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This study explored cefuroxime sodium (CXM) adsorption on sepiolite-rich dolomite, assessing the impact of various conditions like pH, contact time, temperature, and initial CXM concentration. The research utilized data mining, kinetic and isotherm models, and analytical techniques such as FTIR, SEM, and EDX to understand the adsorption mechanism and behavior. Findings indicated that pH significantly influenced CXM adsorption, with the highest efficiency at pH 5. Additionally, the adsorption kinetics were consistent with a pseudo-first-order model, showing that adsorption was rapid and cooperative and reached equilibrium within 60 minutes, while the Freundlich isotherm model best described the adsorption isotherm. The adsorption mechanism was mainly governed by the electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, and pore-filling processes, influenced by the adsorbent's surface heterogeneity and texture characteristics, the adsorbate functional groups, and the bulk solution. Thermodynamic parameters revealed the adsorption to be spontaneous, exothermic, and entropy-driven, suggesting a predominantly physical process. While the presence of negative ΔG values showed that adsorption preferred low temperatures, the presence of a positive ΔS value showed increased randomness at the solid-liquid interface during adsorption. SEM and FTIR results confirmed the changes in the sepiolite-rich dolomite's surface properties and functional groups after CXM adsorption. EDX analysis revealed that CXM's adsorption involved the replacement of Ca2+ ions by CXM's functional groups. The study proved that sepiolite-rich dolomite can be a very effective and environmentally friendly adsorbent to remove CXM and treat bacterial infections from domestic waste or wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CoCrMo alloys are often used in the manufacture of artificial joints in the medical field, and their special working environment will lead to corrosion and abrasion of the surface materials, thus reducing the service life of the joints. Surface texturing technology can improve the friction performance of joints by reducing the friction area, storing abrasive particles and lubricants, etc. Its application in the field of CoCrMo alloy joint surface strengthening is of great significance. This paper analyses the characteristics of surface fabrication processing technology and the friction reduction mechanism of surface fabrication under fluid lubrication and dry friction conditions, summarizes the influence of various fabrication parameters (fabrication depth, size, density, shape, etc.) on the friction performance of the alloy, introduces other surface technologies of CoCrMo alloy as well as common medical materials, summarizes the existing problems in the research of CoCrMo alloy surface reinforcement technology at this stage and makes a study on the development direction of the surface reinforcement technology of CoCrMo alloy in the field of artificial joints. The development direction of CoCrMo alloy in the field of artificial joints is also prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the fruit and seed morphology of all the Periplocoideae (Periploca gracilis and P. graeca) and the majority of Asclepiadoideae (Araujia sericifera, Cionura erecta, Cynanchum acutum and Gomphocarpus fruticosus) taxa in Türkiye was evaluated from a taxonomic point of view using, for the first time, both light and scanning electron microscopy. Macro- and micro-morphological investigations were carried out on herbarium samples. An identification key for the examined Periplocoideae and Asclepiadoideae taxa, and expanded fruit and seed descriptions for each taxon were prepared. Numerical analysis showed that shape and size of follicle, size, shape and surface texture of seed were found to be effective in delimiting the studied Periplocoideae and Asclepiadoideae taxa at subfamilial and generic levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The amount of attention paid to in-situ monitoring in Additive Manufacturing (AM) has significantly increased over the last few years, paving the way to a paradigm shift for quality monitoring and control via big data analysis of signals, images, and videos. In-situ quality monitoring represents an opportunity for waste reduction and first-time-right production via inline detection of process flaws, which allows early identification of scraps and the possibility of correcting actions for first-time-right production. This article presents a solution for in-situ monitoring of images taken layerwise in material extrusion AM. Compared with the existing solutions, mainly focusing on monitoring the shape deviation observed at each layer with respect to the nominal shape, this article focuses on monitoring the internal surface texture with the aim of detecting over- and under-extrusion flaws. Inspired by an approach reported in the literature that was developed for textile image monitoring, we propose a solution for in-situ monitoring of textured surfaces which is based on combining Random Forests with clustering to automatically identify defective locations layerwise. A real case study based on Fused Filament Fabrication is used to compare the performance of the novel proposed solution with the original one and identify an appropriate direction for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface grinding is a widely employed finishing process in industrial sectors dedicated to achieve desired Surface characteristics of components. This study experimentally investigates the impact of the grinding parameters pertaining to the surface characteristics of Inconel 800, which is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy extensively used in high-temperature applications. Various commercially available grinding wheels were employed to grind Inconel800 under different grinding conditions. The ground surfaces were comprehensively analyzed using surface roughness measurements, Three-dimensional profilometry, optical microscopy, findings from XRD and SEM reveal that grinding parameters and wheel characteristics significantly impact the surface texture, topographical features, residual stress, and surface morphology of the machined nickel alloy.. The insights from this investigation contribute to the understanding of the grinding behavior of nickel-based superalloys and provide a basis for optimizing the grinding process for enhanced surface integrity. The findings are valuable for industries dealing with the machining of high-performance nickel alloy components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abrasive Flow Machining (AFM) is highly effective for precise surface control and finishing. The process's material removal mechanism significantly impacts surface quality, especially in complex parts. However, little research addresses how initial micro-surface textures affect AFM outcomes. This study prepared four types of initial surface profiles and machined them using various abrasive media particle sizes. The rheology of the abrasive media was analyzed, with a custom guide restricting the fluid domain to create gradient flow changes. Both experimental and simulated one-way and two-way AFM processes were conducted. Results demonstrated that the material removal efficiency improved according to an enhanced version of Preston's equation for flat surfaces. Initial surface textures exerted more influence on material removal than anticipated. All abrasive media sizes yielded uniform surface quality, with surface roughness improvements exceeding 80%. Larger initial surface textures experienced greater material removal. Chemical element analysis confirmed the AFM process is contamination-free. