34 results on '"Synbiotic"'
Search Results
2. Combined Supplementation of Inulin and Bacillus coagulans Lactospore Demonstrates Synbiotic Potential in the Mucosal Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (M-SHIME®) Model.
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Duysburgh, Cindy, Velumani, Deepapriya, Garg, Vandana, Cheong, Jacob Weng Yew, and Marzorati, Massimo
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FECAL analysis , *BIOLOGICAL models , *BACILLUS (Bacteria) , *INTESTINAL mucosa , *DATA analysis , *SHORT-chain fatty acids , *RESEARCH funding , *PREBIOTICS , *GUT microbiome , *KRUSKAL-Wallis Test , *MANN Whitney U Test , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *QUANTITATIVE research , *SYNBIOTICS , *ONE-way analysis of variance , *STATISTICS , *PROBIOTICS , *COMPARATIVE studies , *DATA analysis software , *BUTYRIC acid , *HEALTH promotion , *INULIN , *DIETARY supplements - Abstract
Prebiotic and probiotic combinations may lead to a synbiotic effect, demonstrating superior health benefits over either component alone. Using the Mucosal Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (M-SHIME®) model, the effects of repeated supplementation with inulin (prebiotic, which is expected to provide a source of nutrition for the live microorganisms in the gut to potentially support optimal digestive health), Bacillus coagulans lactospore (probiotic), and a low and high dose of a synbiotic combination of the two on the gut microbial community activity and composition were evaluated. Test product supplementation increased the health-promoting short-chain fatty acids acetate and butyrate compared with levels recorded during the control period, demonstrating a stimulation of saccharolytic fermentation. This was likely the result of the increased abundance of several saccharolytic bacterial groups, including Megamonas, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium, following test product supplementation. The stimulation of acetate and butyrate production, as well as the increased abundance of saccharolytic bacterial groups were more evident in treatment week 3 compared with treatment week 1, demonstrating the value of repeated product administration. Further, the synbiotic formulations tended to result in greater changes compared with prebiotic or probiotic alone. Overall, the findings demonstrate a synbiotic potential for inulin and B. coagulans lactospore and support repeated administration of these products, indicating a potential for promoting gut health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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3. Gut microbiome-targeted therapies and bone health across the lifespan: a scoping review.
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Mehta, Maahika, Hodgson, Erin, Reimer, Raylene A., and Gabel, Leigh
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BONE health , *GUT microbiome , *BONE density , *BONE remodeling , *BONE resorption , *PROBIOTICS - Abstract
AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that bone turnover is influenced by the gut microbiome through critical bone signaling pathways. The purpose of this scoping review is to examine prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic interventions on bone outcomes in humans across the lifespan. PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost were searched until January 2023 to identify clinical trials examining bone mineral density (BMD) or bone mineral content (BMC) with gut microbiome interventions. Of three prebiotic interventions, one reported higher areal BMD (aBMD) in adolescents. In two studies in postmenopausal women, no changes in aBMD were observed despite decreased biomarkers of bone resorption. Probiotic interventions in perimenopausal or postmenopausal women demonstrated increased aBMD or attenuated bone loss in various bone regions. All studies observed attenuated bone loss (
n = 4) or increased aBMD (n = 1). One study assessed a synbiotic intervention on aBMD and observed decreased biomarkers of bone resorption but no changes in aBMD. Results suggest potential for microbiome-targeted therapies (prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics) to attenuate bone loss. However, changes in biomarkers of bone turnover were not always accompanied by changes in bone mineralization. Future studies should utilize longer duration interventions to investigate the influence of prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic interventions across diverse age, sex, and ethnic cohorts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2024
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4. An update on the use of 'biotics' in pediatric infectious gastroenteritis.
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Wampers, Alicia, Huysentruyt, Koen, and Vandenplas, Yvan
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GASTROENTERITIS in children ,GUT microbiome ,PROBIOTICS ,DIETARY supplements ,DRUG efficacy - Abstract
Introduction: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is the consequence of a disturbed gastro-intestinal microbiome. Certain probiotic strains (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745, Limosilactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) DSM 17,938, the combination of L. rhamnosus 19070–2 and L. reuteri DSM 12,246) reduce the duration and severity of diarrhea. Areas covered: Relevant literature was sourced from PubMed and CINAHL. Important reviews until 2021 were summarized in tables. New evidence for pro-, pre-, syn- and postbiotics in AGE was searched for. Postbiotics offer advantages regarding product stability and show accumulating evidence. Heterogeneity in studies regarding the in- and exclusion criteria, primary and secondary endpoints, type, dose, timing and duration of biotic administration limits the evidence. Expert opinion: Development of a core outcome set for children with AGE would be beneficial, as its application would increase the homogeneity of the available evidence. The vast majority of the 'biotics' is registered as food supplement. Regulations for food supplements prioritize safety over efficacy, making them considerably more tolerant compared to the regulation for registration as medication. We recommend that at least one randomized controlled trial is published with the commercialized product before marketing the product, despite the fact that legislation regarding food supplements requires only safety data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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5. Role of probiotics/synbiotic supplementation in glycemic control: A critical umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.
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Xu, Dengfeng, Fu, Lingmeng, Pan, Da, Chu, YiFang, Feng, Meiyuan, Lu, Yifei, Yang, Chao, Wang, Yuanyuan, Xia, Jiayue, and Sun, Guiju
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PROBIOTICS , *GLYCEMIC control , *SYNBIOTICS , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *DIETARY supplements , *GLYCOSYLATED hemoglobin - Abstract
The evidence regarding the beneficial effects of probiotics/synbiotic supplementation have been revealed by several meta-analyses, however some of these studies have fielded inconsistent results and a conclusion has yet to be reached. Therefore, the aim of present umbrella meta-analyses was to assess relevant evidence and elucidate the efficacy of probiotics/synbiotic supplementation in glycemic control. A comprehensive search in four databases (Cochrane library, PubMed, Web of science and Scopus) was performed to collect relevant studies up to August 2022, the pooled effects were measured with the use of random/fix-effect model depends on the heterogeneity. A total of 47 eligible meta-analyses involving 47,720 participants were identified to evaluate the pooled effects. The overall results showed that probiotics/synbiotic supplementation delivered significant decreases in fast plasma glucose (ES = −0.408, 95% CI: −0.518, −0.298; P < 0.001; I2 = 82.996, P < 0.001), fast plasma insulin (ES = −1.165, 95% CI: −1.454, −0.876; P < 0.001; I2 = 89.629, P < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (ES = −0.539, 95% CI: −0.624, −0.454; P < 0.001; I2 = 56.716, P < 0.001), and glycosylated hemoglobin (ES = −0.186, 95% CI: −0.270, −0.102; P < 0.001; I2 = 59.647, P = 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with impaired glucose homeostasis might benefit the most from probiotics/synbiotic supplementation. In conclusion, current umbrella meta-analysis strongly supporting the beneficial health effects of probiotics/synbiotic supplementation in glycemic control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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6. Bioactivity of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peels Flour to Improve Probiotics Viability in Micro Co-Encapsulation by Ionic Gelation.
