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Nano TiO2 was dispersed in ethylene glycol (EG) by the replacement of dispersion medium from water sol. EG/TiO2 suspension was well stabilized by the electrostatic repulsive force when pH value of suspension was less than 4.3. In situ polymerization starting from bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) and EG/TiO2 suspension was carried out to prepare a series of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/TiO2 nanocomposites. Under highly acidic conditions, 97% particles dispersed in PET matrix had the size less than 100 nm. With the increase of pH value, aggregation occurred and larger size particles appeared. A tensile test showed that Young's modulus of PET was increased by the addition of nano TiO2 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report three cases of malunion after fractures of the proximal phalangeal neck in children. A 12-year-old boy and a 7-year-old girl had malunited fractures with dorsal and ulnar deviation of their fingers. Several years later remodeling had been achieved well for dorsal deviation but little for the ulnar deviation in each case. A 10-year-old boy had a similar malunited fracture with dorsal and ulnar deviation of his finger. The proximal bony spike, which protruded to the volar side, collided with the middle phalanx during flexion of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint, so we shaved it. One year after operation, flexion of the PIP joint had improved. In cases of these malunited fractures in children, remodeling is considered possible for dorsal deviation but difficult for ulnar deviation. Surgical shaving of the protruding bone should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the long-term result of operative treatment of a flexion contracture of the fingers resulting from sarcoidosis, in which the contracture recurred. Even with complete excision of the granulomatous lesion, a new lesion may appear in a previously healthy area, so a radical cure by operation alone is difficult. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]