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the identification accuracy of coal gangue under the complex working conditions of pulverized coal and moisture adhesion on the surface, this paper studies the distribution difference of characteristic curves under five working conditions of different proportions of moisture and pulverized coal, and finds that moisture has a greater influence on gradient features, while pulverized coal has a greater influence on gray texture features. Then this paper studies the distribution of coarse texture and fine texture in coal and gangue, and finds that there are many fine textures and few coarse textures on the surface of gangue, while coal shows the opposite law. In addition, the ratio of pixels with large gray value to pixels with small gray value can reduce the occurrence of noncompliance with the above laws. Finally, through the combination of coarse texture, fine texture, and gray value difference, the relief feature is put forward. Compared with different features, the average feature overlap ratio proposed in this paper is lower, at 23.83%. Compared with different methods, this method has a higher identification rate under different working conditions, and the average identification accuracy rate is 89.59%, which is at least 13.93% higher than other methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dry machining is an environmentally friendly process and minimizes machining costs. Also, using cutting fluids in machining affects the operator's health risks and the surrounding environment. One of the alternatives is surface texture on the coated cutting tool, known as Laser Surface Texturing (LST). In the current research work, Hybrid Textured Tools (HTT) in a combination of dimples and grooves were developed, and the performance of the tools was studied. The experimental findings assert that incorporating HTT during machining operations conclusively leads to a substantial reduction of 47% in the cutting force (Fc), 12% in tool-chip interface temperature (TCT), 26% in surface roughness (Ra), and 30% in flank wear (Vb) in comparison to non-textured tools (NT). HTT implementation can enhance machining performance, improve efficiency, and reduce tool wear, leading to better-quality products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tool surface texturing is a new sustainable method for machining hard-to-machine materials. The present study focuses on the new honeycomb texture (mimic of bee's honeycombs) containing hexagons forming between thin vertical walls. The important novelty in this work is the cutting performance of honeycomb texture on Inconel 713C was examined under cutting parameters and different cooling conditions: dry untextured (T1), dry textured (T2) tool, impregnated solid lubricant (hexagonal boron nitride (hBN)) textured tool (T3), MQL (coconut oil) with textured tool (T4), and NMQL (0.20 wt.% hBN + coconut oil) with textured tool (T5). Compared to plain tools, NMQL to honeycomb texture reduced flank wear by 53.2%, roughness by 43.2%, turning force by 27%, and cutting temperature by 47.7%. Honeycomb texture with MQL (T4) and NMQL (T5) reduces flank surface Ni element diffusion during turning. Nanofluid-textured inserts (T5) demonstrated higher shear angles, lower chip curl diameter, and shorter tool-chip contact length than other conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current scenario, industries face new challenges in cutting metal-based composites with good surface texture. The experimental investigation on laser cutting of magnesium AS2-Bimodal SiC composites is reported in the present work. Three bimodal compositions with varying proportions of micro-nano SiC reinforcement (75%-25%, 50%-50% and 25%-75%) were dispersed in AS21 alloy by stir-casting route. The comparison of quality characteristics such as surface roughness, kerf deviation and edge slope has been done to examine the behaviour of bimodal reinforcement with different laser cutting parameters. The experimental strategy was implemented based on the Taguchi L18 mixed design. The microstructure and cutting surface morphology has been analysed using OM, SEM and TEM. The results demonstrated that the AS21 composite with a bimodal structure of 75 vol.% micro-SiC and 25 vol.% nano-SiC showed better performance characteristics of CO2 laser cutting system due to uniform grain structure and homogeneous dispersion of nano-SiC reinforcement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many studies have consistently demonstrated the positive effects of surface texture on the performance of friction couples. Circular dimple textures are made on the flat surfaces of the copper-based powder metallurgy friction disk samples from a multi-disk clutch with five different circular densities. Long-term pin-on-disk sliding experiments under different loads are conducted. Surface morphology analysis is also conducted to evaluate the wear characteristics of the sample disks. Results show that the working load does not significantly affect the coefficient of friction (COF) of the flat surface samples, but there exist significant differences of the COF at different radii with the same rotation speed. Compared with the flat surface samples, the textured samples have a 20–65% decrease of COF under light load conditions but have a more than 30% increase under heavy load conditions. Furthermore, the wear of the textured samples is substantially reduced by more than 19% and 40% respectively. Therefore, the circular dimple texture can significantly enhance the friction and wear performances of the copper-based powder metallurgy friction disks, especially under heavy load working conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asphalt pavement surface texture is the main factor affecting pavement function. Reconstruction of the asphalt pavement surface texture is needed to accurately reveal its evolutionary characteristics for pavement performance and quality evaluation. To reconstruct an optimised 3D model of the asphalt pavement surface texture and to study its evolutionary properties, digital image processing technique and accelerated pavement testing system were used. First, the asphalt pavement surface texture 3D model optimised by three camera parameters and their thresholds. Next, the accelerated pavement testing system simulated traffic loadings on dense-gradation asphalt mixtures to investigate the pavement surface texture evolution properties. Finally, predictive models are developed for the asphalt pavement surface texture evolution. Results show that the optimised pavement texture 3D model resembles actual pavement structure. The surface texture evolutionary characteristics of asphalt pavement can be divided into three periods and six stages. The evolution model can accurately characterise the evolution of the surface texture of asphalt pavement. Abbreviations: MLS11: Accelerated pavement testing system; HP: Mean pixel difference; Df: Fractal Dimension; MTD: Mean Texture Depth; BPN: British Pendulum Number [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultrasonic assisted machining is an eco-friendly surface texture fabrication method with low machining cost, high-accuracy precision, and efficiency. This study analyzes the surface texture formation in feed direction ultrasonic vibration assisted milling (FUVAM) and elliptical ultrasonic vibration assisted milling (EUVAM). The trajectories of the single and adjacent tool tips in FUVAM are analyzed. Furthermore, the tool–workpiece separation mechanism in EUVAM is discussed. Moreover, a 3D surface topography model of EUVAM is applied to study the influences of machining parameters on the ultrasonic machining topography. The experiments of conventional milling (CM) and EUVAM are carried out and different types of surface textures are successfully fabricated on Ti-6Al-4V using EUVAM. The results of the response surface indicate that the surface roughness shows an increasing trend with higher spindle speed, but decreases with improved feed speed and cutting depth. Compared with CM, the chips generated in EUVAM have the characteristics of small width and low bending degree. This work is expected to provide some guidance for the selection of machining and vibration parameters during ultrasonic assisted milling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the use of computer vision in analyzing the material nature of art. Topics mentioned include the importance of understanding how artworks are made and the inspirations of artists, the examination of surface textures of photographic prints, and the photomechanical reproduction of images.

