltaic performance was investigated via photophysical and electrochemical studies and calculations. With addition of the phenothiazine unit, the ZnP2-ZnPA possesses better light-harvesting capability with a significantly red-shifted Q-band. The photoelectrochemical efficiencies for ZnP2-ZnPA are better than those of ZnP1-ZnPA ascribed to larger Jsc and Voc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morus alba L. (mulberry) is a perennial woody tree and a species with great potential for Cd phyremediation owing to its large biomass and extensive root system. The mechanisms involved in Cd detoxification were investigated by analyzing the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cd in mulberry in the present study. These results indicated that 53.27-70.17% of Cd mulberry accumulated was stored in the root and only about 10% were in the leaves. Lots of the Cd was located in the cell wall of the mulberry root and in soluble fraction of the mulberry leaf. Moreover, in roots, the largest amount of Cd was in the form of undissolved Cd-phosphate. While in mulberry leaves and stems, most of the Cd was extracted by 2% Acetic acid and 0.6 M HCl, representing Cd-phosphate and Cd-oxalate. It could be concluded that the Cd combination with peptides and organo-ligands in vacuole of leaf or complexed with proteins or cellulose in the cell wall of root might be contributed to the tolerance of mulberry to Cd stress. The mulberry could be used to remediate the Cd polluted farmland soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have designed a self-assemblyZnP-ZnPA, based on a porphyrinZnPbearing 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine unit, and anchoring porphyrinZnPA. The assembly withZnP-ZnPAwas immobilized on nanostructured TiO2electrode surfaces. The assembled structures were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The optical, photovoltaic, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency were measured. The results revealed that theZnP-ZnPAdevice had better photovoltaic performance thanZnPAand possessed a higher shortcircuit photocurrent density (JSC = 6.04) but a lower open-circuit photovoltage (VOC = 0.51) than anchoringZnPA. Moreover, our previously reported assembly (ZnP-A1) as reference, the assembly deviceZnP-ZnPAhad betterη(2.24%) and FF (72.7%). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Voluminous Neoproterozoic mafic–ultramafic, felsic, and alkaline intrusions are found in the northern Yangtze Block, South China. Here, we present whole-rock major and trace element, and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions, together with zircon U–Pb ages, for syenite and gabbro samples from the Shuimo–Zhongziyuan alkaline intrusive complex in the Micang Mountains region at the northwestern margin of the Yangtze Block. Zircon U–Pb dating yields crystallization ages for the Na- and K-rich Shuimo syenites of 869 ± 4 (MSWD = 0.85, 2σ) and 860 ± 5 Ma (MSWD = 0.47, 2σ), respectively, and for the Zhongziyuan gabbros of 753 ± 4 Ma (MSWD = 0.23, 2σ), indicating that the syenites and gabbros represent different stages of magmatism. The syenites include both Na- and K-rich types and have high values of the Rittman index (σ), and high SiO2and Na2O + K2O contents. These syenites are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE) and large-ion lithophile elements (LILE), but depleted in high-field-strength elements (HFSE), with high (La/Yb)Nvalues and small negative and positive Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.74–1.17). In contrast, the gabbros have lower SiO2and Na2O + K2O contents, are only slightly enriched in LREEs, are enriched in LILE but depleted in HFSEs, and have small negative and positive Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.86–1.37). The syenites have low initial87Sr/86Sr (0.703340) andɛNd(t) values (+1.9 to +7.7). The gabbros have relatively high initial87Sr/86Sr (0.703562–0.704933) and positiveɛNd(t) values (+1.6 to +4.5). These data suggest that the syenites and gabbros are isotopically similar and were largely derived from melts of depleted mantle. The syenites underwent significant fractional crystallization and small amounts of crustal contamination during magma evolution. In contrast, the gabbros were formed by partial melting (>15%) of a garnet lherzolite source and might also have experienced crustal assimilation. Taking into account the geochemical signatures and magmatic events, we propose that the Shuimo syenites formed in an intra-arc rifting setting, however, the Zhongziyuan gabbros were most likely produced in a subduction-related, continental margin arc setting during the Neoproterozoic, thus suggesting that the alkaline intrusive complex were formed by the arc-related magmatism in the Micang Mountains. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Zircon U–Pb ages and geochemical and isotopic data for Late Ordovician granites in the Baoshan Block reveal the early Palaeozoic tectonic evolution of the margin of East Gondwana. The granites are high-K, calc-alkaline, metaluminous to strongly peraluminous rocks with A/CNK values of 0.93–1.18, are enriched in SiO2, K2O, and Rb, and depleted in Nb, P, Ti, Eu, and heavy rare earth elements, which indicates the crystallization fractionation of the granitic magma. Zircon U–Pb dating indicates that they formed at ca. 445 Ma. High initial87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.719761–0.726754, negative ɛNd(t) values of –6.6 to –8.3, and two-stage model ages of 1.52–1.64 Ga suggest a crustal origin, with the magmas derived from the partial melting of ancient metagreywacke at high temperature. A synthesis of data for the early Palaeozoic igneous rocks in the Baoshan Block and adjacent Tengchong Block indicates two stages of flare-up of granitic and mafic magmatism caused by different tectonic settings along the East Gondwana margin. Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician granitic rocks (ca. 490 Ma) were produced when underplated mafic magmas induced crustal melting along the margin of East Gondwana related to the break-off of subducted Proto-Tethyan oceanic slab. In addition, the cession of the mafic magmatism between late Cambrian-Early Ordovician and Late Ordovician could have been caused by the collision of the Baoshan Block and outward micro-continent along the margin of East Gondwana and crust and lithosphere thickening. The Late Ordovician granites in the Baoshan Block were produced in an extensional setting resulting from the delamination of an already thickened crust and lithospheric mantle followed by the injection of synchronous mafic magma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, two new self-assemblies based on zinc porphyrins substituted at the meso-positions with different donor units (denoted asZnP1andZnP2) and anchor porphyrin(ZnPA)dyads formed by the coordination bonds of Zn-to-ligand have been prepared. Further, the assemblies were absorbed on semiconducting TiO2electrode surfaces by the carboxylic groups of anchor porphyrin(ZnPA), and their photovoltaic performances in solar cells were performed under 100 mW cm−2AM 1.5G sunlight. Photoelectrochemical studies reveal a significantly improved photovoltaic behavior for the dyad of triphenylamine-based zinc porphyrin(ZnP1)compared to the dyad with trimethylamine-based zinc porphyrin. The results were verified by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, calculations, and optical performance. In addition, the modes of the assemblies immobilized on TiO2electrode surfaces were also verified by transmission electron microscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The geological record of the Neoproterozoic to early Palaeozoic Proto-Tethyan Ocean in Southeast Asia is not clear. To better constrain the evolution of the Proto-Tethys, we present new geochronology, geochemistry, and petrology of the late Cambrian to Ordovician Pinghe pluton monzogranite from the Baoshan block, western Yunnan, southwest China. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses of four zircon samples yield ages of 482–494 and 439–445 Ma for the pluton, interpreted as two episodes within one magmatic event accompanying the whole process of subduction–collision–orogeny between buoyant blocks and oceanic crust of the Proto-Tethys. The monzogranite belongs to the strong peraluminous, high-K, calc-alkaline series and shows characteristics of both I-type and S-type granitic rocks. It is characterized by extremely high Rb/Sr and Rb/Ba but low TiO2, MgO, FeOt, and CaO/Na2O ratios. The monzogranite is also moderately enriched in light rare earth elements (LREEs), depleted in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs), lacks HREE fractionation, and has strongly negative Eu (Eu/Eu* = 0.06–0.49), Ba, Nb, Ta, Sr, and Ti anomalies. Whole-rockεNd(t) andεHf(t) values range from −8.7 to −11.6 and −5.55 to −9.58, respectively. Nd and Hf two-stage model ages range from 1.66 to 2.06 Ga and 2.14 to 3.00 Ga, respectively, with variable radiogenic206Pb/204Pb(t)(16.547–18.705),207Pb/204Pb(t)(15.645–15.765), and208Pb/204Pb(t)(38.273–38.830). These signatures suggest that the monzogranite magma was derived from partial melting of heterogeneous metapelite, which was generated from Neoarchean to Palaeoproterozoic materials mixed with basaltic magma. The monzogranite magma underwent crystallization differentiation of plagioclase, K-feldspar, and ilmenite. Magmatism to form the Pinghe pluton occurred in a post-collisional setting. Based on the comparison of coeval granites throughout adjacent regions (e.g. Himalayan orogen, Lhasa Terrane, and parts of Gondwana supercontinent), we propose that the Baoshan block was derived from the northern Australian Proto-Tethyan Andean-type active continental margin of Gondwana and experienced subduction of the Proto-Tethyan oceanic crust and accretion of an outboard micro-continent. The Pinghe pluton could have formed when a subducting oceanic slab broke off during collision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a new zincmeso-tetra[3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl]porphyrin (ZnP) was synthesized. Further, the porphyrinZnPwas immobilized by metal-ligand axial coordination (ZnP-A) and a metal-ligand edged binding approach (ZnP-Zn-A) on the nanostructured TiO2electrode surface modified with coordinating ligand functionality, isonicotinic acid (A). The performances of the assemblies-sensitized solar cells were performed under irradiance of 100 mW?cm?2AM 1.5G sunlight. Photo-electrochemical studies reveal significantly improved performance of the assemblyZnP-A. These assemblies can afford a fertile base for further design and fabrication of new supramolecular solar cells in future. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Solvothermal reactions of CdCl2-2.5H20 with 4,4'-bis(benzoimidazol-l-yl)bibenzene (bimbb) and 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (l,4-H2bdc), 4,4'-biphenyIdicarboxylic acid (4,4'-H2bpdb), 5-methyl- 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid (5-Me-l,3-H2bdc), or 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (H3btc) afforded four 3-D metal-organic frameworks, {[Cd2(l,4-bdc)2(bimbb)2]H20}n (1), {[Cd2(4,4'-bpdb)2(bimbb)(H20)2]}„ (2), [Cd2(5-Me-l,3-bdc)2(bimbb)]n (3), and {[Cd3(btc)2(bimbb)(H20)2]-2H20}n (4). Complexes 1-4 were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, powder X-ray powder diffraction, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. 1 possesses a 3-D framework with 2-D undulated (8,4) layers which are further connected by bimbb pillars. 2 forms a 3-D pillared-layer framework constructed through 2-D undulated (4,4) layers and bimbb pillars. 3 has 1 -D ribbons of [Cd4(5-Mel, 3-bdc)4]n which are linked by bimbb to form a 3-D structure. 4 exhibits a 3-D pillared-bilayer framework consisting of (6,3) double-decker [Cd9(btc)6(u-OH2)6]„ layers and bimbb pillars. The Schlȁfli symbols for the four frameworks are (4²-6³-8)(4²-65-8³) (1), (44-66) (2), (44-6²)(46-64) (3), and (6³)(610) (4). The photoluminescent properties of 1-4 were also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]