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Garrido-Cruz, Jorge L., Totosaus, Alfonso, Pérez-Alvarez, José A., Cortés-Barberena, Edith, and Pérez-Chabela, M. Lourdes
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POMEGRANATE , *GELATION , *FLOUR , *PROBIOTICS , *DIETARY fiber , *OXIDANT status - Abstract
Important ingredients in the food industry, like dietary fiber as prebiotic, or polyphenols with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, can be obtained from agro-industrial coproducts. In this research, pomegranate peel flour was employed as co-encapsulant by ionotropic gelation to obtain a synbiotic capsule. There was a considerable amount of insoluble fiber (27.2±1.4 %) and the polyphenols demonstrated an acceptable antioxidant capacity (TEAC= 1121) and antimicrobial activity as well (equal to tetracycline, higher than erythromycin). Pomegranate peel flour resulted in higher mean growth rate values and mean generation times, indicating the LAB capacity to metabolize the insoluble fiber, related to prebiotic activity. As co-encapsulant ingredient, pomegranate peel flour, enhanced the viability of the encapsulated probiotic strains, maintaining the mean growth rate constant during storage. Since co-encapsulation maintained a high cells viability (>80%), the pomegranate peel flour can be employed as a prebiotic co-encapsulant to develop symbiotic ingredients for the food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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7. Effects of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics on the infant gut microbiota and other health outcomes: A systematic review.
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Ferro, Lynn E., Crowley, Liana N., Bittinger, Kyle, Friedman, Elliot S., Decker, Jessica E., Russel, Kathryn, Katz, Sarah, Kim, Jae Kyeom, and Trabulsi, Jillian C.
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PREBIOTICS , *PROBIOTICS , *GUT microbiome , *SYNBIOTICS , *FLUORESCENCE in situ hybridization , *INFANTS , *POLYMERASE chain reaction - Abstract
The primary aim of this review was to systematically evaluate the literature regarding the effect of pre-, pro-, or synbiotic supplementation in infant formula on the gastrointestinal microbiota. The Cochrane methodology for systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was employed. Five databases were searched and 32 RCTs (2010–2021) were identified for inclusion: 20 prebiotic, 6 probiotic, and 6 synbiotic. The methods utilized to evaluate gastrointestinal microbiota varied across studies and included colony plating, fluorescence in situ hybridization, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, or tagged sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Fecal Bifidobacterium levels increased with supplementation of prebiotics and synbiotics but not with probiotics alone. Probiotic and synbiotic supplementation generally increased fecal levels of the bacterial strain supplemented in the formula. Across all pre-, pro-, and synbiotic-supplemented formulas, results were inconsistent regarding fecal Clostridium levels. Fecal pH was lower with some prebiotic and synbiotic supplementation; however, no difference was seen with probiotics. Softer stools were often reported in infants supplemented with pre- and synbiotics, yet results were inconsistent for probiotic-supplemented formula. Limited evidence demonstrates that pre- and synbiotic supplementation increases fecal Bifidobacterium levels. Future studies utilizing comprehensive methodologies and additional studies in probiotics and synbiotics are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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8. Functional Potential of Several Turkish Fermented Traditional Foods: Biotic Properties, Bioactive Compounds, and Health Benefits.
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Gok, Ilkay
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FERMENTED foods , *FUNCTIONAL foods , *BIOACTIVE compounds , *MARKET share , *PREVENTIVE medicine , *EXPORT marketing - Abstract
The development of new functional foods for disease prevention is a major modern research challenge. Several traditional foods already serve as functional foods, without further development, as their preparation methods are generally well known in their native countries, where they are consumed for health benefits. Here, the functional potential of some Turkish traditional foods and beverages (tarhana, boza, shalgam, gilaburu juice, and hardaliye) are described. Their main characteristics, components, active substances, health benefits, and traditional uses are reviewed. Finally, their potential for use in disease prevention and their increasing global market share are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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9. Efficacy of synbiotic interventions on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.
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Hadi, Amir, Pourmasoumi, Makan, Kazemi, Maryam, Najafgholizadeh, Ameneh, and Marx, Wolfgang
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SYSTOLIC blood pressure , *BLOOD pressure , *SYNBIOTICS , *DIASTOLIC blood pressure , *SEQUENTIAL analysis , *CLINICAL trials , *BODY mass index - Abstract
The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of synbiotic interventions on blood pressure levels in adults. A systematic literature search was conducted in the databases of MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane through March 2020 to identify all randomized control trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of synbiotic interventions on blood pressure parameter, including systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) scale was used to assess the certainty of evaluated outcomes and determine the strength of recommendations. Eleven RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Synbiotic interventions significantly reduced SBP (−3.02 mmHg; 95% CI: −4.84, −1.21; I2 = 55%) without changing DBP levels (−0.57 mmHg; 95% CI: −1.78, 0.64; I2 = 50%). Subgroup analyses revealed that the SBP-lowering effects of synbiotic interventions were more pronounced wherein trials were longer (≥12 weeks), synbiotic interventions were administrated as a supplement, and participants were younger (<50 years old). Also, a significant improvement in both SBP and DBP levels was evident in subgroups with a lower (<30 kg/m2) body mass index. Synbiotic interventions may significantly improve SBP levels in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2022
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10. Pro-, pre- and synbiotics for the prevention of incidental ventilator-associated pneumonia among critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
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Lan, Shao-Huan, Hung, Shun-Hsing, Chang, Shen-Peng, Lu, Li-Chin, Lai, Chih-Cheng, and Lin, Wei-Ting
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This study investigated the preventive effects of pro-, pre- and synbiotics on ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) among critically ill patients. The PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched for relevant articles written before 19 February 2022. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the clinical efficacy of pro-, pre- and synbiotics with placebos or standard treatments for the prevention of incidental VAP were included. A total of 15 RCTs were included. Patients receiving pro-, pre- and synbiotics had a lower risk than the control group of contracting VAP (risk ratio [RR], 0.70; 95% CI, 0.57–0.85; I
2 = 67%). The duration of mechanical ventilation was significantly shorter in the study group than in the control group (mean difference [MD], −1.61 days; 95% CI, −2.72 to −0.50; I2 = 86%), and the study group had a shorter duration of stay in the intensive care unit than the control group did (MD, −1.72 days; 95% CI, −3.22 to −0.23; I2 = 87%). Pro-, pre- and synbiotics can prevent VAP and the use of probiotics for patients who are critically ill should be supported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2022
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11. Synbiotic Supplementation Improves Response to Iron Supplementation in Female Athletes during Training.