A variety of simple and complex components made of metal, as well as non-metals, can be fabricated by machining. Generally, the machining process produces enormous heat at the metal cutting interface. Coolants are more often used to lessen the amount of heat generated during machining. However, it has been found that cutting fluid produces environmental risks and health risks to the operators such as skin cancer, respiratory diseases, cough, etc. and it also increases machining costs. Therefore, several researchers are working in this field to mitigate these problems without compromising the quality of machined parts produced. Manufacturing processes should be optimised without affecting the environment. Researchers are shifting towards environmental sustainability and adopting various novel machining processes like dry machining, MQL, cryogenic machining, etc. thereby curtailing the usage of cutting fluid up to certain extent. Micro-nano textured surfaces eventually reduces wear, and it will also help in reducing the cutting temperature through effective lubrication and cooling. This article aims to provide comprehensive information on different prospects of surface textured cutting tools in the field of machining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laser surface texturing (LST) with different patterns was performed on silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramic. Effect of patterns created by LST on coefficient of friction (COF) and surface damage under dry friction was investigated. Results indicated that fluctuation of COF decreased with the increasing loading force for both un-textured and textured samples. Under the same loading force, COF of Si3N4 ceramic with textured patterns was more stable than the samples with smoothly finished surface. The COF of textured samples was not always lower than that of un-textured samples. This may be caused by differences in the distribution of debris and the continuity of surface contact. The worn surface existed damages of plow and crack. However, peeling was observed on un-textured samples only. The surface damage of textured samples was slighter than un-textured samples. Especially under the high loading force, catastrophic damage appeared on the smooth surface. The worn surface of textured samples still maintained the similar state. This could be mainly due to the more complex friction process on the surface of textured sample. The wear rate of the frictional pair was also studied. The mechanisms of friction process for smooth and textured surface were analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering that titanium alloy is a critical aviation resource, ensuring its machining quality is of significant importance. Surface roughness remains a key parameter for surface quality inspection. This article introduces a multi-sensor titanium alloy milling monitoring system aimed at accurately monitoring surface quality during titanium alloy processing. Principal component analysis is conducted on three-dimensional milling force and vibration. We propose a multi-objective cutting parameter optimization procedure to simultaneously optimize multiple cutting parameters to improve surface roughness and tool life. Considering the high dependence of visual measurement on the light source, we strive to mitigate this limitation and improve prediction accuracy by considering one-dimensional and two-dimensional feature values. We establish a multidimensional signal feature surface roughness prediction system based on milling parameters, milling vibration, milling force, and texture image features. Using particle swarm algorithm and machine learning models, the undetermined parameters in the prediction system are obtained. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the multi-signal feature fusion surface roughness prediction system is 99.12%, with a mean square error of less than 0.01. The research can provide some theoretical guidance for the accurate monitoring of the surface quality of titanium alloy processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the enhancement mechanism and effect of laser treatment on the performance of an interface between a carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer and magnesium (CFRP/Mg), finite element simulations and experiments were conducted to demonstrate the macroscopic and microscopic failure processes of the laser-treated interface. Based on the high controllability of the groove parameters in laser machining, the quantitative relationship between the texture parameters and the shear properties of the CFRP/Mg interface was analyzed. In addition, shear tests and simulations of the laser-treated interfaces with different groove parameters were performed. Increasing the groove depth and decreasing the groove spacing effectively improved the shear strength of the CFRP/Mg interface. In addition, the reliability of the interface cohesion parameters obtained using the representative volume element model was verified by experiments and simulations, which is important for the application of laser technology to composite laminates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Saccharum spontaneum, popularly known as Kashful (KF) is a seasonal perennial grass with thin culms, mostly an abundantly growing shrub during the autumn season in southern Asia. It is used as no-cost scavenger to convincingly arrest methylene blue, a recalcitrant dye from colored effluent. FTIR, FESEM-EDX, and BET surface area characterize the material well whereas the surface activity was evaluated from zero-point charge (pHZPC = 6.720). FTIR highlights the presence of polyphenolic and carboxylate moieties. The surface texture is rod-like with intermittent non-homogeneous pores with occasional fractures. The equilibrium reaches within 60 min with the maximum adsorption capacity of 20.917 mg/g. The fibrous powder of kashful stalk (KFS) follows pseudo-second-order (R2 = 0.999 for linear and R2 = 0.985 for non-linear) kinetics and both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model (for linear, Langmuir R2=0.995; for non-linear, R2 = 0.994 for both Langmuir and Freundlich model). The uptake process was spontaneous (ΔG= −3.077 kJ/mol) and endothermic (ΔH = 17.815 kJ/mol). 1:1 methanol could regenerate the dye-loaded material in up to 55% and onward efficiency was conducive for three consecutive cycles. Industrial effluent analysis suggests a real-time removal of ∼55% in the first cycle. Saccharum spontaneum could be exercised to solve environmental problems related to colored water. Saccharum spontaneum, also known as wild sugarcane is an abundantly available long grass with relatively slender culms; usually 100–150 cm tall, grows in the autumn season (August-October) in the south-east part of Asia, and displays steady tillering. Being a non-preferred meal for local herbivores, the material lies abandoned as bio-waste. At the same time, the search for a newer and cleaner alternative for wastewater treatment is on the rise. In line with the waste-to-wealth protocol for a sustainable environment, we have demonstrated the facile uptake of a recalcitrant dye methylene blue (20.917 mg/g) using its stalks powder. The present method is free from any hazardous chemical activation, acid-base treatment, or pyrolysis. With the ability to treat industrial effluent, the material highlights an impactful application in a lab-to-land fashion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While machining of high-strength alloy steel materials, poor surface quality and decreased tool life are result by an increase in the cutting zone temperature close to the machining region. To overcome this, surface texture with green manufacturing environment is an alternate