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Objective To evaluate the regional etiology, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pattern, and risk factors in neonates with sepsis in China. Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science in December 2020. Studies of neonatal sepsis from China published between 2011 and 2020 were included. We pooled the proportion of pathogens and calculated the odds ratios of risk factors with 95% CIs using a random-effects model. Results We included 29 studies of 164,750 neonates with sepsis. The studies comprise data from 1990 to 2019. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp accounted for 33% (95% CI 24–43), 17% (13–20), and 14% (11–17), respectively. Group B streptococcus (GBS) was the predominant isolate in early-onset sepsis (EOS) (21%, 95% CI 10–31), while the proportion of CoNS was the largest in late-onset sepsis (LOS) (32%, 95% CI 22–43). Resistance of CoNS to penicillin was found in 95% (95% CI 92–98) of 511 cases and Klebsiella spp to ampicillin in 95% (95% CI 90–99) of 364 cases. Maternal underlying diseases (2.61, 95% CI 1.48–4.61), mechanical ventilation (2.41, 1.37–4.23), central venous catheter placement (2.74, 1.77–4.26), peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placement (4.26, 2.80–6.49), multiple antibiotic uses (5.35, 1.85–15.43) and total parenteral nutrition (7.96, 2.04–31.02) were risk factors of neonatal sepsis. Conclusion CoNS, E. coli, and Klebsiella spp were the predominant pathogens in neonatal sepsis in China. AMR was still a significant issue in NICUs. Total parenteral nutrition, multiple antibiotic uses, and PICC placement were the most relevant risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the vertical equal strain assumption, there are many consolidation theories of soft soil incorporating vertical drains. Because the influence of many factors is often ignored and the flow of the pore water usually happens in three-dimensional directions, analytical solutions could not be accurate enough. Because of the amount of computer storage and the computing time needed, two-dimensional finite element analysis is used to model the stone column improving the soft foundation. The embankment load is transferred to a column because of the soil arching effect. When the embankment is constructed, the settlement accounts for 64% of the total settlement, which shows that the column can reduce the post-construction settlement. The stone column's bulge is confined to a length about one to two times the diameter of the stone column away from its top, and the column at the toe would bears the shear stress to some extent. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Objective: Subdural hygroma (SDG) is a common complication that can occur after head trauma or secondary to decompressive craniectomy (DC). SDGs can be located not only ipsilateral or contralateral to the side of the DC, but also bilateral or unilateral in patients without DC. This study investigated the incidence and risk factors for different types of SDG in a large cohort of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted involving 379 adult patients with TBI who were admitted to Huashan Hospital, Fudan University between January 2009 and December 2013. As the outcome was dichotomous (SDG vs no SDG or hydrocephalus vs no hydrocephalus), multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for the development of SDGs in patients without DC, ipsilateral SDG after unilateral DC, contralateral SDG after unilateral DC or SDG after bilateral DC. Risk factors for the development of hydrocephalus were also evaluated in patients with and without DC. Results: Among the 207 (54.6%) patients without DC, 30 (14.5%) had unilateral SDGs and 34 (16.4%) had bilateral SDGs. Of the 172 patients (45.4%) with DC, 134 (77.9%) underwent unilateral DC and 38 (22.1%) underwent bilateral DC. Of the 134 patients who underwent unilateral DC, 49 developed SDG, including 22 (16.4%) ipsilateral SDG, 19 (14.2%) contralateral SDG and eight (6.0%) both ipsilateral and contralateral SDGs. For patients undergoing bilateral DC, 13 (34.2%) developed a SDG. No significant difference in the incidence of SDG was observed between the patients with and without DC (36.0% vs 30.9%, p = 0.291), but the characteristics of SDGs were different between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that factors independently associated with the development of SDG were male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 3.861; 95% CI = 1.642-9.091; p = 0.002), older age (OR = 1.046; 95% CI = 1.021-1.070; p < 0.001), basal cistern haemorrhage (OR = 4.608; 95% CI = 1.510-14.064; p = 0.007), diffuse injury and swelling (OR = 3.158; 95% CI = 1.341-7.435; p = 0.008) or diffuse injury and shift (OR = 3.826; 95% CI = 1.141-12.830; p = 0.030) in patients without DC. Temporal haematoma or contusion in the non-DC side (OR = 2.623; 95% CI = 1.070-6.428; p = 0.035) and traumatic SAH (OR = 3.751; 95% CI = 1.047-13.438; p = 0.042) were independently associated with the development of ipsilateral SDG in patients who underwent unilateral DC. However, factors independently associated with the development of contralateral SDG were frontal haematoma or contusion on the non-DC