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This paper intends to review my experiences as an apprentice with Marian Chace, pioneer of the newly developing profession of dance therapy, at the St. Elizabeth's Psychiatric Care Hospital in 1966. It also aims to explore ways that Chace's work anticipated current approaches to dance movement psychotherapy (DMP). Chace emphasised the importance of dance as nonverbal communication and taught her apprentices to aim for the highest levels of authenticity in their own expression. She often worked in a circle allowing all to feel included. Through her movement, Marian reflected back to the patients their nonverbal expressions. Current research into mirror neurons explores the theoretical basis for methods, which Chace used intuitively, decades before any neurological basis was discovered, revealing how the reflection and empathetic attunement used by Chace may have helped advance therapeutic processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sharp increase in dementia and age-related memory impairments worldwide has made reminiscence-based interventions attractive. Past research is mixed with little focus on self-functioning. The aims of this study were (i) to develop and assess the implementation of a reminiscence-based intervention, Digital Life Story Books, grounded in evidence-based principles of autobiographical memory, and (ii) to evaluate its effectiveness in improving sense of self in older adults with memory difficulties. A remote reminiscence intervention, using multisensory Digital Life Story Books (DLSB), was developed. Using a short-term experimental, longitudinal design, 25 participants with memory difficulties were assigned to the DLSB condition (16 females; M = 73.96, SD = 8.8) and 23 to a Wait-List Control (16 females; M = 78.57, SD = 9.38). Informal caregivers (N = 34; M = 63.44, SD = 13.8) provided proxy-reports on the effects of the DLSB. The DLSB was successfully developed and positively evaluated by participants. In the DLSB condition, a strengthened sense of self, reflected directly in the memories selected for the DLSB was detected. No overall condition difference was detected pre- to post-therapy. The findings highlight the appeal of reminiscence activities but also the challenge of adequate measurement sensitivity to demonstrate effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IMPLICATIONSMillions of people worldwide suffer with dementia, a complex and debilitating brain disorder. Dementia has significant impacts on cognitive functioning and general wellbeing, resulting in loss of social engagement, isolation, and withdrawal. To address the impact of cognitive deterioration, interventions are aimed at supporting social interaction and enhancing cognitive stimulation. One such intervention is book clubs, which offer both social interaction and cognitive stimulation, designed especially for people living with dementia. The purpose of this brief commentary is to describe and reflect on a clinical social work practice example of a book club group therapy intervention with residential dementia patients in Australia. This commentary discusses the choice of book, facilitation strategies, and beneficial outcomes of the book club. It was observed that residents with severe dementia demonstrated cognitive, social, and emotional benefits from participating in the book club. It is recommended that social workers and social work students can use book clubs as a proactive, targeted therapeutic intervention with people living with dementia.Book clubs can provide cognitive, social and emotional benefits for people living with dementia.Social work students and practitioners can use targeted book clubs as an intervention for cognitive stimulation, social interaction, and emotional wellbeing.Book clubs can provide cognitive, social and emotional benefits for people living with dementia.Social work students and practitioners can use targeted book clubs as an intervention for cognitive stimulation, social interaction, and emotional wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review evaluates studies focusing on parenting and feeding practices, children's feeding behavior, and growth stunting in Asian countries. Eight electronic databases were searched to screen studies published between Jan 2015 and May 2021. There were contradictory findings related to gender differences in growth stunting and factors that reinforce/facilitate or inhibit acquisition of optimum growth in children. Theme of parenting practices showed that time spent on childcare, traditional beliefs about child-care feeding and responsive feeding were also contributing factors. Amidst economic improvement, political, social changes, and worldwide execution of various nutritional programs, stunting continues to be relentlessly persistent and widespread in Asia. Undernutrition disturbs areas of the mind involved in reasoning, reminiscence, locomotor skills and also an adverse influence on the physical and psychological growth of children and ensuing learning capabilities. Stunted children have more anxiety and depression and lower self-esteem than non-stunted children. A public health strategy is required to: (i) properly examine stunting with time through collaborated efforts of community members and various sectors, (ii) tackle malnutrition with steps to enhance maternal nutrition during pregnancy, infant feeding practices and (iii) involvement of effective multi-sectoral partnership programs for management