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Sandroni, Amanda, House, Elaine, Howard, Lindsay, and DellaValle, Diane M.
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THERAPEUTIC use of iron , *FERRITIN , *IRON , *IRON in the body , *PHYSICAL training & conditioning , *DIETARY supplements , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *PRE-tests & post-tests , *COMPARATIVE studies , *BLIND experiment , *SYNBIOTICS , *STATISTICAL sampling - Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) affects ∼30% of female athletes, and its consequences are highly relevant to athletic performance. Poor iron (Fe) uptake remains a major factor in the development of ID. While studies suggest that consumption of either prebiotics or probiotics may improve Fe uptake, consumption of synbiotics has not been well-studied. The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of synbiotic supplementation on the Fe status of female athletes during Fe repletion. The Fe status of 32 female athletes was screened early in the season. Twenty eligible athletes (hemoglobin:12.3 ± 0.9g/dL; serum ferritin, sFer:18.1 ± 9.2 µg/L) were randomized to receive either a daily synbiotic supplement (5 g prebiotic fiber + 8 billion colony forming units, CFU probiotic B. lactis) or placebo, along with Fe supplementation (140 mg ferrous sulfate, FeSO4/d) for 8 weeks using a double-blind design. Fe status was assessed again at mid-point and after the trial. Nineteen athletes (n = 9 supplement, 10 placebo) completed the trial and there were no differences in compliance or GI symptoms reported between groups. After controlling for baseline Fe status, regression analyses revealed improvements in log sFer in the supplement group after both 4 and 8 weeks (p = 0.01 and p = 0.05, respectively), compared to placebo. Synbiotic supplementation along with FeSO4 improved athletes' Fe status over 8 weeks. This data is essential to advancing our understanding of how dietary and supplemental Fe uptake in active women can be enhanced by synbiotic supplementation, as well as by foods containing pre- and probiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2022
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12. Can pseudocereals modulate microbiota by functioning as probiotics or prebiotics?
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Ugural, Aysegul and Akyol, Aslı
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PREBIOTICS , *ALTERNATIVE grains , *BUCKWHEAT , *QUINOA , *INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases , *BACTERIAL colonies , *SHORT-chain fatty acids , *LACTOSE intolerance - Abstract
Amaranth, quinoa, and buckwheat, known as pseudocereals, have been consumed since ancient times and are considered sacred in most cultures. Their grains can be used as cereals for breakfast or mixed with other grains in meals and their health-enhancing effects have been investigated more in recent years. They have an antioxidant effect and their nutrient profiles are enriched with processing techniques such as sprouting and fermentation. Their suitability to different processing techniques and the rapid increase in microbiota researches highlighted the probiotic/prebiotic effects of pseudocereals. Using cultures or naturally fermented amaranth, quinoa and buckwheat exhibited good substrate properties for probiotic bacteria, especially for Lactobacillus strains. Studies have found that they reduce the number of pathogen microorganisms, increase the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids due to their prebiotic effects. Also the number of bacterial colonies do not change during the storage period and their organoleptic properties are revealed. It has been determined that pseudocereals decrease Ruminococcacea, Lachnospiraceae, Helicobacteracea, Clostridium, Escherichia and increase Peptoclostridium, Prevotellaceae, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Eubacteriaceae. Due to these effects, they are considered as good sources for synbiotic formulations to be developed for the treatment of dysbiosis, obesity, Celiac Disease, lactose intolerance, inflammatory bowel diseases and inflammation-mediated chronic disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2022
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13. The effects of probiotic/synbiotic supplementation compared to placebo on biomarkers of oxidative stress in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
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Pourrajab, Behnaz, Fatahi, Somaye, Sohouli, Mohammad Hassan, Găman, Mihnea-Alexandru, and Shidfar, Farzad
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PROBIOTICS , *SYNBIOTICS , *SCIENTIFIC literature , *DIETARY supplements , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *RANDOM effects model , *OXIDATIVE stress , *META-analysis - Abstract
During the last decades, there has been a burst of scientific literature hypothesizing the antioxidant effect of probiotics. However, the results of these studies are inconsistent and a final conclusion has yet to be reached. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of probiotic/synbiotic supplementation on serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in adults. The following online databases were searched until August 26th 2020: PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Clarivate Analytics Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Igaku Chuo Zasshi. The effect sizes were expressed as the weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 31 eligible trials with 1681 participants (839 cases and 842 controls) were included in this meta-analysis. The results revealed that the supplementation with probiotics/synbiotics, significantly increased serum TAC (WMD: 54.14 mmol/L, 95% CI: 27.87, 80.40, P < 0.001), GSH (WMD: 40.38 μmol/L, 95% CI: 20.72, 60.03, P < 0.001) and NO (WMD: 3.54 μmol/L, 95% CI: 1.73, 5.34, P < 0.001) levels. In addition, MDA levels were significantly reduced (WMD: −0.45 μmol/L, 95% CI: −0.58,−0.32, P < 0.001) following probiotic/synbiotic supplementation. None of the variables showed a significant change in the sensitivity analysis. Available evidence suggests that probiotic/synbiotic supplementation can significantly increase serum TAC, GSH and NO, as well as reduce MDA levels in adults. Therefore, probiotic/synbiotic supplementation may play a role in improving antioxidant indices and reducing oxidative stress in the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2022
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14. The effect of probiotics, parabiotics, synbiotics, fermented foods and other microbial forms on immunoglobulin production: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.
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Kazemi, Asma, Soltani, Sepideh, Nasri, Fatemeh, Clark, Cain C. T., and Kolahdouz-Mohammadi, Roya
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FERMENTED foods , *PROBIOTICS , *CLINICAL trials , *CRYPTOMERIA japonica , *IMMUNOGLOBULIN G , *SECRETION - Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of probiotics, parabiotics, synbiotics, fermented foods and other microbial forms on immunoglobulin production. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, National Institute of Health Clinical Trials Register, and Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials, up to February 2020. All clinical trials that investigated the effects of oral intake of probiotics, parabiotics, synbiotics, fermented foods and other microbial forms on immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgE, Japanese cedar pollen (JCP)-specific IgE, IgG, and IgM, for a duration of >7 days were included. Fifty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria, of these 54 studies were included in the analysis. The results indicated a significant increase in salivary IgA secretion rate (SMD = 0.21, 95% CI 0.02–0.39), while no significant effect was observed on other Igs. In conclusion, mentioned supplementation induced a small but significant effect on salivary secretion rate of IgA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2021
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15. Is Probiotic and Synbiotic Supplementation Effective on Immune Cells? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Clinical Trials.
