Search

Our ethical responsibilities as researchers within or related to the study of "terrorism" could not be clearer than in moments when the "terrorism" label is used to justify mass killing and destruction. The state of Israel has relentlessly continued to bombard Gaza since 7 October 2023 and, with the support of Western nations, built consensus around framing all Palestinians as (potential) terrorists. In light of the horrors that the world is witnessing today, and the lack of engagement with Palestine in Critical Terrorism Studies research, we ask, how does – and should - Palestine feature in Critical Terrorism Studies scholarship? How can we, as researchers and educators, facilitate deeper conversations that challenge hegemonic and racist framings of "terrorism"? This roundtable discussion brings critical, anti-colonial, anti-racist, feminist, and queer scholars together to discuss 1) the exclusion of Palestine from the critical study of "terrorism" and 2) the significance of the Palestinian struggle for liberation for all researchers invested in the critical study of "terrorism". We call for more serious engagement with Palestine and acknowledge that such a call is inseparable from a commitment to anti-colonial scholarship and activism.1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractMuslim women are often represented as lacking freedom of choice and agency in literary and media discourses. This supposed lack in native Muslim societies is thought to be redeemed by Western interventions by championing ideals of freedom, equality, and liberty. This assumption is problematic as it is governed by the thought that Muslim women are not “agentic” and need external forces to speak for them. It also prioritises the West as the superior other creating a vast gap between them and the rest. This may be seen as an effect of the Eurocentric or Neo-orientalist school of thought that strives at “othering” Muslims and Islam. These discourses include not only the writings of some eminent Western scholars in line with the Orientalist school of thought but Muslim writers as well. However, contrary to the majoritarian discourse, some writers debunk and subvert these stereotypes linked to Islam, offering an alternative picture of Muslims in a more nuanced way to challenge the didactics of Western superiority. To the latter scholarship belongs Sudanese-British writer Leila Aboulela and second-generation immigrant author of mixed descent Shelina Zahra Janmohamed whose writings offer a more nuanced version of Muslim women’s writing. This article assesses the engagement of freedom and agency in Aboulela’s novel Minaret (2005) and Janmohamed’s chick-lit memoir Love in a Headscarf (2009). Contrary to the prevalent discourses on Islam and Muslims these narratives posit a resistance to conforming to the Western modes of thought and conventions. This article articulates how immigrant Muslim women deny stereotypes regarding them through the choices they make. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Black Theology and Black Power (BTBP) features liberationists who are devoted to resisting liberalism's realpolitik. The decolonial implications of their devotion illustrate the necropolitical frame of reference BTBP foreshadows. Section one describes liberation as the method Black theology uses to dismiss liberal politics that displace Black death. The ideals that established conditions for norms regarding death and life are political and, as the second section shows, emblematic of liberal theories that emphasise the inviolability of the individual. The last section explains the importance of French critical theory to necropolitics through the concepts biopolitics and homo sacer. Francophone theoretical accounts of necropolitics should be celebrated neither as a novel nor as a fatalistic way to affirm decoloniality and die, sacrificially. As a result, Black theology's method can be appreciated both by theists and humanists whose death and life function as a decolonising, illiberal necropolitics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mainstream psychotherapy was not developed to address the harmful effects of systemic oppression. In addition to being largely rooted in Eurocentric values and knowledge systems, mainstream psychotherapy risks maintaining an unjust status quo rather than resisting and challenging sociopolitical oppression. Consequently, there is an urgent need for feminist intersectional models of healing that address sociopolitical power. We describe a liberation psychotherapy model that was developed to reconcile intersectional forms of power and foster conscientização, critical consciousness. This liberation psychotherapy model is theoretically grounded in liberation and critical-community psychologies and empirically derived out of qualitative data that explored expert therapists' responsible navigation of intersectional power dynamics in feminist-multicultural and humanistic-existential psychotherapies. Liberation psychotherapists aim to empower clients' exploration of their lived experiences through decolonial testimonio that supports liberatory transformation and social justice action. We illustrate examples of how a feminist liberation psychotherapy can be applied toward anti-racism and anti-oppression in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of lithium-ion battery (LiB) recyclers is to create a closed-loop process to recover and reuse all the material as secondary sources of material to manufacture new batteries. Global LiB recycling companies apply pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, or direct recycling to meet this goal. Pyrometallurgy is very energy intensive, but hydrometallurgy requires a pretreatment process and a new version of direct recycling that shows more promise for automation would also require pretreatment. Currently, recycling companies appear to favor hydrometallurgy. This review summarizes the current state of development of the pretreatment process involving battery discharging and mechanical treatment series from the literature and its application in the industry, with particular attention on Asia Pacific recyclers. The key pretreatment steps of battery discharging and mechanical treatment are the focus of this review, but pretreatment of the black mass containing cathode material prior to leaching is also included. Discharging is important to reduce the risk of fire during mechanical treatment. An interesting finding is that despite promising laboratory results, there has been no reported commercial application of battery discharging using the submersion method in an electrolyte solution. An efficient mechanical treatment of discharged batteries is essential to remove the impurities which could adversely impact the subsequent LiB processing. Research into mechanical treatment should also include a method to evaluate the liberation of material. This review has highlighted a new potential flowchart for recycling of various cathode types of LiBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whiteness is a pernicious and pervasive problem deeply rooted in the fabric of public institutions and organizations. This article critically examines the intricate interplay between whiteness, black oppression, consciousness, power dynamics, and liberation within academe. The authors interrogate the historical and socio-political foundations of whiteness