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Abstract The quality of dehydrated vegetables is affected by the degree to which they are returned to their original state during rehydration (restorability). At present, whether this mechanism occurs at the cell-wall or cell-membrane level is unclear. This paper reviews the important factors affecting the mechanism of dehydration–rehydration, focusing on the analysis of the composition and structure of the cell wall and cell membrane, and summarizes the related detection and analytical techniques that can be used to explore the mechanisms of dehydration–rehydration at the cell-wall and cell-membrane levels. The integrity and permeability of the cell membrane affect water transport during the dehydration–rehydration process. The cell wall and cell membrane are supporting materials for tissue morphology. The arabinan side chains of the primary structure and fibers are important for water retention. Water transport may be classified as symplastic and apoplastic. Cell membrane disruption occurs with symbiotic transport but increases the drying rate. An in-depth analysis of the dehydration–rehydration mechanism of vegetables will help develop and improve their processing methods and inspire new applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global well-posedness as well as long-term behavior in terms of mean random attractors and invariant measures are investigated for a class of stochastic discrete reaction-diffusion equations defined on Z k with a family of superlinear noise. The existence and uniqueness of weak pullback mean random attractors for the mean random dynamical system associated with the non-autonomous equations are established in L 2 (Ω , ℓ 2). The existence of invariant measures for the autonomous equations is established in ℓ 2 by Krylov-Bogolyubov's method. The idea of uniform estimates on the tails of solutions is employed to establish the tightness of a family of distribution laws of the solutions. It seems that this is the first time to study the random attractors and invariant measures of stochastic equations with superlinear noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yeast is a fungus that is widely applied in the food industry to produce yeast-raised bread and fermented alcoholic beverages, sausages, and dairy products. The growth and applications of yeast strains are affected by physicochemical factors, such as temperature, pH, and osmotic pressure. Mutagenesis, protoplast fusion, hybridization, genome shuffling, and structural synthetic biotechnology can be used to improve the tolerance of yeast to these physicochemical factors and alcohol to increase their flavor and ethanol production and positively influence wine color and antioxidant properties. Engineered strains exhibit a more effective metabolic activity under polar conditions and can improve the function and quality of fermented foods. This may pave the way for increasing the utilization value of yeast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the random dynamics of the N-dimensional stochastic Schrödinger lattice systems with locally Lipschitz diffusion terms driven by locally Lipschitz nonlinear noise. We first prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions and define a mean random dynamical system associated with the solution operators. We then establish the existence and uniqueness of weak pullback random attractors in a Bochner space. We finally prove the existence of invariant measures of the stochastic equation in the space of complex-valued square-summable sequences. The tightness of a family of probability distributions of solutions is derived by the uniform estimates on the tails of the solutions at far field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]