path to enhancing machining performance. In the present work, novel Parallel Grooved Textured Tools (PGT) was developed and studied the performance of so developed tools. Further, the Untextured Tool (UT) and PGT performance was compared while machining EN24 alloy steel under Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) condition. It was perceived from result that textured tools reduced the cutting temperature (CT), rake wear (RW), flank wear (FW), surface roughness (Ra) and cutting force (CF) up to 18.96%, 18.79%, 24.31%, 12.69%, and18.96% respectively compared to UT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stochastic textured surfaces (STSs) do not have well-defined features, and their quality characteristics are reflected through the stochastic nature of their surface textures. Monitoring general global changes in the stochastic nature of STSs is a relatively new, yet important problem. The limited literature for solving this problem has not considered the common situation in which the normal, in-control STS data are subject to structured surface-to-surface variation in their stochastic nature, due to the challenging nature of this problem. In this paper, we propose a dissimilarity-based multivariate control charting approach for monitoring general global changes in STSs in the presence of such structured in-control variation. Our approach is novel in that it quantifies the level of abnormality from multiple 'spanning points', instead of a single reference as in prior work. The spanning points are selected via dissimilarity-based manifold learning and space filling sampling methods. We test our approach with simulated and real textile examples and demonstrate its superior robustness to the structured in-control variation. Our approach has potential to provide a general control charting framework for any applications involving complex data structures other than STS data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a thermochemical conversion method to upgrade the raw biomass into carbon-rich material, which is known as hydrochar. This commentary will focus on the applications of hydrochar in wastewater treatment. Hydrochar has been widely used as an adsorbent for the removal of water pollutants; however, owing to its poor porous texture and small surface area, it is usually converted through an activation process, which yields an activated carbon with superior physicochemical properties and adsorption capacities. While HTC is proven to be beneficial, the current limitations of HTC as a pretreatment prior to activated carbon production are also incorporated to provide insight into its usage during the activation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Titanium dental implants are one of the best replacements for the natural teeth. It can reduce early failures compared to other implant materials. During mastication, generally, implant loosening occurs between the bone and the implant surface. Therefore, to resolve this issue, surface modification of the implant surface was done which can provide better bonding between the implant and the bone. In this study, we designed five different types of surface texture on the implant and compared them with the solid non-textured implant. In addition to that, we used four different hybrid composite coating materials along with hydroxyapatite, for better osseointegration and bone formation. Thus, we modeled a bony structure like mandible using solid modeling technique. We considered average biting force of 250 N with different bone conditions. After the analysis, it has been observed that 'U' and 'V' shape textures exhibited the optimized textures for dental implant with coating combination of HA1.5TO1.5SR and HA3Sr for weak and very weak bone conditions. The coating for straight and dome shaped textures for strong and very strong bone conditions showed better results, whereas 'U' shaped and dome shaped textures showed better results for normal bone condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a laser surface pre-treatment strategy was applied to aluminium 7075-T6 alloy, in which the laser power, speed and frequency were varied to determine the best modified surface property in terms of surface wettability. Surface texture, topography, roughness, contact angle and adhesive bonding strength of the treated surface were measured and characterised. Results showed that the laser-treated surface at a laser power of 30 W, speed of 1.2 m/s and frequency of 8 kHz provided the highest surface wettability by showing the lowest contact angle of 17°, which was attributed to the deeper surface cavities and higher surface roughness. The laser treatment increased the adhesion strength up to 8.5 MPa which was 45% higher than that of the untreated surface (of 5.9 MPa). Its adhesion strength nearly matched with that of the oxalic acid treatment. The laser-treated failed specimen shows predominantly adhesion–cohesion failure mode with a strong interfacial bonding. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of required functional chemical groups of the adhesive after curing, demonstrating a strong bonding force and affinity between the adhesive and the modified surface. The findings clearly indicate that the laser surface pre-treatment would be a viable surface modification strategy without environmental and health hazard to provide adequate strength in the adhesively bonded joints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface texturing on the cutting tool reduces friction in dry machining because high temperatures are recorded at the tool chip interface, resulting in excessive tool wear. This work focuses on the surface texturing of tungsten-coated carbide tools under dry machining of AISI H13 steel. Experiments were conducted using the principles of experimental design and predictive models are developed using the response surface methodology (RSM). The coefficient of determination (R²) for the measured output surface roughness (Ra) and tool-chip interface temperature (TCt) were 95% and 98%, respectively. The RSM-predicted models were in close agreement with the measured values. Desirability function approach (DFA) was used for the optimization and found the optimum values as Ra: 0.6685 µm and TCt: 156.95 °C at machining parameters such as cutting velocity: 125.6 m/min, federate: 0.12 mm/rev and depth of cut: 0.1 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is known from the literature that skid resistance is closely related to road surface roughness. This paper aims to develop a multiscale texture decomposition method able to identify the relevant scales that affect pavement surfaces' skid resistance variation during polishing. This method is based on continuous wavelets decomposition and. It is applied on seven pavement surfaces before and after polishing. The polishing is done in the laboratory using the Wehner & Schulze apparatus, which also serves for skid esistance measurements. At each step of polishing, 3D topographical maps of the test surface are realised with an optical sensor. On these maps, multiscale texture parameters are calculated after the multiscale decomposition. Analysis of these parameters shows their ability to represent the increase and the rate of increase in skid resistance in early age (increase in multiscale parameters for scale range 300–3000 µm) of pavement surfaces and the long-time skid resistance decrease (decrease in multiscale parameters for scale range 0–1000 µm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurately evaluating particle surface micro-texture levels and distribution at different wavelength scales of granular material is critical to optimise service stability of granular material under long-term dynamic loads. Firstly, generalised regression neural network (GRNN) and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) were adopted to impute missing data points and remove the arc-shaped tendency of granular materials' particle wear raw surface profile. Then, granular materials' particle surface micro-texture levels