and its pervasive influence on systemic marginalization and oppression. We draw from Black studies, whiteness studies, and critical race theory to both theorize constructions of whiteness and analyze its impact on Black oppression in the academy. We advocate for shifts in institutional practice preceded by shifts in consciousness that would then influence behavior. We propose two alternative models to analyze whiteness: Framework 1: explores the nature of whiteness and white normativity as embedded in a paradigm that centers power in privilege, fear, and fragility; Framework 2 puts forth a liberatory vision, one that requires a shift from privilege to environmentally sustainable living, from fragility to internal resilience, and from fear to the decolonization of the mind. These frameworks call out and seek to disrupt oppressive structures, intending to decolonize and emancipate our minds and envision ways to dismantle and disentangle ourselves from blindly obeying norms perpetrated by whiteness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hunger strikes have been central to the ways in which Palestinian prisoners confront the Israeli carceral regime; demand changes in the ways prisons are run; and demand their most basic rights. Indeed, the earliest documented hunger strike dates to as early as 1968, with demands that included refusals to address Israeli jailers with 'sir', and having access to pens and notebooks. The recent martyrdom of Khader Adnan on his eighty-seventh day of a hunger strike against his detention highlighted both Palestinian prisoners' continuous resort to hunger strikes, and Israeli violent responses to this act of confrontation whenever it is used by prisoners. Hunger strikes have been analysed and discussed by multiple scholars to shed light on this practice both in Palestine and other global sites of carcerality. The literature on hunger strikes, however, is abundant with analysis that draws on the concepts of biopolitics and necropolitics. Applying these concepts involves conceptualising prisons as sites intended for the civil and social death of prisoners, or depicts prisoners as bare life and objects of modes of management over their life and death. Yet, an approach that centres the power over life and death, and that presents freedom or its negation as that of the moment of approaching death, falls into a trap that Palestinian political prisoner Walid Daka (2021) warns of in his brief discussion of hunger strikes [from a text read as part of a conference on carcerality, entitled 'Control Through Time']. Such an analysis, for instance, views death as the sole space over which the captive body has power, as Achille Mbmebe argues in 'Necropolitics'. My article, however, seeks to investigate and discuss Palestinian prisoners' recourse to hunger strikes in a different vein. To conceptualise hunger strikes and their history in Palestine, the article argues that one has to situate the practice as part of an ever-evolving repertoire of prisoners' responses aiming to constitute political subjectivities that reject defeat, that dream and work for liberation, and that constantly counter attempts at moulding consciousness. Hunger strikes offer yet another example of prisoners' attempts to smuggle freedom from the confines of their cells. The article will engage with the long history of Palestinian prisoners' hunger strikes (collective and individual), with prisoners' own descriptions of hunger strikes, and with several theoretical and conceptual understandings of hunger strikes to shed light on this practice's political meanings. In doing so, the article hopes to situate hunger strikes within the broader sets of confrontation practices used by Palestinian prisoners, and which constantly dream, and work for, a liberated geography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liberated on August 15, 1945, Seoul was reorganized as the "capital" of the nation-state instead of a "colonial dual city." Public spaces and buildings in Gyeongseong that were built under Imperial Japan's assimilation policy were dismantled. During the national construction period, national monuments were built, and spaces for national ceremonies were established. Seoul was reshuffled into an ideological space based on the anti-communist ideology of U.S. military rule, the blockade of the 38th Parallel, and the establishment of respective governments of the two Koreas. With the formation of the global Cold War order, the aim was to unify Seoul's spatial power and compete for an inter-Korean regime. Seoul established a spatial order for right-wing nationalism through the U.S. military government and the Rhee Syng-man regime, as confirmed in the Korean literature's spatial representation during the liberation period. However, the literature of Yi Gwang-su and Yeom Sang-seop showed that Seoul functioned as a cultural contact zone during the liberation period through the spatial practice of diverse and heterogeneous subjects who did not move according to the spatial order of such right-wing nationalism. This confirms Seoul's multi-layered spatiality, where cultures, such as modern and pre-modern, Western and Eastern, empires and colonies, and leftists and rightists, are mixed and overlapped. Its spatial representation as a cultural contact zone created a rift in its spatial order, reorganized it as the capital of a nation-state and activated the literary imagination for producing diverse and heterogeneous social spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I argue for a substantive interpretation of Carlos Vaz Ferreira’s account of intellectual flourishing as intellectual liberation. For Vaz Ferreira, I argue, there is an inescapable master-slave dynamic between language and language users, so that flourishing intellectually essentially involves a type of mastery of language that frees up thinking from enslaving linguistic/conceptual confusions and thus facilitates the acquisition of truth. Central to this project are Vaz Ferreira’s most interesting, and radical, views on the nature of language signification and thus on human’s ability to accurately describe and know reality, for failing to keep these linguistic limitations in mind, Vaz Ferreira argues, is a central way for language to enslave humans to confused thinking and thus prevent their intellectual flourishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Weakened by the expansion of several imperial and colonial projects, the inhabitants of Jabal 'Amil survived as second-class citizens, severed from the urban expression of Lebanese nationalism, and having to formulate their identity amid countless transgressions on their scholarship and literary production. It is thus in the spectacles of the universe and the mysteries of the cosmos that they inscribed fragments of their oral legacy, turning the night sky into an archive that no empire could burn or colonize. And yet it is light pollution, leaking from the same cities they were once forced to nourish, that quickly established itself as the main transgressor, clearing the faintest stories in their celestial library. Although distant manifestations of Islamic cosmology could no longer animate their rural nights, new alterations in the sky after dark, no matter how violent, have proven worthy carri-ers of their modern myths and legends. And it is onto the loudest object in their polluted sky, the Israeli reconnaissance