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The aim of this study was to develop hyperoside (Hyp) nanocrystals to enhance its dissolution rate, oral bioavailability and anti-HBV activity. Hyp nanocrystals were prepared using high pressure homogenization technique followed by lyophilization. A Box–Behnken design approach was employed for process optimization. The physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics and anti-HBV activityin vivoof Hyp nanocrystal prepared with the optimized formulation were systematically investigated. Hyp nanocrystals prepared with the optimized formulation was found to be rod shaped with particle size of 384 ± 21 nm and PDI of 0.172 ± 0.027. XRPD studies suggested slight crystalline change in drug. Dissolution rate obtained from Hyp nanocrystals were markedly higher than pure Hyp. The nanocrystals exhibited enhanced Cmax(7.42 ± 0.73 versus 3.80 ± 0.66 mg/L) and AUC0 − t(193.61 ± 16.30 versus 91.92 ± 17.95 mg·h/L) with a 210.63% increase in relative bioavailability. Hyp nanocrystals exhibited significantly greater anti-HBV activity than Hyp. These results suggested that the developed nanocrystals formulation had a great potential as a viable approach to enhance the bioavailability of Hyp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) on dermal delivery and therapeutic effect for frostbite of nanogel containing triterpenoids isolated fromGanoderma lucidum(GLT). Methods: GLT nanosuspension (GLT-NS) was prepared by high pressure homogenization and then suitably gelled to obtain GLT nanogel. The effects of TUS on GLT releasing from GLT nanogel and GLT permeation through the excised rat abdominal skin were evaluated. Moreover, a comparative study was also undertaken between different treatments of frostbite in rats: topical application of GLT nanogel (alone), TUS (alone) and GLT nanogel + TUS (plus). Results: In thein vitrorelease study, TUS has no influence on drug release from the nanogel. Results of thein vitrotransdermal study indicated that TUS significantly increased the cumulative amount of GLT permeating across and into the skin and reduced the lag time in comparison with passive diffusion (without TUS). As evidenced by the significant increase of wound healing area and the improvement in frostbite, TUS applied with simultaneous treatment method could improve the therapeutic effect of the GLT nanogel for frostbite. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the TUS can be effectively used to actively enhance topical delivery of GLT from nanogel and improve the therapeutic effect for frostbite in rats. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Generally, image-based evaluation on the performance of textile appearance such as smoothness and pilling was interfered by fabric pattern, color, and illumination. In this paper, a new method was used to reconstruct a 3D surface of fabric based on image’s features which could eliminate the influence of surface texture. Concretely, two parallel-placed digital cameras were calibrated based on planar pattern and the captured binocular images were rectified through epipolar line. The feature points of binocular images were extracted by the Scale-Invariant Feature Transform which could detect and describe local features of images was insensitive to transformations and colors. Based on the similarity in descriptor and a geometric constraint, pairs of sparse matched points were detected and were regarded as the source points of diffusion regions. Remaining points of the overlapped areas were then matched based on normalized cross correlation in “best-first” principle. The outputs of the system included a surface disparity map and the space coordinate of fabric. The experimental results showed that the high-fidelity 3D fabric surface reconstructed by the new method was insusceptible to fabric structures, colors, fiber contents, etc., providing available solution for the further inspection on the performance of textile appearance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Cucurbitacin B (Cu B), a potent anti-cancer agent, suffers with the problems of water-insoluble, gastrointestinal side effects and non-specific toxicity via oral administration and drawbacks in patient's compliance and acceptance through injections. An integration of nanoscale carriers with mucoadhesive buccal films drug delivery system would resolve these issues effectively with greater therapeutic benefits and clinical significance. Thus, the drug loaded mucoadhesive buccal film was developed and characterized in this study and the carboxymethyl chitosan (CCS) was chosen as a bioadhesive polymer, glycerol was chosen as a plasticizer and phospholipid-bile salts-mixed micelles (PL-BS-MMs) was selected as the nanoscale carriers. The CCS-films containing Cu B loaded PL-SDC-MMs was evaluated for the mechanical properties, mucoadhesion properties, in vitro water-uptake, in vitro release and morphological properties, respectively. The optimal CCS-films containing Cu B loaded PL-SDC-MMs was easily reconstituted in a transparent and clear solution with spherical micelles in the submicron range. The in vivo study revealed a greater and more extended release of Cu B from nanoscale CCS-films compared to that from a conventional CCS films (C-CCS-films) and oral marketed tablet (Hulusupian). The absorption of Cu B from CCS-films containing Cu B loaded PL-SDC-MMs resulted in 2.69-fold increased in bioavailability as compared to conventional tablet formulation and 10.46 times with reference to the C-CCS-films formulation. Thus, this kind of mucoadhesive buccal film might be an alternative safe route for delivery of Cu B with better patient compliance and higher bioavailability for the treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]