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Liposarcomas are rare in the orbit. We analyzed a series of primary liposarcomas to determine the features unique to the orbit. Records from 10 Chinese patients treated for primary orbital liposarcoma at Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, between September 2009 and September 2020 were reviewed. This cohort included four men and six women with age of onset ranging from 18 to 80 years. The pathology was myxoid liposarcoma in five patients, dedifferentiated liposarcoma in two patients, well-differentiated liposarcoma and pleomorphic liposarcoma in one patient each, and dedifferentiated liposarcoma and well-differentiated liposarcoma co-existing in one case. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a well-defined, irregular, or lobulated mass in the orbit, which contained components that were suppressible in the fat-suppression sequence, as well as components that were enhanced by gadolinium enhancement. Nine patients relapsed after surgery, with a mean recurrence of 2.44, and one patient was lost to follow-up. The interval between treatment and first recurrence ranged from 4 months to 16 years; 55.6% of patients with orbital liposarcoma relapsed within one year. Three patients underwent local excision alone, four patients underwent excision combined with radiotherapy, and three patients underwent exenteration. Half of the patients were misdiagnosed in the pathologic diagnosis after their first or multiple surgeries. No distant metastasis, death from tumors, or invasion of adjacent organs was observed after 21–150 months of follow-up. Orbital liposarcoma is easily misdiagnosed and prone to recurrence; however, MRI findings may help identify orbital liposarcoma prior to surgery. The optimal treatment choice remains to be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The surgical approach of acoustic neuroma includes translabyrinthine, transcranial fossa, suboccipital retrosigmoid sinus, and presigmoid retrolabyrinthine approach. Aims/Objective: To provide the anatomical basis for the surgical selection of presigmoid retrolabyrinthine approach by measuring the anatomical parameters of retrolabyrinthine space of the petrous bone by high-resolution CT. Material and methods: A retrospective study of 208 high-resolution CT (HRCT) images of 104 patients examined in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Forty-nine males and 55 females were included in this study. Lines were drawn on the HRCT to measure the morphological data for pre-operational assessment. Result: Morphological data were retracted from HRCT, for preoperational assessment. Conclusion and significance: Using the standard postprocessing images of temporal bone HRCT can predict the size of the retrolabyrinthine space and the degree of exposure to the inner auditory canal, providing an important anatomical index for the choice of presigmoid retrolabyrinthine approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conclusions: The combined analysis of axial, coronal, and sagittal planes can increase the positive rate of diagnosis for dehiscence of the facial nerve canal. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scanning of the condition of the tympanic portion of the facial nerve canal in patients with chronic otitis media. Methods: A total of 76 ears of 72 inpatients with chronic suppurative otitis media and with cholesteatoma or granulation tissues in the attic were examined by routine HRCT. The condition (including dehiscence) of the tympanic portion of the facial nerve canal observed by CT on multi-planar images and surgical findings were recorded. Results: The condition of the tympanic portion of the facial nerve canal observed by CT could be confirmed by surgical findings in 67/76 ears, but was not confirmed in 9/76 ears. Axial-transverse images could clearly show the position and length of dehiscence on the lateral wall of the facial nerve, while coronal images were superior to axial-transverse images in showing the bony circumference of the facial nerve, and sagittal images could show the inferior wall of the facial nerve canal more clearly than images on the former planes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context. Cyanide is considered one of the most lethal poisons, reports on visual changes after acute cyanide poisoning are rare due to a low rate of survival of those having committed suicides. Case details. A 30-year-old man developed visual loss in both eyes after inhaling sodium cyanide gas, but nothing abnormal was found in slit lamp microscope and indirect ophthalmoscope examinations 5 months later. In pattern visual evoked potential, the amplitude of P100 wave was apparently decreased. Humphrey perimetry examination and AccuMap multifocal visual evoked potentials objective perimetry showed severe defects of the central visual field. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed abnormal signal changes in bilateral putamen. Results of other examinations, including Farnsworth dichotomous color vision test, optical coherence tomography, retinal nerve fiber layer examination and flash electroretinography, were normal. Discussion. Although magnetic resonance imaging showed no changes in the signal of the visual pathway, clinical features and our test results suggest a possible lesion in the posterior visual pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]