drone IAI Searcher MK, that they grafted the tale of their legendary matriarch Umm Kamel. I argue that Umm Kamel's physical and symbolic ascent into the sky was orchestrated by a modern generation of 'Amilis whose infidelity to the celestial stories authored by their ancestors fortified their ability to transform the combined pressures of pollution and colonization. United by their efforts to forge new imaginaries around a starless night, they invite reflection on the possibility (and responsibility) of confronting the sky we have together inherited rather than lamenting the one we have lost. In tracing Umm Kamel's transformation from figure to constellation, I contend that their cosmic interventions set the stage for new alliances between design and darkness, and ultimately, for a more expanded imagination of night design, particularly within the context of the climate crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prejudice against LGBTQ people during their schooling years can be detrimental due to its long-term consequences. This includes the development of beliefs that the world is unsafe, which can perpetuate mental health struggles later in life. Fostering a school environment where LGBTQ people can express their identity can contribute to greater well-being. This qualitative study drew on interviews with 13 school graduates to examine the environmental factors within Australian schools that influenced LGBTQ students’ expression of their identity. Drawing on Altman’s conceptualization of oppression and liberation, this study found students typically experienced liberation in the form of acceptance and validation within their micro-environment at school. This micro-environment was composed of those close to the student, such as friends, allies, teachers, and other LGBTQ students who provided acceptance and validation, which enabled the student to express their identity regardless of oppression within the broader school environment. Oppression on the other hand originated from the invisibility of LGBTQ identities; the limited representation in curriculum and access to LGBTQ-specific resources and supports; concerns around gendered, gender-neutral, and safe spaces; and limited support from teachers. Based on the findings, implications are drawn to enhance both the micro and macro environment for LGBTQ school students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work offers an ecocritical reading of the Holocaust from the perspective of liberator accounts concerning the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. It focuses on how Allied military personnel expressed their descriptions in two distinct ways. First, liberators offer a unique spatial orientation in their narratives, communicating values that are presented through geography and ecology. Second, the survivors were repeatedly viewed by liberators through the lens of animal metaphors, a type of zoomorphic language. This paper argues that the horrific suffering experienced by the survivors in Bergen-Belsen created a linguistic frontier or divide between themselves and Allied military personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article traces the origins and goals of the abolition movement in the United States that began during the era of chattel slavery to demonstrate that the true aspirations of this movement—a racially just society free of racism and oppression—remain aspirations that are not yet realized. Realizing these aspirations is the real work of abolition and this is the work that social work must embrace today. Yet for social work to truly work toward an anti-racist future, we must also be anti-capitalist. This requires that we work toward both the abolition of harmful, racist systems and abolition of the racial capitalism that maintains these systems. The article concludes with recommendations for scholars and leaders in human service organizations to engage in and advance this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This editorial advances the point that a dialectic of oppression and liberation, implicit in a multiplicity of objects of Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) research, qualifies as a distinctive feature of the present and future of the ICT4D field. This point builds on Qureshi's argument that the notion of 'digital transformation for development' plays a twofold role, at the intersection between enhancement of human capital and intensification of oppression over structurally silenced groups. First I illuminate the traits of a dialectic of oppression and liberation, as they are reflected in research debates that the ICT4D field has recently engaged. I then reflect on how the papers in this issue portray this dialectic, at the same time joining long-standing themes of ICT4D research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United States has been convulsed as nationwide protests and riots erupted following the murder of a Black man, George Floyd, in Minneapolis, Minnesota. On May 25, 2020, George Floyd was murdered by Minneapolis Police officer, Derek Chauvin. Chauvin was seen kneeling on Mr. Floyd's neck while he was on the ground for approximately nine minutes. In this article, the authors briefly examine the history of political activism in the United States, the impact of riots on policy change and mobilization, as well as the mental health outcomes of activism. Through an autoethnographic account of a traumatic arrest of the first author who was arrested during the protests following the murder of George Floyd, the first author reveals the power of healing through community activism. This work contributes to intellectual literature as it examines the overall benefits of activism, suggesting that participating in activism as a form of selfadvocacy and self-care is a key component of collective healing and liberation. In addition, in order to sustain one's mental health while engaged in activism, the authors share a few methods of self-care that can be used by Black people, Indigenous people, and other People of Color (BIPOC). Methodologically, it demonstrates the usefulness of autoethnography for scholars across a myriad of disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this special issue, we sought to expand and extend the work of feminist and womanist therapists, educators, and activists beyond the Association for Women in Psychology 2021 conference--uplifting ongoing work toward anti-racism and liberation within a dual pandemic context. Contributors to this special issue detailed their work and recommendations in these domains across levels of intervention from the interpersonal to the structural. In this concluding article, we synthesize the throughlines of healing and action in contributor narratives and offer our final thoughts to advance anti-racist work taking place across a number of settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we grapple with how social work educators and practitioners should hold and respond to the Supreme Court's ruling to overturn Roe v. Wade. We begin by outlining what is at stake for the social work field by mapping the impact on the safety and well-being of individuals, families, and communities of color. Our analysis also makes visible the ways in which the Court's decision has enacted epistemic violence to decades of reproductive justice-based theorizing and organizing spearheaded by women of