of stunting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the impact of life course socioeconomic status (SES) and childhood trauma on depressive symptoms in Chinese middle-aged and older adults, while also examining the role of chronic diseases and implications for social work practice. Using data from 9,942 participants, structural equation was established to investigate these relationships. Results reveals that low childhood SES positively affects depressive symptoms through low SES in mid-to-late life (std. β = 0.168, p <.001), and domestic child abuse negatively impacts depressive symptoms through low SES in mid-to-late life (std. β=-0.020, p <.001). Additionally, experiencing peer bullying is directly associated with depressive symptoms (std. β = 0.145, p <.001). Exposure to domestic violence is directly related to depressive symptoms (std. β = 0.078, p <.001) and indirectly leads to more severe depressive symptoms through chronic disease (std. β = 0.023, p <.001). Social workers in healthcare settings can utilize these findings to better understand risk factors for depression and provide trauma-informed care and economic assistance across the life course. Additional training for social workers on the lasting impacts of childhood adversity is warranted. By intervening at both individual and policy levels, social work practitioners can help break cycles of poverty and poor health stemming from childhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Supporting the relational worlds of people living with dementia, especially the spousal dyad, is a growing focus in dementia care as is advancing the therapeutic use of music in dementia care. This paper describes a mixed-methods, multi-phase, iterative research study designed to develop the Music Memory Makers (MMM) Duet System, a novel therapeutic music technology, that allows non-musicians to play a personalized repertoire of songs arranged as duets. Methods: Following a pilot phase to iteratively assess and refine the MMM Duet System for recreational and therapeutic purposes, multiple sources of data were used to investigate five older spousal dyads' experiences with the system, two couples living with dementia and three who were not. We assessed perceptions of task difficulty, joint agency, and enjoyment as well as therapeutic benefits associated with enhancing the spousal relationship and sense of couplehood. Results: Findings suggest playing meaningful songs together is an enjoyable interactive activity that prompts musical reminiscence, involves joint agency, and supports relationship continuity within a relational, positive approach to dementia care. All couples mastered the task, none evaluated it as "very challenging," and positive couple interactions were evoked, commonly before and after playing the duets. Conclusions: The MMM Duet System is recommended for further research and development as an innovative way to support couples living with dementia with commercial implications, and as a new music technology suitable for use as a research tool. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Music making is an engaging, rewarding activity promoting social bonding and wellbeing that with technology innovation, can be extended to non-musicians and people with differing skills, abilities, and preferences. The MMM Duet System is a promising new music technology that supports the relationship of people living with dementia and their spousal caregivers by encouraging relationship continuity and sense of couplehood. Supporting caregivers enables people with dementia to remain longer in their homes and communities. Practical suggestions are offered to develop music technology suitable for use by older adults and people living with dementia, e.g., involving participants who live with dementia, assembling interdisciplinary research teams, adopting iterative, participant-focused approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 global pandemic drastically changed the lives of so many, including creating a sense of mass bereavement in the United States because of the million plus lives lost. As obituaries provide public documentation of personal legacies as well as serve to create a generational memory, this study sought to determine how obituaries, published in the United States during a public health crisis with excess deaths, discuss living and dying. We analysed 82 obituaries published in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic to determine their functions during this time. These U.S. obituaries documented how the COVID-19 pandemic interrupted the life stories of so many. Several key themes emerged in the obituaries – cause of death, COVID-19 changing lives, resilience/positivity, political statements, and thanking healthcare workers. These COVID-19 obituaries shared many of the known functions of obituaries, but they also served as public service death announcements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the feasibility of unpaid, family/friend caregivers conducting life reviews with people with dementia in long-term care and community settings and reported on how we adapted the intervention modality under the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Twenty-one caregiver-care recipient dyads completed 6 weekly life review sessions. The intervention format was modified to accommodate COVID-19 restrictions. Primary and secondary outcome measures were analyzed based on repeated measures at baseline and post-intervention. Results: Due to