and their distribution within constant bandwidth narrow band spectrum and octave/fractional octave band spectrum were obtained with spectral analysis method, which could characterise granular materials' particle surface properties at different wavelength scales. Fourteen types of parent rocks of granular materials were tested with a modified micro tribological experiment simulating tribological behaviour among particle contact interfaces under dynamic loads. A contrastive analysis with traditionally used surface mean roughness was performed. The results indicate that the micro-texture levels and their distribution obtained in this study can detect the level of the exact texture scales (i.e. 32 and 2 μm wavelengths) significantly influencing the kinetic friction coefficient of granular materials, while surface mean roughness can only represent the global surface property. A high correlation was found between normalised micro-texture level (i.e. 32 μm) and Moh's hardness and coefficient of friction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the repeatability of locked-wheel skid trailer (LWST) and sideway-force coefficient routine investigation machine (SCRIM) measurements and investigate the influences of test speed and test temperature on the friction measurements. This study selected 14 test sections from the NCAT Test Track with different surface texture and friction characteristics. The LWST and SCRIM tests were conducted at different test speeds and test times (or temperatures) on the two consecutive days. The repeatability analysis indicates that both LWST skid number (SN) and SCRIM reading (SR) measurements were most repeatable at a test speed of 50 mph and tangent section. The SN measured in the late afternoon and SR measured at noon were more repeatable than those measured at other times. This study recommended an acceptable precision of friction measurement be within 2.5 SN or 3 SR units. In addition, this study concluded that the SN and SR had a good linear correlation. The statistical regression analysis demonstrates that test speed, air temperature, pavement mean profile depth, and pavement type were significant variables affecting asphalt pavement friction. The developed regression models for SN and SR were helpful to correct the friction measurements to a reference speed or temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the problems of difficult compaction and poor durability of ultrathin overlays, the performance of easy-compaction and high-durability (ECHD) modified asphalt and mixtures were studied. Taking matrix asphalt and SBS modified asphalt as the control group, the high- and low-temperature rheological properties of the asphalt were analysed by MSCR and BBR. The asphalt samples were observed and analysed by fluorescence microscope and infrared spectrometer, and the road performance, compaction performance and surface functional durability of the asphalt mixture were tested. The results show that the ECHD asphalt has the best high- and low-temperature properties. The modifier particles are uniformly dispersed in the asphalt, which can form a dense network structure and a stable system. The ECHD asphalt mixture has good low temperature and water stability, and the high-temperature stability is slightly lower than that of the SBS-modified asphalt mixture, but meets the requirements of the specification. It has the smallest compaction energy index CEI, and the largest compaction rate K. Before and after wearing 30,000 times, the asphalt mixture has the best wear resistance and surface texture, and the surface functional durability is the best. This paper provides a reference for material selection of ultrathin overlays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The microtexture of the asphalt pavement, which is critical for the skid resistance, is dictated by the microtexture of the coarse aggregates used in the surface courses. The existing standard test methods can only capture the combined measure of coarse aggregate surface texture which can be influenced by other aggregate characteristics such as shape and angularity. Consequently, the surface texture of aggregates cannot be quantified explicitly using these tests, and therefore image analysis methods that can extract textural features are gaining more significance. In the present study, various image texture analysis methods are evaluated to identify a reliable texture indicator. Methods include traditional statistical approaches such as histogram method, Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) methods, and transform-based wavelet texture analysis. The image analysis was carried out on the grey-scale scanning electron microscope (SEM) images before and after accelerated polishing. To compare the image texture parameters, the average surface roughness (Sa) measured from aggregate surface profile data obtained from a 3D Optical Surface Profilometer (3D OSP) was considered as a direct measure of surface texture. A detailed correlation analysis with Sa indicates that the surface texture index (STI) from the wavelet analysis quantifies the microtexture more accurately compared to statistical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uniaxial ratcheting behaviours associated with microstructural development of unpeened and laser shock peened ASTM A 588 Grade D High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steel were studied in this investigation. The mechanism of plastic deformation and crystallographic texture evolution during ratcheting was also studied. For this, the primary experimental works involved were stress-controlled ratcheting fatigue tests (on unpeened/laser-peened specimens) at room temperature. Followed by this, microstructure and texture evolution on the surfaces and/or cross sections of the deformed specimens, using electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) were studied in detail. Additionally, the substructural evolution of some selected samples was also studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicated that the average grain size of all the unpeened ratcheted specimens was marginally reduced after fatigue tests. The laser-peened specimen, however, showed a marginal increase in average grain size after ratcheting. Continuous dynamic recovery and recrystallisation (CDRR) during ratcheting was thought to be the cause of the observed reduction in average grain size in unpeened specimens, whereas continuous dynamic recrystallisation (CDRX) was believed to be the controlling factor for marginal accretion of grain size in laser-peened specimens. The plastic deformation of investigated steel was qualitatively explained by the observed dislocation patterns and their evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we proposed a novel GPU-based solution for modelling two-dimensional inviscid and viscous compressible supersonic/hypersonic flows. Texture and surface pointers are used to access GPU memory locations. For effective and efficient use of surface pointers, we grouped multiple 2D arrays referenced and indexed by a single 3D surface pointer. To enable the proposed solver for double-precision calculations, two consecutive 32-bit memory locations were grouped to maintain the efficiency of surface pointers while taking advantage/accuracy of 64-bit calculations. Resolving data and computation dependencies for parallel applications is another complex task that is the focus of this study. Computation dependencies have been solved by using multiple mutually synchronized GPU kernels and executing them sequentially using the GPU default stream to ensure that all relevant data is available to the threads or computed before they actually use it. Consequently, there is no intra-core data dependency in our proposed approach, while inter-core data dependency is successfully solved by stringing multiple kernels together. Using NVIDIA GTX 660 GPUs, we achieved 20x speedup compared to traditional Core i5® computers. This speedup is the result of the Surface Pointer's GPU capabilities for double