color. Applying a reproductive justice (RJ) framework to the Council for Social Work Education (CSWE) Competencies, we identify areas within micro-, mezzo-, and macro-level practice for social workers to disrupt patterns of reproductive oppression, including restrictions on abortion. We believe that every social worker is situated to play a unique role in creating liberatory clinical social work practices. By centering reproductive justice and decolonial thinking in social work education and practice, we can begin to ask different questions and try new strategies to build safe and more supportive environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liberation of cathode materials (Co, Ni, Mn, Li) from spent lithium-ion batteries is essential to creating an acceptable leach feed in hydrometallurgical battery recycling. This study investigated the use of milled battery casing steel as the abrasive media in an attrition process, termed semi-autogenous attrition (SAA). The process aims to increase the liberation of the cathode materials, which are attached to other battery components, and also to release the agglomerated particles. The experimental parameters were pulp density, agitating speed and retention time. The performance of the SAA process was compared to wet sieving and attrition with agitation only. The optimum SAA conditions liberated 20% more cathode material to the <180 mm fraction and contained 90% Co with <2 wt% of contaminants (Al, Fe, and Cu). The results show that SAA can replace secondary milling. Moreover, the casing steel is a reliable abrasive media, which is already available in the system and easily separated from the cathode material. The casing steel can also be reused for multiple SAA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article argues that the 2020–2022 youth liberation movement in Thailand represents a crucial politico-economic force calling for an alternative version of Thai capitalism. In contrast to existing literature that views the contest between young protesters and the military-backed government as a generation division and national polarisation, this article argues that the movement is a catalyst for the rearticulation and restructuring of Thai capitalism. The movement has prioritised democracy but has also targeted Prime Minister General Prayuth Chan-ocha's economic policy that exacerbates economic disparity. This emphasis urges us to revisit the history of Thailand's capitalism. While some in Thailand had benefited spectacularly during periods of capitalist expansion, facilitated by links between capitalists and the state, the movement's political agenda seeks a capitalism that is less oppressive and more egalitarian. This has caused generational tensions, even among members of the same family. By highlighting such complex tensions associated with capitalism, family, and the state, the youth liberation movement has brought the country to a crossroads, calling for a societal transformation and new economic practices that modify or reform existing capitalism through measures such as the welfare state, a universal basic income, and income redistribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent scholarship has focused on the vital role of social movement organizations as key pathways into activism. Yet attention to how learning unfolds within social movement organizations has not been adequately studied. Informed by critical learning sciences, we investigated Kokua Hawaii, a social movement organization that catalyzed a near half century of grassroots activism throughout Hawaiʻi and the Pacific. We argue that Kokua Hawaii offered a space for activists to: (1) conceptualize eviction as a symptom of colonialism and capitalism, (2) open themselves to Kānaka Maoli (Native Hawaiian) epistemologies and lifeways, (3) participate in shared labor and collective care, and (4) author affirming and purposeful activist identities. Data includes 34 publicly available oral history interviews with members of Kokua Hawaii. We conclude by reflecting on our scholarly responsibilities to past, present, and future social movements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gendered racism is a source of stress and, in some cases, traumatic stress for women and girls of color as well as gender expansive people of color. Gendered racism is a form of oppression rooted in both White Supremacy and patriarchy. Along with interpersonal and internalized forms of gendered racism, mental health professionals must attend to systemic forms of gendered racism that manifest in every social system from education to criminal (in)justice. The consequences for women and girls of Color, as well as non-binary persons are multi-layered, including but not limited to physical, psychological, financial, and political. Frameworks that attend to both the context of oppression and the wisdom of women of Color are necessary for individual healing and societal transformation; these frameworks include but are not limited to liberation psychology, womanist psychology, and mujerista psychology. Examples of indigenizing individual, group, and community level programs are provided as well as implications for necessary future directions for advancing anti-oppression interventions, honoring indigenous science, dismantling gendered racism, and birthing liberation for all people. Finally, the author acknowledges racial battle fatigue and patriarchy battle fatigue as well as the necessary care for mental health professionals who are engaged in this sacred work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital technologies are revolutionizing the way we study and understand history. Historical sources and material evidence are increasingly being transformed into digital objects and integrated into larger databases, offering new ways of researching history in the digital age. This article reviews dominant practices that deal with new forms of historiography. It does so by offering digital curatorial practices and outlines a new methodological concept of digital visual history. For that purpose, the article explores a particularly challenging test case of historical visual sources, which not only had a lasting effect on the collective historical imagination but has also increasingly turned digital: the difficult visual heritage of the Holocaust. Highlighting significant aspects of the afterlife of these visual sources, the article uses as an example the digital infrastructure developed in the framework of the EU Horizon 2020 project 'Visual History of the Holocaust: Rethinking Curation in the Digital Age' (VHH) (2019–2023) that aims at (re)contextualizing Allied atrocity records as relational and migrating images. In doing so, the article demonstrates how, through the combination of historiographic practices of curation and digital technologies, the visual heritage of past events is revealed as dynamic and interconnected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is about democratic political thought and African political parties. Studies judge that opposition speak about democracy, but rarely express democratic ideologies. This determination arises from democracy's perceived hegemony. As democracy is accepted, opposition parties invoke democratic ideas without advocating them. I contest this line of argument. There are multiple visions of democracy. Therefore, whether or not democracy is hegemonic, not all