the changing nature of the pandemic, we iterated the caregiver training intervention four times to accommodate caregivers' needs while having faced multiple recruitment challenges with care facility residents. Care recipients' depression appeared to have improved (p =.001). Conclusions: Although the COVID-19 pandemic created unique recruitment challenges, all the care recipients seemed to enjoy the life review activities supported by the positive outcomes in gaining socialization opportunities. It may be beneficial to offer a more self-paced intervention modality to ease the burden on caregivers. Clinical implications: It appears that unpaid family/friend caregivers can provide life reviews to their loved ones with dementia. Training the caregivers on how to provide life reviews can be an easy, low-risk activity that might ameliorate depressive symptoms in the care recipients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to recent theoretical work, certain event memories are more likely to be remembered or forgotten in their entirety. This prior work focused on collections of concepts, such as person-location-object triples. To explore this idea with complex materials, we created triples of people, locations, objects, or activities from events in real-world novels. People who had read one of the included novels were provided with one element from these triples (the cue) and asked to identify which of six alternatives best went with it. The results revealed that memory for the narrative events remained stable across many years. Moreover, people recalled events in a more holistic manner than would be expected by chance. This was more likely the more causally important an event was. This pattern of performance also remained stable over time. Our results are consistent with the idea that event models involve integrating separate elements into a single coherent representation, and this is likely to stay integrated over long periods of time. However, the degree to which this is so appears to be related to how well-integrated the information is within a larger set of events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has shown links between parent-child emotion reminiscing and socio-emotional outcomes, yet little research has investigated why parents talk about emotions with their children and how this relates to children's development. The purpose of this study was to explore how parents' self-reported goals and observed behavior in emotion reminiscing predict children's psychological functioning. Recruited from both clinical and community settings in Australia, 54 children aged 8–12-years old engaged in an emotion reminiscing conversation task with their parent. Conversations were coded on emotion and elaborative quality. Parents reported their reminiscing goals using the Caregiver Reminiscing Scale-Revised (CRS-R), and both parent and child reported on the child's psychological functioning. After including associated covariates, six hierarchical regression models were conducted to assess for unique associations of parents' goals and behavior with each of the child's psychological functioning indicators. Child-reported internalizing difficulties (C-INT) were predicted by peer relationship goals, whereas parent-reported internalizing (p-INT) and externalizing difficulties (p-EXT) were uniquely predicted by behavior control goals. Emotion comprehension was uniquely predicted by memory skill goals, and cognitive errors were uniquely predicted by children's emotion exploration during emotion reminiscing. Rumination was not uniquely predicted by reminiscing goals or behavior. This study highlights the importance of considering parents' emotion reminiscing goals: for future longitudinal research, and in reminiscing interventions for children with mental health difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mother–child memory conversations are a nuanced and important factor in children's memory development. The current study focuses on maternal characteristics that are related to individual differences in maternal elaborative style. It also examines the role of maternal elaborative style in children's elaborativeness in the context of reminiscing and recounting. Two hundred and nine Turkish mothers (Mage= 36.32, SD = 4.99) and their 5- to 6-year-olds (Mage in months = 66.88, SD = 4.04) (110 girls, 99 boys) participated in the current study. Results revealed that maternal individuation and balanced self-construal type predicted maternal elaborativeness, which in turn predicted child elaborativeness in reminiscing and recounting. Yet, such a relation was not observed for maternal attachment styles or sensitivity. Findings suggested the importance of maternal individuation and balanced self-construal for mothers' and children's elaborativeness in memory conversations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Interrail rail ticket offer, created in 1972, established a new travel platform for young people to meet their peers in Europe. This article examines how Interrail youth travel enabled sociable transactions for Swedish and Finnish travellers and how this promoted informal European integration. The article is based on a qualitative analysis and comparison of 40 Finnish and Swedish Interrailers' interviews about their trips between 1972 and 1993. The travellers recall the position of Sweden and Finland in relation to Europe as dualistic: being both outside and inside Europe. The Nordic countries in the 1970s and 80s were recalled