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A comprehensive study on essential oil samples extracted from Ridolfia segetum Moris (Apiaceae) collected in Tarquinia (Italy) is reported. In this study, a 30-hour, fractionated, steam distillation procedure for essential oil preparation was applied. The gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry analysis showed monoterpene o-cymene and phenylpropanoid dill-apiol as the major essential oil's constituents revealing a new chemotype dependent on extraction duration. Great impact of the duration of the distillation process on chemical profile of essential oil was observed; prolonged distillation gives chemically more diverse essential oil samples. Preliminary microbiological evaluations of the essential oils samples revealed some activity, although not high, against Candida albicans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An ever-increasing incidence of skin neoplastic diseases is registered. Therefore, it is important to protect the skin from the UV radiation that reaches the epidermis and dermis but also to block ROS generated by them. Our attention was attracted in developing new compounds provided with both UV filtering and antioxidant capacities. To this end, 2-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid (PBSA), a known UV filter, was selected as lead compound for its lack of antioxidant activity, high water solubility and good safety profile. PBSA was sequentially modified introducing hydroxyls on the phenyl ring and also substituting the functional group in position 5 of the benzimidazole ring. At the end of the synthetic study, a new, very potent class of antioxidants has been obtained. Surprisingly some of the developed molecules, while devoid of significant UV-filtering activity was endowed with potent UV-filtering booster capability if associated with known commercial UVB and UVA filters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is an innovative, green, reliable, and rapid method for the characterization of complex sugar mixtures. For research into sustainable nontimber forest products,Adansonia digitatadry fruit pulp in this proof-of-concept study was used to demonstrate this method due to its reported high nutritional value and prebiotic activity. Chromatographic separations were performed on (20 × 10 cm2) HPTLC glass plates with diol stationary phase, using a 15-step gradient by mixing solutions acetone/acetonitrile 1:1, and ultrapure water for enzymatic degradation products. Instead, monosaccharide moieties were separated on HPTLC silica gel 60 F254over isocratic mode with 80 mm of eluent front composed of acetonitrile/acetic acid/water 63/33/5 v/v/v. Identification and quantification were performed by densitometry acquisitions at 400 nm after opportune derivatization. Our research highlighted that this technique can be used as a standard method to gain new insights into inulin determinations, with several advantages over existing conventional liquid chromatography. The development of innovative methods for the characterization of biopolymers is crucial, for food and nutraceutical industry and for quality control of phytochemicals. Characterization of such materials, up until now, has been done by mass difference and so accurate analytical methods were lacking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis of model 7 deazapurine derivatives related to tubercidin and toyocamycin has been performed. Tubercidin derivatives were obtained by simple conversion of the amino group of the heterocyclic moiety of the starting 7-deazadenosine compounds, into a hydroxyl group. Preparation of toyocamycin derivatives was accomplished by treatment of the silylated 6-bromo-5-cyanopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one with 1-O-acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-d-ribofuranose. The glycosylation reaction afforded a mixture of 8-bromo 7-cyano 2',3',5' tri-O-benzoyl 7-deazainosine and 6-bromo-5-cyano-3-(2',3',5'-tri-O-benzoyl-β-d-ribofuranosyl)pyrrolo[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-4-one isomers: The structures were assigned on the basis of NMR spectroscopy studies. Next deprotection treatment gave the novel 7-deazainosine ribonucleosides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]