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Abalone is a gourmet seafood with a high commercial value, particularly when obtained as a live product. During live transportation, abalone encounter stressors causing biochemical modifications to tolerate the changes. Using semi-targeted metabolomics, this study characterised the left and right gill metabolite profiles of Blackfoot abalone, Haliotis iris, following transportation (48 h) and recovery (48 h). This study reports the association between left and right gill metabolites, to enhance our physiological understanding of the interplay between gills. The left gill metabolites are mainly active following transportation, while both gills partake in the metabolite response following recovery. Transportation necessitated increased metabolites linked to the glycolysis pathway, the Krebs cycle, amino acid, and nucleotide metabolism, for energy production, achieved via aerobic and anaerobic pathways. The recovery phase supported the replenishing of glycogen, triglycerides, and protein stores, albeit metabolic homeostasis was not achieved following two-days of water immersion recovery. This study showcases the well-adapted metabolic mechanisms implemented by H. iris in response to transportation stress and show that metabolites are in the process of returning to the same concentrations as measured pre-transport stress. The findings herein can be applied to improve animal health during transport and subsequent survival, which in-effect supports profitability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The endemic, green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus), trademarked as Greenshell™ mussel, contributes most to the New Zealand aquaculture industry based on tonnage and export value. Research on mussel immunity is motivated greatly by economical and biosecurity necessities. Indeed, mussel aquaculture is threatened by pathogenic micro-organisms and environmental stressors. As such there is a need to understand the mechanisms that drive mussel immune responses and the associated interactions with the environment. Specifically, this review (1) analyses the existing immunological studies conducted on P. canaliculus, (2) evaluates the literature pertaining to mussel immunity at the cellular and humoral levels, (3) identifies and discusses pathogens that are relevant to P. canaliculus, (4) focuses on the virulent factors employed by mussel pathogens likely to induce diseases, (5) provides a comprehensive analysis of the response mechanisms employed by mussels to various stressors, and (6) explores omics applications and future perspectives in mussel immunology. Finally, this review highlights various strategies from immunological research, such as gene rearrangement, probiotics, immunostimulants, and selective breeding, promising to enhance mussel health and resilience in aquaculture. By exploring these immunological findings and their practical applications, this review contributes to sustainable mussel aquaculture, improving productivity and disease management in the industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The New Zealand Journal of Marine & Freshwater Research presents a special issue dedicated to selected papers from the 11th International Abalone Symposium, focusing on 'Abalone research in a changing world'. The symposium, held in Tāmaki Makaurau (Auckland), New Zealand, featured a diverse range of topics including fundamental biology, commercial fisheries, aquaculture, and cultural knowledge, with contributions from 220 delegates representing 15 countries. The 16 manuscripts in this special issue cover various aspects of abalone research, such as production figures, restoration efforts, dietary interventions, co-culturing, omics applications, age determination, and fisheries management, showcasing a global perspective on species like Haliotis asinina, H. iris, H. laevigata, and others. The editorial team expresses gratitude to the authors, reviewers, and publishing team, hoping that this collection of research will inspire future endeavors to support the success of abalone. [Extracted from the article]