arguments for and perspectives on it are. By omission, the literature on African parties has denied this variety in democratic thought and precluded the study of one variant of it in particular: republicanism. Republicanisms elevate domination and corruption as ills and advocate limiting state power and empowering citizens. I analyse the "people's power philosophy" of leading Tanzanian opposition party, Chadema. It imagines a ruling party oligarchy which pursues its private interests through an interconnected system of domination and corruption. Chadema advocates a new constitution to undo that system: institutional reforms that limit state power and empower citizens. It claims that it can do so by overpowering the oligarchy in a popular struggle. It imagines struggle as the breaking of everyday dominance and therefore as emancipatory: a second liberation. I argue that this philosophy constitutes a republican-democratic ideology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the mining of large flake graphite is approaching exhaustion, fine flake graphite becomes the main resource for the future. The fine flake graphite ores in the Heilongjiang area of China are very representative of China. Based on a large amount of fine flake graphite in Luobei, Heilongjiang, China, the characteristics of the fine flake graphite have been studied by process mineralogical analysis. The study shows that the large flake graphite content in the raw ore samples in the Luobei area, Heilongjiang, China is about 16.81%, and most of the graphite exists in the form of fine flakes less than 150 μm. In addition, the main reason why graphite minerals are difficult to liberate is that the graphite flakes in the samples are interlocked with Muscovite. Some graphite flakes are distorted in the ore and it is easy to cause the flakes to be severely crushed during the grinding process which can affect the application value of graphite. A part of graphite minerals or gangue is distributed in the ore in the form of a fine disseminated state, which can result in a low grade of the flotation concentrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

School gardens provide collaborative grounds for education and cultivation, operating within the U.S. education system and in connection to movements to rectify societal and environmental injustices. Based on perspectives of gardeners in public schools in Brooklyn, NY and the intersection of school gardens with other movement work, a four-part framework of liberatory practices and potentials via school gardening is outlined. This paper asks: What liberatory practices are happening in Brooklyn school gardens, and what is the potential for building upon them, particularly in relation to rectifying injustices faced within racially minoritized communities? In this study, gardens were found to support personal achievements, health benefits, adult mentorship, peer bonding, identity affirmation, community transformation, and positive relationships with the natural world. Some programming addressed social and environmental injustices explicitly, but students and staff identified potential to expand this; particularly needed are clear curricular prioritization and social and material support. Important to engendering any form of liberation through school gardening are: intentionality and transparency regarding program aims, just forums for student engagement and impact, and critical acknowledgement of the political and geographic realities in which these gardens operate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research mainly elaborates on the characteristics of the products obtained after grinding for mixed magneto-hematite under conditions of the high-pressure grinding roller (HPGR) and jaw crusher (JC) products as feed. By comparing the relative grindability, liberation degree (LD), work index and pre-selected product indexes of the grinding products, the effect of the HPGR products on the subsequent grinding was discussed. The test results show that the relative grindability and LD of the grinding products obtained from HPGR products as feed is significantly higher than that of JC products, and the energy consumption in the grinding process is significantly reduced. In addition, with the increase of grinding fineness, the LD distribution law of grinding products of different comminution products is normalized. The results of the pre-concentration show that the HPGR as feed can increase the grade and recovery by 2.96 percentage points and 2.12 percentage points, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this essay, I draw on my work as an international feminist media activist to explore community radio as a transformative form of political education and a cornerstone of substantive liberation for democratic societies. I detail specific histories of solidarity politics and provide archival evidence to show how community radio public affairs journalists have played an ongoing and vital role in delegitimizing colonialism, authoritarianism, and fascist misinformation and abuse of the mass media. I use careful and nuanced accompaniment, community leadership, scholarship, reporting, alternative publications, and archive founding to extend the lessons of the anti-apartheid liberation movement. As a community radio public affairs journalist, my refusal to accommodate myself to petty tyranny and bourgeois social norms has made me a uniquely trusted political voice. I have coached generations of media makers, scholar activists, and critical interpreters of the politics of representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article highlights Tanzania's role in global decolonisation by combining personal stories rooted in everyday life with political and pedagogical accounts of experiments in African socialism. The Dar es Salaam school of scholars and activists developed into an epicentre of productive and fraught debates that continue to offer us lessons today. By paying close attention to the stories these thinkers tell, and by situating them in the context of both political events and quotidian experiences, we can further uncover what Fanon called the "grandeur and weakness" of anti-colonial praxis. Gendering these syntheses of red and black internationalisms also contributes a perspective rooted in a more radical democratic politics, productively extending this decolonial genealogy into our present conjuncture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholarship on Graham Greene has extensively examined the expression of his religious concerns in his work, labelling him a "Catholic writer" but also a schismatic author, due to his paradoxical departures from the catholic orthodoxy. Not until recently, scholars such as Mark Bosco (2005) and Michael G. Brennan (2016) have challenged these cliches and drawn attention to the importance of Vatican II and liberation theology discourses in shaping Greene's literary imagination. Given the diverse developments fostered by liberation theologians, further studies are needed to widen the scope of critical dialogue on sociological, epistemological and ontological dimensions in Greene's work. This article places Greene's The Honorary Consul in dialogue with Ignacio Ellacuría's theological articulation, focusing on the concepts of liberation, freedom and soteriology. In addition, it examines kerygmatic forms of announcement and denunciation and the