precision computations. The simulation results are also consistent with the experimental and numerical results of this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyclists' riding comfort, related to pavement texture and unevenness, has not been thourougly investigated, partly due to the lack of condition assessment methods specifically adapted to the speed and space limits on cycle paths. Metrics that better describe the perceived comfort of cyclists, rather than that of car users, are needed. In this paper a novel method, the Bicycle Measurement Trailer (BMT), is proposed to bridge this gap. Eight different cycle path surface types have been assessed with regards to pavement texture and for four of these surfaces the longitudinal evenness was assessed. The accuracy and repeatability of the BMT were evaluated. Finally, five different metrics (Dynamic Comfort Index, Evenness Coefficient, 0.5 m Straight Edge, International Roughness Index and Root Mean Square), were calculated from the collected data and assessed. The main findings suggest that the BMT has a high accuracy at normal and high cycling speeds and a high level of repeatability at normal cycling speed. The surfaces could be ranked according to texture, and the evenness was successfully analysed. In conclusion, the BMT could be a valuable tool to assess the cycle path surface condition in relation to bicycle riding comfort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phenomenon of hydroplaning poses a risk when landing an aircraft on a wet runway. This study developed a finite element (FE) framework comprising a dual-tyre model, water film models, a runway model, and an interaction model to investigate wet runway landings. The dual-tyre model was created with a geometric description and material properties. Water film models for even and uneven water depths were constructed based on a coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian algorithm. The runway model was obtained through surface scanning and 3D reconstruction. The interaction model was calculated using the power spectrum density and viscoelastic property of rubber. Based on the FE approach, the effect of the slip ratio on the hydroplaning phenomenon was discussed. The results indicated that hydroplaning speed generally increases with the slip ratio. Furthermore, single- and dual-tyre wet runway landings with an even water film depth were simulated, and the results revealed similar accuracy between the two landing types. Next, the study of dual-tyre landings indicated that landings in varying depths of water face the risks of hydroplaning and veering off simultaneously. The FE approach was further used to analyse dual-tyre landings on runways with a yaw angle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sounds produced by skateboards, or skatesounds, are a common basis of complaint among the urban public and yet a source of inspiration and joy for skateboarding participants. These opposing responses to skatesound have escaped scholarly attention due to skateboarding's visuocentric culture, yet this disagreement is significant in planning for city-built skateparks, registering public complaints of skateboarders in city spaces, and adding hostile architecture like skate stoppers, which often pivot on this polarity of reactions to skatesounds. We present a spectrum of theoretical responses of skatesound to dispel these reactions, including subjectivism, semiotics, soundscapes, and texturology. We argue that for some people skatesounds may be merely subjective with either a positive or negative valence. For others, skatesound is associated with pro-social or anti-social behaviors. For some, skatesound is both associative and provides wayfinding information about a city. Lastly, we introduce a novel theory of texturology: that skateboarders possess a unique sensory knowledge of the surface materials and textures of the city through skatesound, a knowledge specific to skateboarding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Friction and wear seriously affect the efficiency and life of a machine device. The dynamic pressure lubrication and friction properties of the surface are improved by surface texture technology, which plays an extremely important role in reducing friction and wear. In order to maximize the hydrodynamic lubrication and friction reduction performance of surface texture, a Tesla valve surface texture is proposed in this article. The oil film bearing capacity and wall friction of Tesla valve texture are examined through computational fluid dynamics fluid simulation. Cylindrical rolls with Tesla valve texture are prepared by using laser processing technology, and comparative friction wear tests are conducted. The results show that the lubrication performance of Tesla valve texture is four times higher than without this texture. The friction coefficient and wear loss of the cylindrical rolls with Tesla valve texture are, respectively, 39.7% and 66.7% lower than those of the cylindrical rolls without texture. Tesla valve texture effectively improves the dynamic pressure lubrication and friction in the cylindrical rolls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein we demonstrate an enhanced performance of acid-assisted thiosulfate-impregnated spent/waste tea leaves (TWTL) for the removal of malachite green (MG) from water by batch mode. The material was characterized by pHZPC, FTIR, powder XRD, SEM, and proximate analysis. FTIR suggests the presence of polyphenolic moieties whereas a lignocellulosic peak was observed in powder XRD. SEM image shows a grafted surface texture with intermittent blocks, which upon dye uptake becomes somewhat condensed. Under optimized conditions, the highest removal efficiency of 126.8 mg/g was achieved at pH 7. A fast adsorption process was noticed with >97% removal within the first 10 min. Adsorption follows pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.999) and the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.999). The material can be regenerated by dilute hydrochloric acid and can be reused for up to four cycles. Treatment of industrial effluent was successful in up to 47.56%. Our results highlight the potential of thiosulfate-treated spent tea leaves as a choice for the efficient removal of malachite green from water. Tea, being one of the most popular beverages produces huge waste which requires proper management. With this aim; the thiosulfate-impregnated spent tea leaves have been exercised for effective separation of malachite green from contaminated water. Thiosulfate impregnation under mildly acidic conditions activates the tea leaves and makes the material robust with enhanced water stability than its untreated variety. With a remarkable maximum adsorption capacity of 126.8 mg/g under ambient conditions, the present methodology enjoys the edge over related phytosorbents. The protocol is techno-economic, environment friendly, and could be extended to possible field applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ZnNi alloy coatings with low Ni content (1–4 wt.% Ni) were electrodeposited over mild steel. Ni addition changed the coating morphology from faceted to hillock, decreased the crystallite size, and shifted the basal plane texture to higher energy (01 1 ¯ 1) texture. Zn-1.5 wt.% Ni coating exhibited significantly improved corrosion resistance, even better than the pristine Zn coating. The corrosion resistance properties, however, degraded considerably as the Ni content increased (2.7 and 3.7 wt% Ni). The high corrosion resistance of the Zn-1.5 wt.