as familiar and clearly distinct from Europe. Informal European integration was advanced; many travellers framed their Interrail trips as a positive, intrinsically European experience. Meeting new people among travellers and local residents was remembered as giving Europe faces and creating a sense of community. Thus, Interrail trips produced 'lived Europeanness'. The findings also demonstrate that Swedish and Finnish travellers experienced the trip in a very similar fashion. However, the comparison served to reveal the regional differences in relation to the distance of the regions from continental Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Narrative identity – how individuals narrate their lived and remembered past – is usually assessed via independent rater coding, but new methods relying on self-report have been introduced. To test the assumption that different methods assess aspects of the same underlying construct, studies measuring similar components of narrative identity with different methods are needed. However, such studies are surprisingly rare. To begin to fill this gap, the present study compared the narrative variables, temporal coherence, causal coherence, and thematic coherence, measured via rater coding of participants' self-generated narratives of the remembered past and via subscales of the self-report measure Awareness of Narrative Identity Questionnaire (ANIQ). The results showed that the ANIQ subscales did not correlate significantly with their corresponding rater-coded dimension, and that the ANIQ subscales were generally unrelated to the other rater-coded dimensions. Furthermore, an exploratory factor analysis demonstrated that the ANIQ subscales loaded together on a factor that did not include any rater-coded variables. The findings suggest that the narrative variables share little empirical overlap when assessed via the ANIQ and rater coding of self-generated narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent research has highlighted the critical role in children's cognitive development of the metacognitive support parents give their children during everyday interactions. Our main goal was to examine whether parents made consistent use of metacognitive talk across different parent – child interaction contexts and to document the effect of this metacognitive talk across contexts on preschoolers' memory. The relation between children's and parents' metacognitive talk was also examined, along with the link between children's metacognitive talk and their own memory performance. 64 Belgian preschooler – parent dyads (Mage = 40.3 months) were invited to play memory games together and to reminisce about a standardized event. In both contexts, parents' and children's utterances were analyzed for their metacognitive content. Children's episodic memory was assessed through a story-recall task. Results revealed that, in terms of frequency of use, parents exhibited a somewhat consistent metacognitive style across contexts. The nature of the metacognitive comments that were produced, however, varied depending on the context. Moreover, parents' consistent production of higher rates of metacognitive comments in both contexts was found to be associated with better memory performance in children. Our data also revealed that children's tendency to make metacognitive comments was related to their parents' metacognitive production and to their own memory performance. By documenting the relations between parents' and children's metacognitive talk and the effect on children's memory, this study provides promising avenues for a better understanding of how metacognitive processes might be involved in early memory development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to review the use of reminiscence interventions in the reduction of loneliness in older adults by categorising the interventions by type, and comparing their effectiveness and methodological quality. This is a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. The search was restricted to studies published in the Cochrane, CINAHL, Web of Science, Psycarticles, Psycinfo, and PubMed databases until December 2022. The inclusion criteria for the studies included in this review were: 1) reminiscence intervention 2) loneliness outcome measure 3) adults over 60 years old 4) experimental, pre-experimental, and quasi-experimental studies. A total of twelve studies were eligible for inclusion. Only nine studies included a control group, and seven of those report significant effectiveness in reducing loneliness levels. The most popular type of intervention is simple reminiscence and life review, and in-group format. The interventions to date have been very heterogeneous, and the methodological quality of the existing literature is moderate to weak. While reminiscence interventions hold some promise for reducing loneliness levels among older adults, future methodologically rigorous research is required, and standardised protocols need to be developed for application, with the specific aim of reducing levels of loneliness among older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents an interview focuses on the poignant experience of a Ukrainian refugee family and the author's reflections on a conversation with an Israeli writer about the loss and recovery of speech. Topics include the refugee's inability to speak due to stress, the author's reminiscences about Aharon Appelfeld's experience with aphasia, and an artist's contributions to metro station designs.