conflictive relationship between the word and ways of transformative action involving violence in Greene's novel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paulo Freire's philosophy of education, popularized via his magnum opus, The Pedagogy of the oppressed (2000 [1970]) 'shocked' the world, sort of constructively, with its trenchant, au courant and futuristic meditations on the onto-epistemological lives of the marginalized in Latin America, and by elliptical extension, across the world. The central tenets of Freire's thought as reflectively (and reflexively) acting upon the world to transform it, are as current today as these were in the late 1960s, majorly because of the subjectively active ways it interacts with our onto-epistemological locations and intentions. It is in appreciating such durable temporality about his philosophy that one can sense, indeed, thickly discern it trans-spatial and transcultural connections with the humanist African philosophy of Ubuntu and it educational foundations. Ubuntu in its across-Africa readings, represents both a practical and aspirational humanization of all people (more popularly, perceiving and practicing our personhoods through the personhoods of others) with the potential outcome, in the words of Desmond Tutu (in Battle, 2009), of the cessation of inter-people conflict and oppression. With these perspectives and prospects from Freire and Ubuntu, the intersecting subsets of the two are, I argue, thickly important with analytically discernible onto-epistemological and pedagogical connections and operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines how young Palestinian women in Israel, who decide to settle in the "liberal" "world city" of Tel Aviv-Jaffa upon college graduation, cope with the anticipated response of their family and community of origin. Applying a qualitative methodology, we interviewed 12 such women, supplemented by analysis of two TV series about young, single, educated Israeli-Palestinians living away from home. Thematic analysis of the data sheds light on how these women negotiate their move to Tel Aviv-Jaffa to study and their decision to stay there after graduation, focusing on the threat posed by Tel Aviv, as well as the benefits and challenges of life there. This study offers innovative insights: how young women from an excluded minority group are able to pave their way to liberty using urban space; and how the women use the tools of patriarchal society to conduct sophisticated negotiations with it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Victims cursing the victimisers is a common feature in the practice of the Tamils as evident in literature and films. There are statements about the power of justice and weapons of curse which warn culprits against dangerous consequences for their action. There is a story of a rare woman who by her curse burned an unjust king and his city and she has been deified and made popular. In the Bible as well, there are stories of victims including the Yahweh God and Jesus who pronounced powerful words on the victimiser(s). Their reflection incorporates the nuances, including catharsis and inner healing, instigating the change of heart of the victimisers, self-suffering as expression of compassion and positive action. Suggesting to bring back cursing as an authentic act of the victims, the essay provides a means for challenging the stereotypes of "blessing" and organising collective cursing for international powers that perpetuate poverty and conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author shares her decolonial journey in a personal manifesto. As a Puerto Rican born in the continental United States, but growing up in Borinquen (Puerto Rico's Taíno name)—a colonized nation—the author embarks on a decolonial path addressing colonial mentality, coping in the diaspora, and thriving in the cultural borderlands. The author identifies social justice action as an antidote to coloniality and to oppression. Moreover, she discusses how her decolonization process helped her to develop and practice a radical feminist therapy. This healing approach integrates feminism of color, psycho-spirituality, and liberation psychology approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The liberation characteristics of long flame coal from the Chinese Shenhua were studied by comparison of ball grinding and rod grinding. First, the effects of grinding time on maceral liberation under the different particle size range, including vitrinite content (VC), vitrinite liberation degree (VLD) and vitrinite monomer content (VMC) were researched. Then, the influence of different grinding methods on maceral liberation were compared under same grinding fineness. Test results showed that the vitrinite in rod mill grinding is more concentrated in coarser particles compared with ball mill grinding, which provides favorable conditions for subsequent maceral beneficiation. In addition, in the range of +0.125 mm, all indexes with rod grinding are better than that of ball grinding. Especially, in the range of −0.045 mm, the vitrinite yield obtained by rod mill is always higher than that obtained by ball mill when ash content in each particle size range is almost the same. Analysis results show that the stress area of particles is small for ball grinding to result in random cracks. But rod mill crushes particles by slowly increasing squeeze force greater than stress intensity of particles, the force area of particles is larger to protect particle size decrease to a extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following Alistair Anderson's legacy of entrepreneuring as a process of becoming, this paper engages with entrepreneuring as emancipation in a family business context. Over a period of seven years, we witnessed the journey of a family business successor engaged in a challenging process of power transfer, ultimately leading him to leave the succession process to engage with entrepreneuring outside the family business, due to power struggles. We theoretically elaborate on this real-time, multi-informant, multi-generational and longitudinal single-case study to offer a novel understanding of entrepreneuring as emancipation from and through power by revealing the intimate connections of entrepreneuring with power, liberation and liberty encompassing as much agony as ecstasy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the idea of multiple social identities in individuals and the interplay of these identities intrapsychically, interpersonally, and systemically. Oppression is often viewed as a binary concept: Either one is the oppressor or the oppressed. The author develops ideas of pluralism and intersectionality that exist in individuals and society to illustrate how everyone has the experience of being both the oppressor and the oppressed. He provides examples of responses to oppression at all levels (intrapsychic, interpersonal, and systemic) and builds on ideas from radical psychiatry to explain ways to move out of oppression. The article concludes with reflective questions that invite readers to explore the possible dynamics that exist in the therapy room as well as in other fields and contexts of human relations practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors discuss the work of scholar Daniel C. Brouwer, particularly queer counterpublic rhetoric and non-Western and transnational politics.