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Kazemi, Asma, Soltani, Sepideh, Ghorabi, Sima, Nasri, Fatemeh, Babajafari, Sivash, and Mazloomi, Seyed Mohammad
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LEUKOCYTE count , *CLINICAL trials , *B cells , *KILLER cells , *EOSINOPHILS , *EOSINOPHILIA - Abstract
Effect of probiotics on various parameters of immune system including immune cells count levels has been demonstrated by clinical trials; however, as far as we know, no meta-analysis has been done. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of probiotic/synbiotic on immune cells in health and disease status. We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. All clinical trials investigated the effects of oral intake of probiotic/synbiotic on the cellular count of white blood cell (WBC), T and B lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, natural killer (NK) cell count and activity, CD4 and CD8 cell, CD4/CD8, T helper (Th)1 and 2, and Th1/Th2 with duration of more than 7 days with concurrent control were included. Analysis of 108 clinical trials indicated a small significant increase in WBC count, T cell percentage, NK cell count and activity, monocyte percentage. No significant effect of probiotic supplementation was seen on the other immune cells. In conclusion, only a small significant effect of probiotic/synbiotic was seen on some of the immunity markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2021
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16. Effect of synbiotic and probiotic supplementation on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor level, depression and anxiety symptoms in hemodialysis patients: a randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial.
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Haghighat, Neda, Rajabi, Shirin, and Mohammadshahi, Majid
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BRAIN-derived neurotrophic factor , *SYMPTOMS , *HEMODIALYSIS patients , *SYNBIOTICS , *ANXIETY , *PROBIOTICS , *MENTAL depression - Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on the depression and anxiety symptoms and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level. Seventy-five HD patients were randomly assigned to receive the synbiotic (15 g of prebiotics, 5 g of probiotic containing Lactobacillus acidophilus T16, Bifidobacterium bifidum BIA-6, Bifidobacterium lactis BIA-7, and Bifidobacterium longum BIA-8 (2.7 × 107 CFU/g each)) or probiotics (5 g probiotics as in synbiotic group with 15 g of maltodextrin as placebo) or placebo (20 g of maltodextrin) for 12 weeks. Serum BDNF was measured by ELISA kit. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess symptoms of depression (HADS-DEP) and anxiety (HADS-ANX). From baseline to 12 weeks, synbiotic supplementation resulted in a significant decrease in HADS-DEP score in a subgroup of patients with depressive symptom (HADS-DEP ≥ 8) compared to the placebo and probiotic supplementation (p =.001, p =.002, respectively) and in all patients compared to the placebo (p =.004). There was no significant difference among the groups in terms of HADS-ANX scores. However, the HADS-ANX scores decreased significantly in the synbiotic group compared to the baseline in all patients (p =.047) and also patients with depressive symptom (p =.03). In addition, in a subgroup of HD patients with depressive symptom, the serum BDNF increased significantly in the synbiotic group when compared to the placebo (p <.001) and probiotic group (p =.011). Overall, 12 weeks of synbiotic supplementation resulted in greater improvement in depression symptoms and serum BDNF level compared to the probiotic supplementation in HD patients especially in the subgroup of patients with depression symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2021
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17. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Fish: The Implications of Probiotic, Prebiotic, and Synbiotics.
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Hoseinifar, Seyed Hossein, Yousefi, Samira, Van Doan, Hien, Ashouri, Ghasem, Gioacchini, Giorgia, Maradonna, Francesca, and Carnevali, Oliana
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FRUCTOOLIGOSACCHARIDES , *OXIDATIVE stress , *PROBIOTICS , *ANTIOXIDANTS , *FEED additives , *REACTIVE oxygen species , *DNA damage , *DENATURATION of proteins - Abstract
In fish, like other organisms, the lack of balance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense system (so-called oxidative stress) can cause DNA hydroxylation, protein denaturation, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis, and ultimately cell damage. To improve the antioxidant defense capability, different approaches such as the administration of synthetic antioxidants were practiced. During the past years, dietary approaches have been suggested as a promising way of increasing the antioxidant defense activity in different fish and shellfish species. Among them, microbial feed additives (including pre-, pro-, and synbiotics) showed promising effects in terms of affecting antioxidant enzymes activities. Their mechanism of action in influencing the antioxidant system is not fully understood. The present review briefly discussed the antioxidant defense activity in fish, influencing factors with special focus on dietary approaches and microbial feed additives. In addition, the proposed mechanism of action of microbial feed additives on the antioxidant system has been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2021
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18. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics for the improvement of metabolic profiles in patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
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Zheng, Hui Juan, Guo, Jing, Wang, Qiuhong, Wang, Liansheng, Wang, Yahui, Zhang, Fan, Huang, Wei-Jun, Zhang, Wenting, Liu, Wei Jing, and Wang, Yaoxian
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META-analysis , *PROBIOTICS , *CHRONIC kidney failure , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *CHRONICALLY ill , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors , *PREBIOTICS - Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to quantify the effects of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as lipid profiles among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Electronic databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Database, and the Web of Science were searched from January 1, 2000, to May 15, 2019. All RCTs that investigated the effect of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics on a circulating (serum and plasma) inflammatory marker (C-reactive protein [CRP]), oxidative stress indicators (malondialdehyde [MDA], glutathione [GSH], and total anti-oxidant capacity [TAC]); and lipid profiles (total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TG], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-c], and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-c]) among patients with CKD were included. Data were pooled and expressed as a standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The protocol for this meta-analysis is registered with PROSPERO; No. CRD42019139090. Thirteen trials that included 671 patients were identified for analysis. The methodological quality varied across studies. Meta-analysis indicated that microbial therapies significantly reduced CRP (SMD, −0.75; 95% CI, −1.03 to −0.47; p = 0.000), MDA (SMD, −1.06; 95% CI, −1.59 to −0.52; p = 0.000), TC (SMD, −0.33; 95% CI, −0.52 to −0.13; p = 0.000), and LDL-c (SMD, −0.44; 95% CI, −0.86 to −0.02; p = 0.000) levels; they also increased the GSH (SMD, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.65; p = 0.000), TAC (SMD, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.07 to 1.15; p = 0.000), and HDL-c (SMD, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.87; p = 0.000) levels in CKD patients, as compared to the placebo groups; however, there was no statistically significant TG concentration among patients with CKD. Subgroup analyses showed that other key factors, such as the duration of intervention, participants' baseline body mass index (BMI), type of intervention, and age, had an effect of microbial therapies on outcomes. This meta-analysis supports the potential use of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic supplements in the improvement of established biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as lipid profiles among patients with CKD, which are well-known cardiovascular risk factors. Further research into these interventions should consider the limitations of our study to explore the effect of long-term administration of these supplements in the CKD population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2021
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19. Efficacy of synbiotic supplementation in obesity treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.
