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One interesting problem arising from Kling and Iacono's pioneering work on computerization movements (CMs) is the question of empirically determining a movement's success or failure. This article questions the question and argues that it is based on two assumptions that upon closer examination seem problematic. The first is that Kling and Iaconco's concept of a CM is sufficient to cover the range of CMs. Their approach to CMs is explicated, pointing out three ways in which it is limited, concluding that it should be reconceptualized. The second is that CMs are similar enough so that a single set of criteria is sufficient to judge the success or failure of any given CM. Using a heuristic analysis to examine a set of 41 CMs, a typology is introduced demonstrating that there are important differences among CMs. The article concludes that since a single set of criteria is no longer appropriate, different sets of criteria are needed to evaluate the success or failure of different types of CMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rise of the Internet has caused acronyms and standards to proliferate. Shelley Neville took "the snooze out of the standards" by explaining how serials standards are created and why we should care about standards and the development process. Howard Rosenbaum then led the participants through a web of Internet acronyms most used in libraries and industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The New York Bight (NYB) is one of the busiest waterways along the US East Coast, and has recently seen an apparent increase in baleen whale presence. With growing anthropogenic pressures, a better understanding of their distribution and behaviour is needed. Encounter rates (sightings km−1) and behaviour of humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae), fin (Balaenoptera physalus) and minke (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) whales were obtained from dedicated non-systematic small vessel surveys conducted from May–November 2017–2019 in previously under-surveyed coastal areas of the NYB. Humpback whales were the most frequently sighted species, and their distribution in the NYB varied significantly by region and season. Within the mid-shelf region (10–60 km from shore), sightings of all species were generally concentrated spatially and temporally in mixed-species aggregations where feeding on sand lance (Ammodytes spp.) was observed. In the nearshore region (<10 km from shore), sightings of all species were more dispersed and typically occurred in close proximity to Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus). Humpback whales were commonly observed lunge feeding on these prey patches. The prevalence of foraging behaviour throughout the study area supports the hypothesis that the NYB may be an important supplementary feeding area for some species. Encounter rates were generally higher in areas overlapping with anthropogenic activity, suggesting that whales may be particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts in the NYB. The observed species distribution patterns and importance of the NYB as a foraging habitat for baleen whales provides valuable information for the development of new baselines and best management practices within this heavily urbanized region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]