The increased presence of Latinx migrant womxn in immigration detention centers reflects the colonial, racialized, gendered, and capitalist nature of the punishing business in the United States. For Latinx migrant womxn, trauma from painful encounters with immigration detention may compound with suffering related to colonialism, imperialism, militarism, and racial capitalism. Grounded in the emancipatory frameworks of abolition feminism and liberation psychology, this article offers multi-level critical reflection strategies to support therapists in their efforts to resist the violent and oppressive nature of the immigration industrial complex and prison industrial complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Tanzanian landscape has a long history with exiled nationalist organisations from South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique. The case of Mozambique is unique. It was in Dar es Salaam that FRELIMO (Front for the Liberation of Mozambique) was born in 1962; but the great Mozambican nationalist Edward Mondlane was assassinated in the same city in 1969. This paper presents the ruins of the FRELIMO camp in Nachingwea, Tanzania, to elaborate the state of preservation of the monuments and how such preservation may contribute to sustainable peace between these two neighbouring countries. There are recognisable photographs and written historical documents concerning FRELIMO in both Mozambican and Tanzanian libraries, museums, and archives. Adding the landscape as another layer of evidence juxtaposes the limitations unveiled in other sources; enhances our understanding of the activities that took place during exile including those of the subalterns (residential houses, food carriers, couriers, recruiting sergeants and foot soldiers); and underlines the process of how sites of African liberation struggles are remembered and memorialised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper calls for a critical reimagination of science epistemology and praxis by advocating for a move toward Black liberation in and through K-12 science education. This call is driven by our desires as authors to foster a future of K-12 science teaching and learning that centers, embraces, and promotes historical and contemporary Black scientific innovation and creativity through practices that redress structural anti-Black racism and its implications on Black existence and life. Black Liberatory K-12 Science Education (BLKSE) names the existing challenges with cultivating and empowering Black minds in and through science as a result of anti-Black ideologies that ground and govern K-12 science access, teaching and learning. In naming said challenges as the manifestations of anti-Black ideologies, we shed light on the roles of K-12 science teachers and science teacher education regarding the treatment of Black students given oppressive policies and practices that fail to recognize Black brilliance and innovation. By advocating for a push toward BLKSE, we offer guiding concepts we feel are necessary to begin the process of rooting out anti-Blackness; a process that centers a holistic, heterogenous form of Blackness at the crux of science inquiry and understanding. As a result of this perspective, BLKSE embraces the beauty and creativity of Black youth, naming their positions and ideas as forms of scientific knowledge and inquiry, while disrupting existing mainstream paradigms and practices in science education. Implications for ways to work toward BLKSE in K-12 science teaching and teacher education are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

They provide overwhelming evidence that Dr. Shakur - like the many thousands caged, disappeared, dead, or still locked up - is a prisoner of war who has been treated by the U.S. government as an enemy combatant his entire adult life. 9 Dr. Mutulu Shakur, "Towards a Truth and Reconciliation Commission for New African/Black Political Prisoners, Prisoners of War and Freedom Fighters", 7. 10 Terry Bisson and Sally O'Brien, "For Mutulu Shakur, the Revolution Isn't Over", I City Sun i (April 9-15, 1986). Keywords: "Free The Land"; internationalism; Mutulu Shakur; Republic of New Afrika; resistance; Prisoner of War; liberation EN "Free The Land" internationalism Mutulu Shakur Republic of New Afrika resistance Prisoner of War liberation 179 183 5 12/20/22 20220101 NES 220101 The essays and documents assembled in this special issue of I Souls i make a clear and convincing case for Dr. Mutulu Shakur's immediate release. [Extracted from the article]

This article focuses on internalized racial oppression, a less understood yet detrimental aspect of racism. This article is based on a qualitative grounded theory study that explored how Black women psychotherapists understand the phenomenon. Literature and findings reveal that there is no existing shared understanding of how Black women experience IRO. Findings support how systemic racism upholds IRO and how IRO is intersectional. I use sociopolitical concepts and psychological object relations to discuss the findings as understood by Black women. In this, colorism, hair texturism, double consciousness were unexpected but important findings. Implications and future directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper argues that we should read Taylor's philosophy as a philosophy of liberation and that it is as a philosopher of liberation that Taylor distinguishes himself as a critical theorist. It begins with a short outline of Taylor's theory of freedom, emphasising the conception it contains of the process of becoming free. It then looks at Taylor's view of the role theory can take in that process. The liberating power of theory isn't something that Taylor often remarks explicitly upon, but from the few remarks he does make it is clear that he sees his own theory as potentially having such a power. The discussion then turns to the tasks of critical theory. After summarising these tasks, the paper considers how Taylor attempts to address them in his own work. The point of the discussion is not just to show the convergence between Taylor's theoretical agenda and that of critical theory, but also to indicate how critical theory can learn from the integration in Taylor's work of the tasks critical theory sets itself. The paper concludes by noting a dilemma that faces critical theorists who aspire to such integration today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tenor Roland Hayes came to international fame in the Harlem Renaissance, but the obscurity that followed his success reveals the catch-22 that confronted him and many of his contemporaries. Hayes's career was plagued by the choice between, on the one hand, assimilating black music to narrations of primitivity and authenticity and, on the other, subscribing to projects of black music's transformation under the tutelage of Western form. The first part of this article traces the tangled discourse on the meaning and significance of the spirituals from Frederick Douglass to the Harlem Renaissance. The second examines how this context shaped Hayes's career and its reception. The third turns to James Cone to articulate a constructive theological reading of divine liberation in the spirituals. Here, the essay argues that the spirituals' theology must be heard both within the songs' historical complexity and as witness to a different understanding of history itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nancy has been criticised for rejecting the politics of emancipation that characterises the thought of some of his more militant contemporaries. To be sure, he does distance himself from the rhetoric of emancipation. He considers that the grand modern emancipation narrative of the Enlightenment, and of the revolutions of the late eighteenth century, expired with the end of