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Hadi, Amir, Alizadeh, Kimia, Hajianfar, Hossein, Mohammadi, Hamed, and Miraghajani, Maryam
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META-analysis , *UBIQUINONES , *BODY composition , *BODY weight , *AMED (Information retrieval system) , *OBESITY , *CLINICAL trials , *WAIST circumference , *OBESITY treatment , *RESEARCH , *RESEARCH methodology , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *EVALUATION research , *MEDICAL cooperation , *DIETARY supplements , *COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
Several investigations have been reported the beneficial effects of synbiotic in participants with obesity, but these findings have been inconsistent. Therefore, we systematically reviewed available randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to elucidate the overall effects of synbiotic supplementation on anthropometric indices among participants with overweight or obesity. Five electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched up to October 2018. All RCTs using synbiotic supplements to treat obesity included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Weighted mean difference (WMD) was pooled using a random-effects model. The present meta-analysis of 23 randomized trials indicated that supplementation with synbiotic can decrease body weight (WMD: -0.80 kg; 95% CI: -1.56 to -0.03, p = 0.04) and WC (WMD: -2.07 cm; 95% CI: -3.11 to -1.03, p < 0.001). In contrast, synbiotic did not have favorite effects on BMI (WMD: -0.12 kg/m2; 95% CI: -0.40 to 0.16, p = 0.39) and body fat (WMD: 0.02%; 95% CI: -1.27 to 1.87, p = 0.74) compared with the placebo group. Meta-regression analyses revealed that the dosage of probiotic did not have any effect on anthropometric measures. Based on our findings, modulation of gut microbiota composition through synbiotic supplementation might have modest effects on body weight and waist circumference. In this field, however, our knowledge is progressing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2020
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20. Effects of dietary synbiotic supplementation on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant status, and meat quality in Partridge shank chickens.
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Li, Jun, Cheng, Yefei, Chen, Yueping, Qu, Hengman, Zhao, Yurui, Wen, Chao, and Zhou, Yanmin
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MEAT quality , *OXIDANT status , *LIPID metabolism , *PARTRIDGES , *CHICKENS , *PROBIOTICS , *CLOSTRIDIUM butyricum , *OLIGOSACCHARIDES - Abstract
This experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of incorporating a synbiotic into diet on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant status, and meat quality in Partridge shank chickens. A total of 128 1-day-old male Partridge shank chicks were randomly divided into 2 groups, and each group consisted of 8 replicates with 8 birds each. Birds in the 2 treatments were fed a basal diet supplemented with or without 1.5 g of a synbiotic per kg of feed consisting of prebiotics (xylooligosaccharide and yeast cell wall) and probiotics (Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, and Clostridium butyricum) for 50 days. Compared with control group, supplementation with synbiotic significantly decreased feed to gain ratio during days 1–21, absolute and relative abdominal fat weight, and hepatic malondialdehyde concentration as well as plasma triglyceride concentration at 50 days of age. In addition, dietary supplemented with synbiotic had lower 24-h postmortem drip loss, cooking loss of breast muscle, whereas higher plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol level, 24-h postmortem redness, and pH of breast muscle. Dietary synbiotic supplement could promote growth performance, regulate lipid metabolism, and improve antioxidant capacity and meat quality in Partridge shank chickens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2019
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21. Effects of Immunostimulants, Prebiotics, Probiotics, Synbiotics, and Potentially Immunoreactive Feed Additives on Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus): A Review.
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Hasan, Md Tawheed, Je Jang, Won, Lee, Jong Min, Lee, Bong-Joo, Hur, Sang Woo, Gu Lim, Sang, Kim, Kang Woong, Han, Hyon-Sob, and Kong, In-Soo
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G protein coupled receptors , *PARALICHTHYS , *FLATFISHES , *PROBIOTICS , *IMMUNOLOGICAL adjuvants , *FEED additives - Abstract
Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics are considered natural functional food ingredients and an alternative feeding strategy for immunomodulation and antibiotic eradication. Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is commercially cultured in China, Japan, and Korea. Antibiotics used in flounder aquaculture produce antibiotic-resistant pathogens and residual effects on human. Prebiotics are non-digestible oligosaccharides, fermented by intestinal microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids that bind G protein receptors. Probiotics are usually incorporated into the diet at a certain concentration to alter the intestinal microbial population through colonization or implantation. Synbiotics are combinations of prebiotics and probiotics that produce synergistically better benefits than separately. Previous studies on olive flounder have revealed that various types of immunostimulants, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and potentially immunoreactive feed additives can increase growth and feed utilization; cellular and humoral immunity; immune gene expression; blood/serum biochemistry; and infectious-disease resistance. Additive concentrations, their activity, and viability after feed storage and in the intestine, and interactions with the intestinal microbial community are major limiting factors. This review summarizes and discusses changes in growth and feed utilization, innate immunity, biochemical parameters, gene transcription, and disease protection in olive flounder after diet supplementation with various types of additives. It also indicates areas needing greater attention for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2019
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22. Efficacy of synbiotic supplementation in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials: Synbiotic supplementation and NAFLD.
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Hadi, Amir, Mohammadi, Hamed, Miraghajani, Maryam, and Ghaedi, Ehsan
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FATTY liver , *ASPARTATE aminotransferase , *META-analysis , *TUMOR necrosis factors , *ALANINE aminotransferase , *CLINICAL trials , *HIGH density lipoproteins , *ANTHROPOMETRY , *BLOOD sugar , *BODY weight , *C-reactive protein , *CHOLESTEROL , *COMPARATIVE studies , *DATABASES , *DIETARY supplements , *HOMEOSTASIS , *INFLAMMATION , *INSULIN , *INSULIN resistance , *LIPIDS , *LOW density lipoproteins , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *RESEARCH , *TRIGLYCERIDES , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *EVALUATION research , *BODY mass index , *WAIST circumference - Abstract
Objective: We systematically reviewed available randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to elucidate the overall effects of synbiotic supplementation in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of science and Google Scholar were searched up to December, 2017. All RCTs using synbiotic supplements to treat NAFLD included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Mean Difference (MD) was pooled using a random-effects model. Results: Eleven eligible databases from seven RCTs were identified for the present meta-analysis. Our results showed that synbiotic supplementation can decrease body weight, fasting blood sugar, insulin, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor alpha, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels among patients with NAFLD. In contrast, synbiotic did not have favorable effects on body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels compared with the placebo group. Conclusion: The current study revealed that synbiotic supplementation has favorable effect on inflammatory factors, liver enzymes and some anthropometric indices, lipid profiles and glucose homeostasis parameters in patients with NAFLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2019
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23. The Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation on Body Mass Index, Metabolic and Inflammatory Biomarkers, and Appetite in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Triple-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.