Studies examining priming in autobiographical memory are fewer in number (some two dozen) compared to other areas (e.g., semantic memory priming), which have seen hundreds of studies. Nevertheless, autobiographical memory priming studies have utilised quite a number of different experimental paradigms, with many having interesting ecological implications. This paper reviews the bulk of these studies. It discusses the various theoretical implications of these studies, past and present. It suggests numerous future directions in this area, as the study of priming in autobiographical memory has had significant implications, despite the small number of studies, and it offers enormous future potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 'Arab Spring' posed major emotional challenges to European diplomats. Sympathies for the demonstrators' open embrace of European norms and values merged with discomfort about incalculable consequences following the former rulers' eventual fall. Focusing on Egypt, this contribution analyses how European diplomats reacted to Hosni Mubarak's ouster and the following developments. With their reminiscences to Europe's own history and the European Union's (EU) self-perception as 'force for good', a two-sided sense of disillusionment grew among European representatives: about the regime's eventual unwillingness to reform, and about their own incapacity to meaningfully support change. Based on extensive research in Cairo and Brussels, this article analyses the emotions that escorted the actions of officials from the EU and its member states in Egypt. From a multi-level perspective, it considers activities by the EU Delegation to Egypt and EU member states' embassies in Cairo, plus initiatives coming from Brussels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the reasons why people engage in reminiscences about their past is to maintain intimacy with deceased close others. Although previous research alerts to the negative effects of reminiscence for intimacy maintenance on mental health, little is known about its relation to individuals' reactions to loss (i.e. grief severity and personal growth). In two samples, we focus on time since loss and continuing bonds, to elucidate the role of reminiscence for intimacy maintenance in grief. The samples comprised 111 and 198 bereaved adults. All participants rated the frequency of reminiscence for intimacy maintenance and loss-related variables, such as time since loss, continuing bonds, and grief severity. Sample 2 additionally completed measures of personal growth, loss-centrality, and their interconnectedness with the deceased. Reminiscence on intimacy maintenance was positively related to grief severity. This relation was independent of time since loss and partly driven by externalized bonds. Internalized bonds mediated the relation between reminiscence for intimacy maintenance and grief severity (in sample 1) and personal growth (in sample 2). Continuing bonds help explain why reminiscing for intimacy maintenance can be harmful in terms of grief severity but also fosters personal growth after the loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a life review intervention on older adults' self-perceived ratings of quality of life, depression, and mastery. A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was used. Quantitative data was gathered via a pre-posttest design. Qualitative data was gathered regarding participants' perceived value of the life review program. A Wilcoxon signed rank sum test indicated that one item on the WHO-QOL BREF (modified) had a significant change, indicating fewer negative feelings after the life review intervention. Six themes emerged from the qualitative data: (1) Nostalgia; (2) Reflection; (3) Appreciation; (4) Proliferation of additional memories; (5) Sharing in similar experiences with others; and (6) Gratefulness. Results indicated that participation in a five-week, home-based, life-review intervention program has the potential to improve self-perceived quality of life and sense of personal mastery for older adults sheltering at home during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cultural life scripts are shared semantic knowledge of the expected life course in a given culture characterised by a bump for positive events in the second and third life decades, but none for negative events [Berntsen, D., & Rubin, D. C. (2004). Cultural life scripts structure recall from autobiographical memory. Memory & Cognition, 32, 427-442. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03195836]. We investigated the stability of Nigerian young adults' life scripts and life stories across religion and gender. One-hundred-and-seventy-four participants completed the life script and life story tasks, and the revised religious orientation scale. We found that the life scripts and life stories consisted of mainly positive events with a reminiscence bump located in the 10s and 20s; however, we also found a small bump for negative events. There was a high mention rate of religion-specific events in both the life scripts and life stories of participants across religion and gender. The level of religiosity had effects on the importance ratings of the life scripts and life stories. In sum, despite minor variations, the life scripts and life stories were consistent across religion and gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of the present meta-analysis was to compare effects of reminiscence interventions on depression and anxiety across different target groups. Systematic search in electronic data bases and cross-referencing identified 195 randomized controlled trials that were included in random-effects meta-analysis. Reminiscence interventions resulted, on average, in moderate improvement of depressive symptoms and small-to-moderate improvements of anxiety symptoms. Life review therapy for individuals with elevated psychological symptoms tended to be more effective (with moderate to strong improvements) than life review with nonclinical samples and simple reminiscence. Effects were similar for individuals with cognitive impairment, physical illness and general community-based samples. Intervention effects varied, in part, by intervention length, kind of control condition, publication status, and region where the study was conducted. We conclude that reminiscence interventions should be offered for all adults interested in reflecting on their past, although adaptations of intervention contents can be made according to the needs of potential participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the impact of digital devices and services on autobiographical memory. It introduces the AMEDIA model, which suggests that encoding, curating, and retrieving personal information should be considered in the digital age. The authors argue for the inclusion of social dimensions in all three phases, emphasizing the collaborative and shared aspects of data production, curation, and consumption. They also propose that the distinction between macro- and microblogging is outdated and call for interdisciplinary research to better understand the effects of digital technology on memory processes. The article emphasizes the need for further empirical work and a broader approach to studying memory in the digital age. [Extracted from the article]