the Cold War, and that the ideal of emancipation carried by this narrative is dangerous insofar as it imposes "ultimate sense" on history and assumes an "essence of humanity" that is to be liberated. It would be a mistake, however, to assume that Nancy's rejection of the modern, linear account of emancipatory politics is a refusal of emancipation per se. Indeed, his reason for rejecting modernity's simple narrative of emancipatory progress is that this framing of history is by a long chalk not emancipatory enough, and that it has far too much in common with the identitarian politics against which it seeks to set itself. So it should come as no surprise that Nancy uses emancipatory language in his very rejection of the politics of emancipation, arguing for example that we need "emancipation from a certain thinking of emancipation." This article makes the case for Nancy as a rich and radical thinker of emancipation whose thought, far from being apolitical when it comes to liberation, offers us a broad, robust and practical account of the emancipatory. This case is made by weaving together two important strands of Nancy's thought. First, his deconstruction of Christianity is examined in the light of the claim that Christianity is "in itself and by itself in a state of surpassing" and that Christianity's self-surpassing is "perhaps its deepest tradition." This leads, secondly, to a consideration of Nancy's frequent meditations on Pascal's statement that "man infinitely exceeds/surpasses man." When they are taken together, what emerges from these two strands of Nancy's thought is a pattern of emancipation that goes beyond simple historical ruptures to operate across multiple temporalities at once, each populated by plural vectors of continuity and change. Nancy seeks emancipation from a double slavery: the slavery of absolutising a continuity with the past, and that born of the ideological fantasy of a simple rupture with the past. Instead, he offers us an account of emancipation that is capable of navigating a subtler course through multiple dynamics of continuity and change. The article concludes by briefly examining Nancy's use of the term ressourcement to characterise this radical account of emancipation, evoking the importance of the gesture described by this term for the biblical prophets, for the magisterial reformers and for Vatican II. Far from being weak in its emancipatory potential, Nancy's thought takes the modern emancipatory imperative and returns it to us with greater depth, breadth and potency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the cardinal role that narratives, ideas, and discourses play as reference points to guide policy traction and trajectory. The study focuses on the interplay amongst the settler, liberation, and neo-liberal narratives as they informed the political economy of post-colonial Zimbabwe. Because the agency of these narratives memorialises race, privilege, native subalternism, restitution, and white hubris and neo-colonial obduracy, the article argues that the concepts of sovereignty and nation-state-building have become highly contested. Interpreted in the present but rooted in the colonial past, the indigenisation drive has become a conflicted discourse, torn between continuities and discontinuities—narratives and counter-narratives of liberation, post- colonialism, and black empowerment as against the Empire's neo-colonial modes of domination which have sanctioned a kind of "conflict in perpetuity". Therefore, in deconstructing the contradictions of transitional politics, policy instrumentalisation, state predations, and unprecedented political contestations that make up the Zimbabwean predicament, this article argues that the trajectory of Zimbabwe's indigenisation drive reveals the saliency of ideas either as a source of legitimation, a source of contestation, or as contours for a nuanced analysis of Zimbabwe's political economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maxwell Kennel recently wondered why the majority of Mennonite-feminist theologians do not identify as political theologians. The article responds to this question in two parts using the feminist slogan, "the personal is political" to broaden the definition of the political in traditional Mennonite political theologies. First, this article distinguishes traditional Mennonite political theologies from liberation theologies, including feminist theologies, which presume that all theology is political. Liberation theologies begin with socio-political experience and an analysis of power dynamics from marginalized perspectives, which today include intersectional and hybridized identities, such as Mennonite-feminist. Secondly, this article explores the feminist-liberationist theological method in Malinda Berry's reclamation of Mennonite cookbook author Doris Janzen Longacre as a "more-with-less" theologian. This article follows and extends Longacre's Mennonite-feminist approach to nonconformity, peacemaking, and theological method of highlighting the political and theo-ethical implications of personal decisions around food, homemaking, and economic and ecological justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I show that the strong relations of knowledge, power and liberation are worth reassessing and clarifying in light of the indigenous people of Africa's quest for epistemic liberation. I argue that knowledge confers power to its producers that might be inappropriately deployed to impose an inferior status to those contentiously considered incapable of producing it. This has often been the character of relations of cultures where those considered as bereft of knowledge are put at the service of those who claim expertise and exclusive title to the production of the same. Yet, as much as it has been employed as an instrument to conquer and to subjugate, knowledge can also be an instrument of liberation. I argue that if 'knowledge is power', then the acceptance of the epistemic contribution of those who have been historically marked as without any knowledge is necessary if their agency is to be awakened and their liberation realised. This discursive move may be a necessary corrective for the indigenous people of Africa who are yet to emerge fully from the condition of physical and epistemic conquest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magnetism of minerals plays an important role in magnetic agglomeration. In this paper, the relationship between the magnetism of magnetite ore and particle size was revealed by mineral liberation analyzer (MLA) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) tests. With decreasing fineness, the specific susceptibility of the liberated magnetite decreased and its coercivity increased, and the difference in magnetism between liberated magnetite and rich interlocking particles decreased. Based on the above conclusion, a three-product magnetic separator with rotatable magnetic system, dispersed screen, and fluid drag was developed to simultaneously separate liberated magnetite and discard gangue minerals in a short process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A doctoral student in counseling psychology, sociology of education scholar, and a counselor and school psychologist extend the work of the canonical theoretical framework and testimonios in Telling to Live: Latina Feminist Testimonios. Informed by liberation psychology scholarship, the authors envision a culturally responsive approach when serving Latinx students (K–20) and community members. The authors emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration among educators and counselors in creating safe spaces in schools for Latinx students to share lived experiences and better address issues such as depression, loss, grief, and self-harm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]