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Rabiei, Samira, Hedayati, Mehdi, Rashidkhani, Bahram, Saadat, Navid, and Shakerhossini, Rahebeh
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APPETITE , *BIOMARKERS , *BLOOD sugar , *DIETARY supplements , *INSULIN resistance , *STATISTICAL sampling , *WEIGHT loss , *METABOLIC syndrome , *BODY mass index , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *PROBIOTICS - Abstract
It has been shown recently that metabolic syndrome is associated with gut dysbiosis. The gut microbiota may be the main target for prevention or treatment of metabolic syndrome. We investigated the effects of synbiotic supplementation on metabolic syndrome. In this triple-blinded clinical trial, 46 Iranian patients with metabolic syndrome, from both sexes, aged 25-70 years, who fulfilled inclusion criteria were randomly categorized to receive either the synbiotic or a placebo capsule, twice a day for three months, plus a weight-loss diet using stratified random sampling based on body mass index (BMI). Each synbiotic capsule consisted of seven strains probiotic bacteria (2× 108) plus fructooligosaccharide as a prebiotic. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical tests were assessed at baseline and at the end of week 12 for fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, lipid profile, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), peptide YY (PYY), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). The mean changes of weight, BMI, FBS, insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and GLP-1 between the two groups was statistically significant (p <.001). Furthermore, peptide YY (PYY) increased significantly in the synbiotic group (p ≤.05). The trend of weight loss in the synbiotic group was significant until the end of the study (p <.001) while it stopped at week 6 in the placebo group. Synbiotic treatment may improve the status of BMI, FBS, insulin resistance, HOMA-IR, GLP-1, and PYY in patients with metabolic syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2019
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24. Growth performance, carcass criteria, and serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens supplemented with either synbiotic or prebiotic under hot climatic conditions.
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Abdel-Wareth, A. A. A., Hassan, H. A., Abdelrahman, W., Ismail, Z. S. H., Ali, R. A. M., Ahmed, E. A., and Lohakare, J.
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BROILER chickens , *PREBIOTICS , *DIETARY supplements , *BLOOD serum analysis , *BODY weight - Abstract
1. Two separate experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of either prebiotic or synbiotic on growth performance, carcass yield, organ weights, and serum metabolic profile of broilers under hot climatic conditions. 2. In experiment 1, 150 1-d-old Ross 308 male broiler chickens were fed dietary synbiotic (Biomin® IMBO, 0, 1 or 1.5 g kg−1 of the starter diets and 0, 0.5 or 0.75 g kg−1 of the grower diets) for 6 weeks. In experiment 2, 150 1-d-old Ross 308 male broiler chickens were fed dietary prebiotic (Mannan oligosaccharide 0, 0.5 or 1 g kg−1 of the starter diets and 0, 0.25 or 0.5 g kg−1 of the grower diets) for 6 weeks. Each treatment had 10 replicates containing 5 broiler chickens each. 3. Supplementation of synbiotic at 1 or 1.5 g kg−1 feed to broiler diets during 1-21 d and 0.5 or 0.75 g kg−1 feed, respectively, during 22-42 d improved (P < 0.01) body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and decreased (P < 0.01) abdominal fat, serum total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in experiment 1. 4. Similarly, supplementation of the prebiotic at 0.5 or 1 g kg−1 in broiler diets during 1-21 d and 0.25 or 0.50 g kg−1 feed, respectively, during 22-42 d improved (P < 0.01) body weight gain, FCR, and decreased (P < 0.01) abdominal fat, serum cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels in experiment 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2018
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25. Effect of antibiotics and synbiotic on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and faecal microbial shedding in growing-finishing pigs.
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Lei, Xin Jian, Zhang, Wan Lin, Cheong, Jin Young, Lee, Sang In, and Kim, In Ho
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ANTIBIOTICS , *SWINE nutrition , *DIETARY supplements , *PROBIOTICS ,ANIMAL research - Abstract
This study evaluated the efficacy of antibiotics and a synbiotic in growing-finishing pigs. One hundred twenty-eight pigs (25.29 ± 1.33 kg) were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments: (1) control, basal diet throughout the experiment (CON); (2) basal diet during days 0-42 and basal diet supplemented with synbiotic (1 g/kg probiotics and 1 g/kg prebiotic) during days 42-119 (CS); (3) basal diet supplemented with 1 g/kg antibiotics during days 0-42 and basal diet during days 42-119 (AC); (4) basal diet supplemented with 1 g/kg antibiotics during days 0-42 and basal diet supplemented with synbiotic during days 42-119 (AS). During days 0-42, pigs fed the AC and AS diets had higher average daily gain and gain to feed ratio compared with pigs offered CON and CS diets (P < 0.05). Pigs offered the AC and AS diets had greater (P < 0.05) apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter and gross matter (days 40-42) and lower (P < 0.05) counts of lactic acid bacteria (day 42) compared with those fed the CON and AC diets. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that supplementation with synbiotic in pigs had no effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and faecal microbial shedding after supplementation with or without antibiotics in growing phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2018
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26. Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on CD4 Cell Count in HIV-Infected Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
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Kazemi, Asma, Djafarian, Kurosh, Speakman, John R., Sabour, Parviz, Soltani, Sepideh, and Shab-Bidar, Sakineh
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THERAPEUTIC use of probiotics , *PREBIOTICS , *DIETARY supplements , *HIV infections , *HIV-positive persons , *MEDLINE , *META-analysis , *ONLINE information services , *SEX distribution , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *EFFECT sizes (Statistics) , *STATISTICAL models , *CD4 lymphocyte count , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Progressive decline in CD4 cell counts is associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression. Loss of CD4 cells might contribute to gut microbiota alteration and bacterial translocation. Probiotics, by inducing epithelial healing, may promote the restoration of the intestinal CD4+ T-cell population. The aim of this meta-analysis was to systematically review all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of probiotic/prebiotic/synbiotic supplementation on CD4 cell counts in HIV-infected patients. A systematic search of RCTs was conducted through PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases up to August 2015. Effect sizes of eligible studies were pooled using random-effects models (the DerSimonian-Laird estimator). Eleven studies with 14 treatment arms met the inclusion criteria. Pooled analysis showed no significant reduction in CD4 counts (−7.5 mg/l, p =.7) in intervention-treated individuals. Subgroup analysis on potential influencing factors highlighted sex, country of origin, study duration, and the type of intervention as having significant effects on CD4 cell counts. As a whole, the results of this meta-analysis suggested that supplementation with probiotic may not change CD4 counts. However, a significant increase in CD4 counts was seen in females and following synbiotics as opposed to treatment with pro- or prebiotics alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2018
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27. Effect of a Short-Course Treatment with Synbiotics on Plasma p-Cresol Concentration in Kidney Transplant Recipients.
