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Research on youth unemployment in South Africa has largely been dominated by quantitative accounts that highlight skills' mismatches, educational levels and industrial transformations. Missing from these is a sense of how youth navigate labour markets and why they might choose to abandon the job search. Based on qualitative interviews with youth from an urban township, this article examines the obstacles they face searching for stable employment and their experiences of the labour market itself. It calls attention to two significant, and largely unexplored, issues affecting young people's relationship to labour markets. First is the role of place-based identities and the stigmatisation associated with representations of place. Second is how low-wage, insecure work acts as a disincentive for remaining in the labour market. For many young people, wage work is rarely experienced as dignified or fulfiling, nor does it provide the resources required for transitions to adulthood. Building on Kathi Weeks's concept of "anti-work politics," it proposes improvements to the quality of existing work and the need to expand social protections to young people. It contributes to a broader geographical literature on labour market segmentation, by highlighting how cultural representations of place affect young people's employment prospects and work identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For many veterans returning from wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, homecoming is an encounter with an unrecognisable former homeland that has become a place of uncertainty and confounding moral landscapes. Within the liminal space of combat deployment, occupying soldiers cross thresholds which confound established moral worlds and problematise notions of purpose. Through acts of transgression, temporality and ratiocination are challenged and reconfigured. Applying the analytic of 'thresholds' to theorise about these encounters, this paper draws from 18 months of fieldwork with repatriated American veterans as well as my own experience as a veteran of the war in Afghanistan. As a concept, thresholds elucidate the intensity and permanence of the embodied phenomenological encounters that epitomise contemporary wartime soldiering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Research suggests sleep disturbance plays a role in depression and risk for suicidal behavior (i.e., ideation, attempts, death by suicide). How sleep disturbance affects suicide risk is unclear and one's ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) may help explain this relation. This study examined associations between sleep problems, ADLs, and either depressive symptoms or suicide risk among older adults. We hypothesized that ADLs would mediate relations between sleep problems and depressive symptoms and suicide risk. Method: Participants (N = 134; age ≥65) were recruited through Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Participants completed questionnaires that assessed insomnia symptoms, nightmares, ADLs, depressive symptoms, and suicidal behaviors. Results: Nightmares were associated with depressive symptoms and suicide risk but not independently associated with ADLs. Insomnia symptoms were associated with depressive symptoms, suicide risk, and ADLs. ADLs mediated the relation between insomnia symptoms and depressive symptoms. The insomnia symptom--suicidal behavior relation and the nightmare--suicidal behavior relation were significantly mediated by a pathway containing ADLs and depressive symptoms. Discussion: ADLs help explain how insomnia symptoms and nightmares confer suicide risk among older adults, either independently or in association with depressive symptoms. Clinical Implications: Practitioners should attend to ADL performance when treating older adults with insomnia and depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advent of a dimensional model of personality disorder included in DSM-5 has necessitated the development of a new measurement scheme, specifically a self-report questionnaire termed the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5; Krueger, Derringer, Markon, Watson, & Skodol, 2012). However, there are many threats to the validity of a self-report measure, including response inconsistency. This study outlines the development of an inconsistency scale for the PID-5. Across both college student and clinical samples, the inconsistency scale was able to reliably differentiate real from random responding. Random responses led to increased scores on the PID-5 facets, indicating the importance of detecting inconsistent responding prior to test interpretation. Thus, this inconsistency scale could be of use to researchers and clinicians in detecting inconsistent responses to this new personality disorder measure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical hydraulic scale models are valuable tools for engineers to use when solving complex hydraulic problems. Several manuals exist to aid engineers in appropriately modelling a hydraulic structure; however, information on modelling hydraulic roughness in the current literature is scattered and incomplete. To assist the engineers in properly representing hydraulic roughness from a prototype to a scale model, a systematic approach was compiled from the available literature. A thorough literature search demonstrated that some important information was presently not available. This study investigates the hydraulic roughness scaling equations for Manning's n, focusing on accuracy and the limitations of these equations. The results of this study show that the use of these roughness scaling equations is limited to cases where prototype and model operate in the fully rough flow regime. Additionally, a procedure was developed to predict the hydraulic roughness coefficient of artificial roughness materials used in physical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The small subunit of U2AF, which functions in 3' splice site recognition, is more highly conserved than its heterodimeric partner yet is less thoroughly investigated. Remarkably, we find that the small subunit of Schizosaccharomyces pombe U2AF (U2AFSM) can be replaced in vivo by its human counterpart, demonstrating that the conservation extends to function. Precursor mRNAs accumulate in S. pombe following U2AFSM depletion in a time frame consistent with a role in splicing. A comprehensive mutational analysis reveals that all three conserved domains are required for viability. Notably, however, a tryptophan in the pseudo-RNA recognition motif implicated in a key contact with the large subunit by crystallographic data is dispensable whereas amino acids implicated in RNA recognition are critical. Mutagenesis of the two zinc-binding domains demonstrates that they are neither equivalent nor redundant. Finally, two- and three-hybrid analyses indicate that mutations with effects on large-subunit interactions are rare whereas virtually all alleles tested diminished RNA binding by the heterodimer. In addition to demonstrating extraordinary conservation of U2AF smallsubunit function, these results provide new insights into the roles of individual domains and residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital rectal examination revealed frank blood and investigations revealed a coagulopathy with a prolonged prothrombin time of 115 sec, international normalized ratio of 14.7 and activated partial thromboplastin time of 222.5 sec with normal hemoglobin concentration (125 g/L) and platelet count (199 k/uL [199 × 10 SP 9 sp /L]). Her coagulation profile showed a prolonged thrombin time (>60 sec) and less prolonged prothrombin time (28.9 sec), international normalized ratio (2.9), and partial thromboplastin time (61.3 sec). Had the activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time been normal, management would have differed as the focus would have turned to non-anticoagulant etiologies of bleeding. [Extracted from the article]