% Ni coatings was due to the presence of nearly basal texture, low coating strain and evolution of stable γ-phase in the Zn matrix. The corrosion rate for higher Ni addition increased due to high energy surface texture and higher coating strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of surface structures on the wettability and evaporation of a heated water drop is investigated both in the presence of a graphene layer and without a graphene coating. Different topology of surface roughness changes the structuring of water near nano-micro textures. The structured wall surface changes both the wettability and the evaporation rate. Molecular dynamics modeling has shown that by changing the geometric parameters of textures on the copper surface, it is possible to effectively control the wettability of a graphene coating. The calculation results correlate with the experimental data on the droplet contact angle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Machining with the textured cutting tool is an emerging sustainable method to improve the cutting performance of the tool. In this work, an attempt has been made to improve the cutting performance of HSS cutting tool by fabricating the protruded surface textures on the rake surface of HSS cutting tool. A triangular-shape protruded textures were fabricated on HSS cutting tool by radium masking followed by chemical etching process (CEP). Protruded textured (PT) cutting tools are used in the dry machining of aluminium 6063 alloy, and these tools were compared with the cutting performance of non-textured (NT) cutting tool. Experimental results showed that protruded textured (PT) tool has significantly impact on reduction of chip-tool tool contact area it leads to improved the cutting performance as compared to NT cutting tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work shows that using Sedum praealtum extract, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and flower-like silver self-assemblies (AgFLs) can be synthesized by varying only the concentration of AgNO3. In addition, the comparison of its catalytic activity on the degradation of the methylene blue dye (MB) was evaluated. SEM showed spherical AgNPs of ∼15 nm at 5 mM (AgNO3) concentration, and AgFLs are formed at 10 mM (AgNO3). XRD patterns confirmed the fcc crystal structure of the materials. FTIR spectroscopy determined that glycoside compounds are the main participants as reducing agents, stabilizers, and binders. UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed the obtaining of Ag nanomaterials through the characteristic resonance band of the surface plasmon (RSP). In addition, the value of the band-gap was determined to measure the catalytic activity in the degradation of MB. The photocatalytic activity was mainly favored by smaller sizes of AgNPs, over the texture and surface porosity of AgFLs. However, it is independent of the morphology, and the use of an external reducing agent (NaBH4) since a 90% degradation is obtained after 24 h of reaction due to the combined action of photocatalysis and dye adsorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An explainable artificial intelligence approach based on consolidating the Local Interpretable and Model-agnostic Explanation (LIME) model outputs was devised to discern the influence of the surface morphology on the colors exhibited by stainless-steel 304 parts polished with a Magnetic Abrasive Finishing (MAF) process. The MAF polishing process was used to create two regions, each appearing either blue or red to the naked eye. The color distribution was microscopically heterogeneous, i.e., some red microscale patches were dispersed in blue regions, and vice versa. The surface morphology was represented in the frequency domain (using a 2D Fourier transform) to capture the harmonic surface patterns, such as the feed and lay marks from the polishing process. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was employed to identify the color of the region from the frequency characteristics of the surface morphology. The CNN was able to predict the observed colors with test accuracies exceeding 99%, suggesting that the frequency characteristics of the surface morphology of the red regions are distinctly different from those of the blue regions. A LIME model was constructed around each small segment within each region of the surface to identify the frequency features that are influential for differentiating between the colors. To deal with the effect of heterogeneity, an algorithm based on the query by experts was used to reconcile the local influences and gather the global explanations of the frequency characteristics that inform the blue versus red regions. We found that the dominant morphological features in the red regions are those that capture the polishing lay patterns underlying surface structure, whereas those in the blue regions capture the non-uniform and high-frequency waveform patterns, such as those result when oxide films form due to the intense polishing conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A biomimetic microtexture was constructed on the surface of gear alloys, and the stress distribution and oil film pressure of the textured tooth surface were evaluated by numerical simulation. The tribological test of the textured gear alloy was carried out using a "reciprocating ball-on-flat" tribotester, and the friction mechanism was analyzed. The influence of microtexture on the tribological properties of gear alloys was analyzed by cross-checking between the simulation and experiment. The simulation results show that all three biomimetic textures can change the stress contact state of the tooth surface. The oil film pressure of the textured tooth surface is higher than that of the untextured tooth surface. The experimental results show that the textured alloy has excellent tribological properties. Among these, the crescent texture has the best comprehensive performance, and the friction coefficient and wear rate can be reduced by more than 30% and 95%, which is the result of the dynamic pressure effect of the texture and debris storage. In the analysis of wear marks and debris, it is found that the small size of debris wrapped by thick carbon material is helpful to improve the tribological properties of gear alloy. Large-size debris is the main cause of plowing and wear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effects of surface texturing on normal contact stiffness have been investigated by experiments in previous research studies; however, there are relatively few theoretical models in this regard. This article aims to investigate the influence of surface texturing on the normal contact stiffness in theory and experiment. In the present research, a rough surface with surface texturing is divided into two parts, the textured zone and the remaining zone, and their theoretical models of normal contact stiffness are established respectively, considering surface morphology and material properties. For the textured zone, microtextures are modeled theoretically based on the three-dimensional topographic data obtained via a laser profilometer. For the remaining zone, the surface topography is characterized based on fractal theory, and a calculation model is established considering the elastoplastic deformation of surface asperities. In the experiment, the normal contact stiffness of specimens is obtained through the self-developed experimental platform. The proposed theoretical model is appropriate through the comparison of test results and theoretical predictions. The research results show that the effect of surface texture on the contact stiffness is related to the surface roughness, Sa. For the joint surfaces with Sa > 2.69 μm, the normal contact stiffness can be effectively increased through proper surface texturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzed the influence of pits on the tribological properties and friction-induced vibration noise of textured tapered roller bearings under starved lubrication. Laser marking equipment was used to fabricate pits on the outer ring surface. A vertical universal friction and wear testing machine was used to measure the friction force, vibration acceleration, and noise signals of tapered roller bearings. The difference between the pit texture surface and smooth surface in terms of friction wear and vibration noise performance was studied. The results show that the friction force and wear loss of the pit-textured surfaces are markedly lower than those on the smooth surface. Compared to smooth surface bearings, the friction force and wear loss were reduced by 45.1 and 62.5%, respectively, when the diameter, depth, and area density of the pit were 200 μm, 10 μm, and 24%, respectively. The pit-textured surface exhibited good potential for vibration absorption and noise suppression. The friction force of the pit-textured tapered roller bearings is crucial for generating the vibration noise of the friction pair system. It can effectively interfere with the self-excited vibration of the tapered roller-bearing friction pair system. It thereby reduces the degree of vibration noise of the tapered roller bearings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of high temperatures on calcined clay-limestone cement concrete (LC3) and calcined clay-marble stone cement concrete (MC3) is studied in this paper. In the present study, M25 and M35 grades of concrete was prepared using LC3 and MC3 cement and ordinary Portland cement (OPC). After 28 days of moist curing, prepared cubes of size 100 × 100 × 100 mm3, which were subjected to 100°C, 200°C, 400°C, 600°C and 800°C temperatures. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mass loss, surface texture and compressive strength (CS) were studied before and after specified temperatures. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy have been studied over M25-OPC, M25-LC3 and M25-MC3 concrete. The result shows that when the temperature exceeds 400°C, the mass loss in OPC was more than LC3 and MC3 concrete. CS was more in LC3 and MC3 concrete than OPC concrete at all high temperatures. The SEM results reveal that M25-LC3 and M25-MC3 concrete specimens have a sound structured C–S–H gel at high temperatures as compared to M25-OPC concrete specimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morphology and texture of substrate surfaces are crucial parameters for the establishment of reliable protective layers as they determine the performance of interlocking polymer-metal interfaces. Numerous parameters are known to characterize the morphology of metal substrates. In this study, mild steel samples were prepared using dry blast-cleaning with abrasive materials (metallic, minerals) of different particle shapes and particle sizes to investigate the effects of surface profile parameters on the fractal dimension. For this purpose, 2D profiles were taken from a total of 12 surface configurations with a digital contact profilometer. Fractal dimensions were estimated based on these recorded profiles using the box-counting method. For comparison, a total of 37 conventional roughness parameters were determined from the same set of measurements. Design of Experiment (DoE) was applied to evaluate significant interactions between roughness parameters and the corresponding fractal dimension. A new classification scheme for profile parameters, considering six profile sections, is suggested. A linear correlation model was utilized to rank the importance of roughness parameters, and of the surface profile sections, on the resulting fractal dimensions. Evidence is provided on which roughness parameter can be used to best explain fractal dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gecko-inspired dry adhesives (GDAs) have been developed in an attempt to replicate in polymer material the natural ability of some gecko lizards to attach to nearly any surface. Geckos achieve this with nano-sized structures on their feet that facilitate van der Waals's interactions with the surfaces. The conservation of cultural heritage is an area that could benefit greatly from the introduction of a versatile and easily reversible adhesive. However, the multitude of surface types and various surface textures encountered in this field make the adaptation of GDAs difficult. In this research two types of GDAs, with flat tips and with mushroom-shaped tips have been assessed using pull-off tests on three substrate materials. These are based on real heritage objects' surfaces (copper and ceramic) with different levels of surface roughness from The Hunterian collection. Adhesive strength varied between different GDAs and as expected adhesive strength reduced with increased substrate roughness. The finite Element Modelling (FEM) of the pull-off tests closely matched empirical results and showed how different behaviours on the microlevel can affect the GDA behaviour on rough surfaces. It helped to understand the microscale behaviour of two different types of GDAs tested. The research has shown the necessary direction for experimental and theoretical research on GDAs which will enable them to be adopted more widely in heritage conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ocean waves are the richest small-scale texture on the sea surface, from which valuable information can be inversed. In general, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of surface waves will inevitably have an impact on some oceanography follow-up applications due to the intricate motion of the waves. However, existing suppression methods based on image geometric properties or deep learning-based have limitations. Owing to the lack of clean images and the uncertainty of the statistical characteristics of seawater, these methods suppress ocean surface waves while harming other target information. To address this issue, we propose an unsupervised wave suppression algorithm based on sub-aperture SAR images named SAR-Noise2Noise (SAR-N2N). First, SAR-N2N exploits the geometric and time-varying relationship of the sub-aperture images to suppress the wave target selectively through sub-aperture image cancellation. Second, through the method of unsupervised learning, only noisy images are used to suppress ocean surface waves, avoiding heavy dependence on the assumption of the wave distribution. Finally, the proposed regularizer is used as an additional loss to form an end-to-end training process. We explain our approach from a theoretical perspective and further validate it through extensive experiments, including synthetic experiments with various ocean wave distributions in simulated SAR images and real-world images. Training on collocations over 9000 SAR images, we demonstrate on test data from simulated images that SAR-N2N can improve peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) up to 30 dB compared with the classical approach. Furthermore, it improves the equivalent number of looks (ENL) value of real-world SAR images by a factor of 8. All results and the methods are novel in terms of the accuracy achieved, combining the classical approach with deep learning techniques. We conclude that SAR-N2N has the potential to make useful contributions to several oceanographic applications as well as to the near real time (NRT) processing of multiparametric sea states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mount Ganos, once known as the Holy Mountain for Christians, is where sailors traveling through the Sea of Marmara halted for the cross. Since the Byzantine period, pottery has been made in Hora and Ganos for over a thousand years. Amphora workshops from the Byzantine era arose in Hoşköy (Hora) and Gaziköy (Ganos). In ancient times, many ships carrying Amphora filled with wine from this region were caught in the strong winds of the Marmara Sea and sank. The surface structure of Ganos amphoras, which number in the hundreds at the sea's bottom, has evolved through time, resulting in changes in their surfaces due to the effects of saltwater, waves, and seashells. Many artifacts and amphora from prehistoric periods to the Byzantine Period are on display in the Tekirdag Archeology and Ethnography Museum. The goal of the research is to generate unique fabric and garment patterns by using the shifting surface shapes of amphora as inspiration for textile surfaces. Fabric surfaces resembling the textures of these antique amphora were constructed utilizing organic cotton material in this direction, and innovative garment designs were created employing these surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]