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Guida, Bruna, Cataldi, Mauro, Memoli, Andrea, Trio, Rossella, di Maro, Martina, Grumetto, Lucia, Capuano, Ivana, Federico, Stefano, Pisani, Antonio, and Sabbatini, Massimo
- Abstract
Objective: We evaluated whether a short-term course with synbiotics may lower plasma p-Cresol concentrations in kidney transplant patients (KTRs) who accumulate this uremic toxin both because of increased production by their dysbiotic gut microbiome and because of reduced elimination by the transplanted kidneys.Methods: Thirty-six KTRs (29 males, mean age 49.6 ± 9.1 years) with transplant vintage > 12 months, stable graft function, and no episode of acute rejection or infection in the last 3 months were enrolled in this single-center, parallel-group, double-blinded, randomized (2:1 synbiotic to placebo) study. Synbiotic (Probinul Neutro, CadiGroup, Rome, Italy) or placebo was taken at home for 30 days, as 5 g powder packets dissolved in water three times a day far from meals. The main outcome measure was the decrease in total plasma p-Cresol measured by high-performance liquid chromatography at baseline and after 15 and 30 days of placebo or synbiotic treatment.Results: After 15 and 30 days of treatment, plasma p-Cresol decreased by 40% and 33% from baseline (both p < 0.05), respectively, in the synbiotic group, whereas it remained stable in the placebo group. After 30 days of treatment, no significant change was observed in either group in renal function, glycemia, plasma lipids, or albumin concentration. Treatment was well tolerated and did not induce any change in stool characteristics.Conclusion: The results of this pilot study suggest that treatment with synbiotics may be effective to lower plasma p-Cresol concentrations in KTRs. Prospective larger scale, longer term studies are needed to establish whether cardiovascular prognosis could also be improved with this nutritional intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2017
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28. The Consumption of Synbiotic Bread Containing Lactobacillus sporogenes and Inulin Affects Nitric Oxide and Malondialdehyde in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
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Bahmani, Fereashteh, Tajadadi-Ebrahimi, Maryam, Kolahdooz, Fariba, Mazouchi, Marjan, Hadaegh, Haleh, Jamal, Atefeh-Sadat, Mazroii, Navid, Asemi, Shiva, and Asemi, Zatolla
- Abstract
Objectives: To our knowledge, no reports are available indicating the effects of synbiotic bread consumption on nitric oxide (NO), biomarkers of oxidative stress, and liver enzymes among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study was performed to determine the effects of the daily consumption of synbiotic bread on NO, biomarkers of oxidative stress, and liver enzymes in patients with T2DM.Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed among 81 patients with diabetes, aged 35-70 years old. After a 2-week run-in period, patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: group A (n = 27) received synbiotic bread containing viable and the heat-resistant probiotic Lactobacillus sporogenes (1 × 108 CFU) and 0.07 g inulin per 1 g, group B (n = 27) received probiotic bread containing Lactobacillus sporogenes (1 × 108 CFU), and group C (n = 27) received control bread for 8 weeks. Patients were asked to consume the synbiotic, probiotic, or control breads 3 times a day in 40 g packages for a total of 120 g/day. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after an 8-week intervention for quantificationof related markers.Results: After 8 weeks, the consumption of synbiotic bread compared to the probiotic and control breads resulted in a significant rise in plasma NO (40.6 ± 34.4 vs 18.5 ± 36.2 and -0.8 ± 24.5 µmol/L, respectively, p < 0.001) and a significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (-0.7 ± 0.7 vs 0.6 ± 1.7 and 0.5 ± 1.5 µmol/L, respectively, p = 0.001). We did not find any significant effect of the synbiotic bread consumption on plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC), plasma glutathione (GSH), catalase, serum liver enzymes, calcium, iron, magnesium levels, and blood pressure compared to the probiotic and control breads.Conclusion: In conclusion, consumption of the synbiotic bread for 8 weeks among patients with T2DM had beneficial effects on plasma NO and MDA levels; however, it did not affect plasma TAC, GSH, catalase levels, serum liver enzymes, calcium, iron, magnesium levels, and blood pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2016
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29. Synbiotics for decreasing incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis among preterm neonates - a randomized controlled trial.
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Nandhini, L. P., Biswal, Niranjan, Adhisivam, B., Mandal, Jharna, Bhat. B, Vishnu, and Mathai, Betsy
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NEONATAL necrotizing enterocolitis , *NEWBORN infants , *PREMATURE labor , *PROBIOTICS , *SEPSIS , *BREAST milk , *COMPARATIVE studies , *DIETARY supplements , *ENTERAL feeding , *GESTATIONAL age , *PREMATURE infants , *PREMATURE infant diseases , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *RESEARCH , *STATISTICAL sampling , *EVALUATION research , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *DISEASE incidence , *PREVENTION - Abstract
Objective: To study the effect of synbiotics in reducing incidence and severity of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) among preterm neonates.Methods: This randomized controlled trial conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital, south India, included 220 enterally fed preterm neonates who were randomized to receive either synbiotics or no intervention. The synbiotic contained Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and fructo-oligosaccharide. The demographic parameters, risk factors for NEC and outcome including incidence of NEC, its severity, sepsis and mortality were evaluated.Results: Multiple pregnancies, preeclampsia and prolonged rupture of membranes were important maternal characteristics. The average birth weight and gestational age of the preterm neonates was 1.4 kg and 31 weeks, respectively. There was a 50% reduction in the incidence of NEC of all stages in preterm infants who received synbiotics compared to the non-intervention group (7.4% versus 14.5%). Administration of synbiotics did not reduce the severity of NEC, sepsis or mortality.Conclusion: Enteral supplementation of synbiotics along with breastmilk results in a tendancy to decrease the incidence of NEC among preterm neonates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2016
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30. Microbiota in health and irritable bowel syndrome: current knowledge, perspectives and therapeutic options.
