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The concept of prospective memory has been suggested as a way of theorising the importance of forward-looking memory in mediated accounts of past events. As yet, however, there was insufficient work to analyse the relationship between retrospective and prospective memory especially in collaborative journalistic cultures where one might expect the importance of prospective memory to be significant. Here, we apply the concept of mediated prospective memory, together with retrospective memory, to understand the commemoration of the end of the Second World War in China. We compare the commemoration—or indeed the absence of commemoration—in the People's Daily over the last seven decades, showing how the Second World War was retrospectively remembered, which remaining geopolitical or domestic tasks the Chinese people were reminded of prospectively, and how retrospective memory has been reinterpreted over time in order to construct a narrative suiting the perceived changing needs of the future. Through doing so we contribute methodological and conceptual resources for the analysis of the relationship between retrospective and prospective mediated memory and commemorative journalism beyond China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the non-Bragg (NB) scattering due to breaking waves as measured by the C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is investigated using more than 300 Gaofen-3 (GF-3) SAR images, which were acquired in quad-polarization stripmap (QPS) mode, that is, co-polarization [vertical–vertical (VV) and horizontal–horizontal (HH)] and cross-polarization [vertical–horizontal (VH) and horizontal–vertical (HV)]. First, the quality of SAR-based wind estimation is checked against the Haiyang-2B (HY-2B) scatterometer and European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA-5), indicating a wind speed accuracy of 1.62 m s−1 root-mean-square error (RMSE) and a 0.89 correlation. Then, the SAR-derived wind and HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) sea surface current are used to simulate Bragg resonant roughness. The non-polarized (NP) wave breaking contribution σwb on co-polarized SAR-measured normalized radar cross section (NRCS) σ0 is studied, which is derived using two methods: an approach of the Bragg theory and empirical function. Numerical simulations are contrasted with actual SAR measurements: they show that the theoretical-based approach provides accurate enough simulations of the NP contribution, especially at the HH-polarization channel. To deeply understand the behavior of sea surface scattering under breaking conditions, the third-generation WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) model is used to simulate wake-breaking parameters, i.e. whitecap coverage (WCC), whitecap foam thickness (WCT) and whitecap breaking height (WCH), which are then collocated with SAR images. The difference between simulated co-polarized NRCS and the measured one versus sea surface dynamics parameters (i.e. SAR-derived wind speed, HYCOM sea surface speed, and WW3-simulated significant wave height) shows that NP enhances HH-polarized backscattering, while it damps the VV-polarized backscattering. In addition, the contribution of σwb could be ignored for WCC and WCT larger than 15 × 10−3 and 40 × 10−3 m, respectively. Moreover, the ratio reduces with the increasing WCH greater than 2.0 m; in particular, the ratio likely remains to be 0.1 as WCH is greater than 2.5 m. Generally, the HH-polarized backscattering is relatively sensitive with the wave-breaking parameters; however, this behavior has to be further studied utilizing buoy-measured wave breaking data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The antistatic coatings were prepared by using rare earths modified BaTiO3powders as conductive fillers instead of the traditional metal additives. The composition and preparation technology of the antistatic coatings were researched. The effects of thinner, curing agent, dispersant, and conductive fillers on surface resistance and performances of the antistatic coatings were studied. The determined composition of the antistatic coatings was that of epoxy resin 10.00 g with curing agent 13%, BaTiO3powders 5%, dispersant 2%, and thinner 4 ml g−1. FTIR and SEM analyses illustrated that the dispersant agent and ultrasonic can make modified BaTiO3powders in the coatings to disperse completely. The parameters of antistatic coatings were as following: surface resistance is 1.18 × 1010 Ω, dry time is 6.0 h, solid content is 94.0%, stiffness is 0.419, viscosity is 255 s, adhesive force is 3, and flexibility is 2. The antistatic coatings were prepared by using rare earths modified BaTiO3powders will be prospective candidates for reducing static electricity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecotoxicity of nanoparticles has received growing attention in recent years. This study investigated the influence of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) on earthworm Eisenia fetida. The experiment was performed with five test groups: control (without Ag-NP), 10 nm Ag-NP groups (20, 100 or 500 mg kg−1) and positive control (787 mg kg−1 AgNO3). After 14-day acute exposure, activities of various enzymes, including glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), acid phosphatase (AP), and Na+, K+-ATPase were determined. Effects of Ag-NP with different sizes (10 and 80 nm) were also tested. Data showed that the activity of GR was significantly lower at 500 mg kg−1. The activities of AP and Na+, K+-ATPase were inhibited following the increase of Ag-NP concentration. When treated with Ag-NP with different sizes, activities of AP and Na+, K+-ATPase of the 10 nm group were significantly lower than the control group, but those of the 80 nm group were similar to the control group. Data indicate that Ag-NP may be harmful to the earthworm E. fetida at 500 mg kg−1, and the toxicity of Ag-NP with 10 nm size is greater than 80 nm. In addition, AP and Na+, K+-ATPase are sensitive biomakers to the effects of Ag-NP. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]