side (OR = 3.145; 95% CI = 1.272-7.774; p = 0.013) and SDH on the non-DC side (OR = 7.024; 95% CI = 1.477-33.390; p = 0.014). Only craniectomy area (OR = 1.030; 95% CI = 1.008-1.052; p = 0.008) was independently associated with the development of SDG in patients with bilateral DC. In the multivariate analysis, SDG in patients without DC was not associated with the development of hydrocephalus. However, SDG was significantly associated with the development of hydrocephalus for patients who underwent DC (OR = 2.173; 95% CI = 1.362-3.467; p = 0.001). Conclusions: This study suggested that the incidence of SDG in patients who have and have not undergone DC was identical; however, the patients' characteristics and risk factors differed. Therefore, the management and prediction of SDG should be performed according to SDG type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine natural products are promising sources of green antifoulants. Here, a new compound (1) was isolated from the soft coral Sinularia flexibilis. This compound, another nine cembranoids (2–10) from S. flexibilis, and three eunicellin-type diterpenoids (11–13) from the gorgonian Muricella sp. were tested for antifouling activity against larval settlement of the bryozoan Bugula neritina. Compounds 2, 3, 4, 9, 12, and 13 exhibited significant antifouling activity, with EC50 values of 18.2, 99.7, 67.9, 35.6, 33.9, and 49.3 μM, respectively. Analysis of the structure-activity relationships suggested that the hydroxy group at C-13 in compound 4 reduced its antifouling activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor of the digestive tract with a low 5-year survival rate due to the lack of effective treatment methods. Although therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) now play an important role in cancer therapy, effective targeted mAbs are still lacking for ESCC. B7-H3 is highly expressed in a variety of tumors and has emerged as a promising therapeutic target. Several mAbs against B7-H3 have advanced to clinical trials, but their development has not yet been pursued for ESCC. Here, we developed a humanized and Fc-engineered anti-B7H3 mAb 24F-Hu-mut2 and systematically evaluated its anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. The 24F-Hu-mut2 was humanized and modified in Fc fragment to obtain stronger antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity(ADCC) activity and nanomolar affinity. Furthermore, both of ESCC cell-derived xenograft (CDX) and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mice models indicated that 24F-Hu-mut2 displayed potent in vivo anti-tumor activity. In addition, a computational docking model showed that the mAb bound to IgC1 and IgC2 domain of B7-H3, which is closer to the cell membrane. Consistently, our ELISA results verified the binding of 24F-Hu-WT and IgC1 and IgC2. Our results indicate that 24F-Hu-mut2 has significant anti-ESCC activity both in vitro and in vivo, and this monoclonal antibody may be a promising antibody against ESCC and other B7-H3 overexpressing tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To prospectively investigate the predictive value of initial intracranial pressure (ICP) for refractory intracranial hypertension and outcomes in persons with diffuse traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in 107 adult persons with diffuse TBI (Marshall CT Class II-IV). Initial ICP was defined as the first ICP recorded in the operating room. Refractory intracranial hypertension was defined as ICP increases to more than 30 mmHg and/or reduces in cerebral perfusion pressure to less than 60 mmHg for a period longer than 15 minutes and failure to respond to the maximum medical treatment. Baseline demographics and injury-specific data were recorded. Multiple logistic regression models were used to determine independent risk factors for refractory intracranial hypertension and unfavourable outcomes. A receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was then drawn. Results: The initial ICP allowed for a better refractory intracranial hypertension prediction (ROC area = 0.868; 95% CI = 0.799-0.937) than the Marshall Classification (ROC area = 0.670; 95% CI = 0.569-0.772) or Rotterdam Classification scores (ROC area = 0.679; 95% CI = 0.577-0.780). An initial ICP value higher than 20 mmHg had 83% sensitivity and 83% specificity, whereas an initial ICP value higher than 25 mmHg had 64% sensitivity and 92% specificity for refractory intracranial hypertension. A multivariable logistic regression model showed that any 5 mmHg pressure increase in a patient with initial ICP led to 2.884-times higher odds of refractory intracranial hypertension (95% CI = 1.893-4.395; p < 0.001). Head Abbreviated Injury Scale score, initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and initial GCS motor scores were not predictive of refractory intracranial hypertension ( p > 0.05). Conclusion: For persons with diffuse TBI, the initial ICP provides great prognostic discrimination and is an independent predictor of refractory intracranial hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new triterpenoids, 25-anhydro-alisol F (1) and 11-anhydro-alisol F (2), were isolated from the rhizomes of Alisma orientalis. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel phenanthrofurans, shanciol G (1) and shanciol H (2), together with three known phenolic compounds were isolated from the tubers of Pleione bulbocodioides (Franch) Rolfe. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The crystal and electronic structures, as well as the luminescence properties of Sr2Al2− x Si1+ x O7− x N x :Eu2+ are reported. First-principles calculations energetically confirm that the Al and Si atoms are in partial ordering in the 2a and 4e sites in Sr2Al2SiO7. In addition, the band structure calculation shows that Sr2Al2SiO7 has an indirect band gap with an energy gap of about 4.07eV, which is in good agreement with the experimental data (∼5.3eV) obtained from the diffuse reflection spectrum. The crystal structure of Sr2Al2SiO7 can be modified by Si–N substitution for Al–O in the lattice with a maximum solubility of about x=0.6. The average bond length of slightly increases although the lattice parameters decrease with the incorporation of Si–N in Sr2Al2SiO7:Eu2+. Under excitation in the visible spectral region, Sr2Al2− x Si1+ x O7− x N x :Eu2+ emits blue to yellow light with a broad emission band in the range of 480–570nm, varying with both the Eu concentration and the x value. The red shift of the emission band of Eu2+ is associated with an increase in the crystal-field splitting and the covalency, which arise from the incorporation of nitrogen as well as the energy transfer between the Eu ions at high Eu concentrations. Moreover, the Eu ions have a strong effect on both the concentration quenching and the thermal quenching in Sr2Al2− x Si1+ x O7− x N x . The temperature dependence of photoluminescence indicates that Sr2Al2− x Si1+ x O7− x N x :Eu2+ shows strong thermal quenching due to the dominant nonradiative process at room temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

From the fruits of Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. a new β-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene ester named 1β,2β,13-triacetoxy-9α-cinnamoyloxy-β-dihydroagarofuran ( 1 ) has been isolated along with two known compounds, 6α-acetoxy-1β,9β-dibenzoyloxy-8β-hydroxy-β-dihydroagarofuran ( 2 ), and 1β, 6α-diacetoxy-9β-benzoyloxy-8β-hydroxy-β-dihydroagarofuran ( 3 ). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the fruits of Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb., a new dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene ester named 6α,13β-diacetoxy-1β,8β,9β-tribenzoyloxy-β-dihydroagarofuran ( 1 ) has been isolated, along with three known compounds: 1β,6α,8β-triacetoxy-9α-benzoyloxy-β-agarofuran ( 2 ), 1β,6α-diacetoxy-9α-benzoyloxy-β-dihydroagarofuran ( 3 ) and β-sitostrol ( 4 ). The structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lime treatment combined with vacuum preloading has been used in the treatment of dredging slurry for many years. Previous studies have indicated that particle grading, which is one of the essential properties of slurry, could affect the pore-size distribution and compression characteristics of slurry and thus affect the efficacy of the lime treatment and vacuum preloading. However, the effect of particle grading has not yet been examined quantitatively. This study investigated the compressibility of lime-treated slurries with different particle gradings using a one-dimensional oedometer for compression testing. A series of laboratory model tests were carried out to examine the effect of particle grading on the efficacy of lime-treated slurry with vacuum preloading. The results showed that particle grading significantly influences optimal lime content. For clay or low-plasticity silt, the optimum lime content for lime treatment combined with vacuum preloading was found to be 2%. When slurry contains increased silt and sand grains, more lime is required to achieve effective lime treatment. However, excessive lime would reduce the efficacy of lime treatment on the compressibility and permeability of the soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An integrated polishing and in-situ measurement machine tool with seven-axis and five-linkage is developed for manufacturing and measuring the complex curved surface such as blisk. Firstly, this paper introduces the structure and configuration of the machine tool. Then, the kinematic analyses of the polishing side and measuring side of the machine tool are carried out respectively and the inverse kinematic solutions of them are derived. The motion of each axis can be calculated based on the tool location of the complex curved surface through the inverse kinematic solution. Aiming at the in-situ measurement of parts with complex curved surfaces, the forward kinematic solution, the processing of measured data of blade surface and the calculation algorithm of the machining allowance are developed in the paper. Finally, the above algorithms are verified by polishing the experimental stainless-steel sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new stilbenoids, 9-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-10-(hydroxymethyl)-11-methoxy-5,6,9,10-tetrahydrophenanthro[2,3-b]furan-3-ol (1) and 2-(4''-hydroxybenzyl)-3-(3'-hydroxyphenethyl)-5-methoxy-cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (2), together with the three known stilbenoids were isolated from the tubers of Pleione bulbocodioides (Franch.) Rolfe. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new sucrose esters, β-d-(1-O-acetyl-3-O-trans-feruloyl)fructofuranosyl-α-d-2',4',6'-O-triacetylglucopyranoside (1) and β-d-(1-O-acetyl-3-O-trans-feruloyl)fructofuranosyl-α-d-2',3',6'-O-triacetylglucopyranoside (2), together with two known sucrose esters have been isolated from Sparganium stoloniferum. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current meta-analysis was conducted aiming to explore the association between pre-therapy CRP and DLBCL survival outcomes. We retrieved previously published studies available from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Wanfang databases, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases by June 2017. A total of 12 studies composed of 3000 patients were included in this study according to our selection criteria. The pooled HRs of elevated pre-therapy CRP were 2.66 (95% CI = 1.95-3.64, p < .001) for OS while 2.19 (95% CI = 1.72-2.78, p < .001) for PFS. Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis indicated that CRP remained a prognostic biomarker for OS and PFS. The pooled HR was 3.01 (95% CI = 2.38-3.81, p < .001) for OS if excluding 3 heterogeneous studies, and the heterogeneity decreased from 59.6% to 11.2%. Our study revealed that pre-therapy CRP can be a potential prognostic marker for patients with DLBCL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of admission immune cell levels in the peripheral blood in determining outcomes in patients with TBI. Method: We studied 141 adult patients with mild-to-severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 3-15). Patient outcome was assessed using the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) at 6 months post-injury. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the predictive ability of immune cell levels. Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the independent predictors of 6-month outcome. Results: We found that admission monocyte count was not only a better predictor (AUC = 0.778; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.679-0.858) of favourable outcomes (GOSE 5-8) at 6 months post-injury than were admission haemoglobin (AUC = 0.629; 95% CI, 0.522-0.728) and blood glucose (AUC = 0.616; 95% CI, 0.508-0.716) levels for patients with moderate-to-severe TBI (GCS ≤ 12), but also an independent predictor of 6-month outcome (adjusted odds ratio, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.10-1.65; p = 0.004). Conclusions: The present study suggests that an increase in admission monocyte count is correlated with a favourable 6-month outcome in patients with moderate-to-severe TBI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new iridoids, jatamanvaltrates N (1) and O (2), together with four known compounds (3–6), were isolated from the roots of Valeriana jatamansi. Their structures and relative configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic methods (IR, ESI-MS, HR-ESI-MS, 1D, and 2D NMR) and by comparison of their NMR spectral data with those of related compounds. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their neuroprotective effects, and only compound 1 showed weak neuroprotective activities. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Objectives: To estimate the incidence of coagulopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to investigate its relationship to patient outcome. Design: A prospective observational study. Measurements and main results. From January 2007 to June 2009, 242 consecutive adult patients with TBI seen in three independent hospitals were recruited. Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) on admission, platelet counts (PLT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB), d-dimer (D-DT) and DIC scores were recorded for each case on admission. Clinical outcome was measured according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at 3 months after injury. Statistical analysis was carried using Student's t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tudey test. Coagulation abnormalities were present in approximately 50%% of patients with TBI. Prolonged PT and increased D-DT and FIB levels occurred in patients with more severe brain injury and poorer outcome, and these findings were statistically significant. Conclusions: Coagulation changes, particularly the incidence of DIC, may occur within 6 h after TBI and are more pronounced in patients with severe injuries and poor outcome. PT, D-DT levels and more comprehensively a DIC scores may be useful prognostic indicators in patients with TBI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new flavonol glycosides, kaempferol-3- O -(6- trans -caffeoyl)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), kaempferol-3- O -(6- trans -caffeoyl)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranoside-7- O -β-d-glucopyranoside (2), and kaempferol-3- O -(6- trans -p-coumaroyl)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranoside-7- O -β-d-glucopyranoside (3), were isolated from the aerial part of Camptosorus sibiricus . Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 2D NMR spectral techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]