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Bonfrate, Leonilde, Tack, Jan, Grattagliano, Ignazio, Cuomo, Rosario, and Portincasa, Piero
- Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is a natural reservoir of microbiota. The gut is germ-free at birth, but rapidly becomes host to various bacteria establishing a progressively mutual relationship. The composition of gut microbiota is individual-specific and depends on the genotype of the host and environmental factors. Novel techniques have been used to characterize gastrointestinal microbiota, including genomic approaches. The bacterial profile shows that dominant and minor phyla are present in the gastrointestinal tract. From the proximal to the distal segments of the gut the bacterial density gradually increases, reaching an estimated 1011 to 1012 bacteria per gram of colonic content. Dynamic interactions between gut and microbiota play a physiological role in metabolic, protective and structural functions, while dysbiosis contributes to several diseases. Microbiota appear to play a role in IBS, where qualitative and quantitative changes of bacteriaoccur in IBS subtypes. Initial therapeutic approaches in IBS have focused on microbiota. The relationship between perturbations of the microbiota, mucosal inflammation and IBS remains to be further investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2013
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31. The effects of synbiotic supplementation on some cardio-metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese children: a randomized triple-masked controlled trial.
- Author
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Safavi, Morteza, Farajian, Sanam, Kelishadi, Roya, Mirlohi, Maryam, and Hashemipour, Mahin
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DIETARY supplements , *HEART metabolism , *OVERWEIGHT children , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *PROBIOTICS , *LIPIDS in human nutrition , *WAIST circumference - Abstract
Recent studies have suggested some beneficial effects of probiotics on controlling excess weight in adults; such experience is limited in the pediatric age group. This study aimed to assess the anti-obesity and lipid-lowering effects of a synbiotic supplement among children and adolescents. We conducted a randomized triple-masked controlled trial among 70 participants aged 6-18 years with body mass index (BMI) equal or higher than 85th percentile. They were randomly assigned to two groups of equal number to receive synbiotic or placebo for 8 weeks. At the end of the trial, decrease in BMI Z-score, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio were significantly higher in the synbiotic group than in the placebo group. Likewise, synbiotic group had significant decrease in serum triglycerides, total- and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels. The beneficial effects of a synbiotic supplement on controlling excess weight and some cardio-metabolic risk factors among children and adolescents can be considered in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2013
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32. Effects of synbiotic supplementation on lactating mothers' energy intake and BMI, and infants' growth.
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Ostadrahimi, Alireza, Nikniaz, Leila, Mahdavi, Reza, Hejazi, Mohammad Amin, and Nikniaz, Zeinab
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DIETARY supplements , *LACTATION , *BODY mass index , *MATERNAL nutrition , *INFANT growth , *NUTRITIONISTS , *FOOD science - Abstract
In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 80 lactating mothers were randomly divided into two groups to receive daily supplement of synbiotic ( n = 40) or a placebo ( n = 40) for 30 days. Information on dietary intake was collected and anthropometric measurements were taken using standard calibrated instruments . Data analysis was carried out using nutritionist IV, SPSS and Epi Info software. Synbiotic supplementation resulted in a slight increase in mean energy intake while, in the placebo group, maternal energy intake decreased significantly ( p < 0.023). Although maternal weight and BMI increased slightly in the supplemented group, these two parameters decreased significantly in the placebo group ( p < 0.01). Also, infants' weight gain in the synbiotic group was significantly higher than the placebo group after the intervention ( p < 0.044). Synbiotics may prevent weight loss in lactating mothers and result in weight gain in infants. Further experiments are required to study these effects in undernourished lactating mothers and their infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2013
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33. The effect of dietary protein levels and synbiotic on performance parameters, blood characteristics and carcass yields of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica).
- Author
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Sharifi, Mohammad Reza, Shams-Shargh, Mahmoud, Dastar, Behrouz, and Hassani, Saeed
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LOW-protein diet , *JAPANESE quail , *ANIMAL feeds , *LIVESTOCK carcasses , *BLOOD testing , *WEIGHT gain , *DIETARY supplements , *BLOOD cholesterol , *TRIGLYCERIDES , *PHYSIOLOGY - Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of synbiotic on performance parameters, blood characteristics and carcass yields of Japanese quails fed diets containing different levels of protein. In a completely randomized design with 3 x 3 factorial arrangements, 720- day-old healthy Japanese quails were randomly allocated into 9 groups with 4 replicates of 20 chicks. Treatments consisted of combination of 3 levels of crude protein (CP): A) sufficient protein diet (24%, high CP) from 0 to 42 days of age; B) low protein diet (22.08%, low CP) from 0 to 42 days of age; C) sufficient protein diet from 0 to 21 days-low protein diet from 21 to 42 (medium CP) days of age and three levels of synbiotic, without, recommended and 150% of recommended levels, respectively. The results showed that there were no significant differences in feed conversation ratio, feed intake and body weight among treatments due to the interaction of CP and synbiotic levels. However, body weight and daily weight gain and feed conversation ratio improved (P<0.05) for bird fed medium and high CP compared with birds fed low CP in diet. The level of serum triglyceride decreased significantly (P<0.05) by adding different levels of synbiotic in diet. However, the effects of synbiotic supplementation on other blood parameters (cholesterol, total protein serum, uric acid, HDL and LDL) were not statistically significant among the groups (P>0.05). The effect of CP and synbiotic levels on the carcass yields of quail were not statistically significant (P>0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2011
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34. Double benefit claims for antimicrobial and antioxidative probiotic.
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Mikelsaar, Marika, Hütt, Pirje, Kullisaar, Tiiu, Zilmer, Kersti, and Zilmer, Mihkel
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LACTOBACILLUS , *PROBIOTICS , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases , *ANTI-infective agents , *BACTERIA , *HELICOBACTER pylori , *OXIDATIVE stress , *THERAPEUTICS , *ANTIBIOTICS - Abstract
This paper describes the in vitro assessment of the functional properties of probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3 (DSM14241) and evaluates the possibility for enhancement of the antioxidative activity of the human organism colonized or not with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) through the use of the synbiotic comprising L. fermentum ME-3, Lactobacillus paracasei 8700:2 and Bifidobacterium longum 46 with Raftilose P95 in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled volunteer cross-over trial. In vitro the probiotic strain ME-3 suppressed both clinical and reference strains of Hp and expressed the highest antioxidative activity among the probiotic bacteria. In a volunteer trial the consumption of the synbiotic suppressed the oxidative stress indices in healthy volunteers colonized or not with Hp. However, this beneficial effect was apparent without systemic antimicrobial influence of probiotic bacteria on Hp colonization. This suggests the possibility to apply the probiotic strain ME-3 with double health claims for reduction of the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the composition of the synbiotic as an adjunct to Hp antimicrobial therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2008
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