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This paper outlines an experimental study on the static and dynamic compressive creep behaviour of structural silicone adhesively bonded joints. The silicone adhesives are subjected to dynamic compressive loading, which is a common case for structural façade and hybrid glazing system. Typical crack propagation of adhesives, relations between compressive load (stress) and displacement (creep strain) are examined experimentally. It is shown that the test specimen with adhesives featured by lower hardness and higher elongation at break exhibit notable crack distribution concentrated in the middle of the crack surface. The compressive behaviour consists of three regions as initial elastic, nonlinear transition and post linear, in which the latter has notable strength increase with the increase of compressive deformation. The secant compressive modulus are measured based on compressive stress and creep strain relations. It is demonstrated that the joint has higher secant compressive modulus due to less crack propagation. All test joints exhibit significant degradation of strength and energy absorption, which can be well fitted in similar exponential forms with normalized cycle numbers for test joints with different adhesives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mono-disperse droplet generation and subsequent drying in a spray-drying chamber, i.e., mono-disperse droplet spray dryer (MDDSD), provides a better-defined “flight experience” for liquid droplets. The related particle formation can be investigated more easily than that in the usual poly-disperse droplet spray dryer (PDDSD). Previously, skim milk, which is of high protein and high lactose content and is one of the two main dairy fluids that are processed into powder form for consumer markets, was subjected to this kind of investigation in Australia. Here, whole milk, which is the other main dairy fluid, has been spray-dried in a MDDSD set-up at Xiamen University (China). Because the initial droplet size is uniform, measurable, and the particle morphology after drying is consistent, it was possible to investigate the initial solids content effect upon shrinkage and inlet air temperature effect upon shrinkage. In contrast to what had been found for skim milk particles, the formation of the fat-containing (whole milk) particles does not follow the perfect shrinkage model as the skim milk does. This work has improved our quantitative understanding of the whole milk drying process. A fundamental analysis invoked with a modified one-dimensional modeling of spray drying has been given that has shown some further insight about the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Astaxanthin has stirred great interest in the research and health communities due to its antioxidant capacity and possible role in reducing the risk of some diseases. However, astaxanthin is a highly unsaturated molecule that can degrade and lose its bioactive properties during processing and storage. Microencapsulation is a possible preservation process and a product option. In this work, monodisperse astaxanthin-containing microparticles with high bioactivity retention were prepared using the monodisperse droplet drying technique. The morphology, microstructure, surface oil content, flowability, antioxidant capacity, and in vitro release properties of the microparticles were determined to test the reliability of the spray-drying technique. The results show that monodisperse astaxanthin-containing microparticles have smooth surface, low surface oil content, excellent flowability, prolonged release profile, and high antioxidant activity. The current work indicates that the monodisperse droplet spray-drying technique enhances both bioactivity retention and product properties of astaxanthin-containing microparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regenerated cellulosic fibers were successfully spun from various waste cellulose sources (cotton linter, bagasse, and cardboard) suitable for use as a textile fibers using a wet spinning process with an ionic liquid/dimethyl sulfoxide (IL/DMSO) mixture as the solvent. The solubility of the waste cellulose sources in IL/DMSO varies according to the source of the raw material. Regenerated fibers can be spun from all the waste feedstock, the spinnability and fiber tensile strength is governed by the DP and chemical composition of the cellulose. The structural properties of the spun fibers are determined by x-ray diffraction, thermalgravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscope. The results reveal that the properties of the starting materials and thus how the waste feed streams are pretreated have a significant impact on the mechanical properties, crystallite structure, thermal stability, and the morphology of the fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To investigate the effects of two different therapeutic regimes that may obtain equivalent LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction (2400 mg of Xuezhikang [XZK] per day and coadministration of 600 mg of XZK plus 10 mg of ezetimibe [EZT] per day) on plasma levels of inflammatory markers in patients with dyslipidemia. Methods: A total of 46 patients with dyslipidemia were studied and were randomly divided into the two groups: group A (2400 mg XZK per day; n = 23) and group B (600 mg XZK/10 mg EZT per day; n = 23) for 6 weeks. The plasma levels of IL-6, IL-10 and CRP were analyzed at both baseline and 6 weeks. Results: Both therapy regimes resulted in similar reductions of LDL-C (p > 0.05). Compared with baseline, both treatments significantly increased plasma IL-10 and decreased IL-6, as well as CRP levels (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively), while no difference was found between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: When achieving a similar reduction in LDL-C, coadministration of low-dose XZK and EZT could also exert anti-inflammatory effects comparable with those obtained by single high-dose XZK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]