The article explores the impact of technology on autobiographical memory and introduces the Autobiographical Memory in the Digital Age (AMEDIA) model. It argues that digital records do not simply preserve memories, but rather work together with the mind to construct autobiographical memories. The article examines different aspects of autobiographical memory, such as episodic and semantic elements, as well as the effects of sharing and reminiscing about memories. It also raises questions about the relationship between internal and external resources for remembering, and the role of algorithms and artificial intelligence in shaping autobiographical memory. The authors emphasize that external records, like photos and videos, are not necessarily objective representations of past events, and that memories can be influenced by these records. They suggest that further research is needed to understand people's beliefs about the accuracy of external records and how they interact with internal memory. [Extracted from the article]

This scoping review aimed to explore the characteristics and outcomes of occupation-based interventions for people living with dementia and their spousal caregivers relating to positive aspects of caregiving. A conceptualization of positive aspects of caregiving was developed based on the existing literature encompassing three domains – quality of the caregiver/care receiver relationship, meaning of the caregiver's role in daily life, and caregiver's feeling of accomplishment. Arksey and O'Malley's guidelines were used and four databases were searched to identify studies discussing occupation-based interventions involving spousal caregivers and persons living with dementia in the community that addressed at least one of three domains of positive aspects of caregiving identified in our conceptualization. After screening 1,560 articles, 18 articles were included for analysis. Three types of interventions were identified (i.e. music therapy, reminiscence therapy and a tailored activity program) involving three components contributing to positive aspects of caregiving: socializing outside the dyad, producing tangible end products, and education for the caregiver or dyad. Findings indicate that occupation-based interventions can support positive experiences for the dyad by improving the quality of the dyadic relationship and caregivers' feelings of accomplishment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A personal narrative is presented which explores the author's experiences with Mike Baizerman and how his approach to youth work has influenced her teaching philosophy.

The article delves into the multifaceted persona of Mike Baizerman, emphasizing his role as a scholarly figure, mentor, and catalyst for intellectual exchange. It illustrates his commitment to teaching and mentoring, showcasing his inclusive approach to dialogue and his passion for fostering learning environments conducive to exploration and growth.

In adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD, ICD-10 defined) we examined self-reported well-being, depressive symptoms and autobiographical memories from the first COVID-19 lockdown in Denmark in comparison to adolescents without an ADHD diagnosis. Data from 16 adolescents with ADHD and 16 non-ADHD age and gender matched controls were collected between September 2020 and April 2021. Questionnaires included the World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5), the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ), and an autobiographical memory survey assessing a lockdown memory, a memory not related to lockdown and a future projection. Mixed design ANOVAs were used to compare within subject differences in memory types across groups and independent sample t-tests were used to compare group differences. Three adolescents with ADHD scored below the WHO-5 cut-off (< 50) and above the SMFQ cut-off (> 8) indicating risk of depression, compared to two in the control group. Both groups rated lockdown memories as less positive and more negative and reported feeling more sad and worried when reminiscing about lockdown experiences compared to 'other personal memories' and 'future projections'. Compared to the non-ADHD controls, adolescents with ADHD reported more sadness, t(30) = −0.2.45, p <.05 and worries t(30) = −3.84, p <.001 when reminiscing about the lockdown. Even though there were no striking differences between groups in the assessments on risk of depression, the findings suggest that adolescents diagnosed with ADHD were more negatively affected when recalling memories about the lockdown compared to their peers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a large-scale study, we asked people for their memories of The Beatles. Over four thousand respondents completed an online questionnaire. The memory could be related to a song, album, event, TV, film, or even a personal encounter. Respondents judged the age at which the event remembered had occurred and rated the memory for vividness, emotional intensity, valence and rehearsal. We found 38% of the memories were classified as "seeing The Beatles live", 25% "buying Beatles music", 20% "love of The Beatles" and 17% of the memories were "listening to Beatles songs with other people" – what we refer to as cascading memories. Among the younger respondents (aged 26 and under), 84% of the memories were cascading in nature. The memories dated to what we term the "self-defining period" in autobiographical memory (previously termed "the reminiscence bump"), with a mean age-at-encoding of 13.6 years, which is consistent with other studies of memories associated with music. We propose that these memories reflect the formation of generational identity [Mannheim, K. (1952). The problem of generations. In K. Mannheim (Ed.), Essays on the sociology knowledge (pp. 276–321). Routledge & Keegan Paul]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given that types of reminiscing consistently predict psychological well-being, the current study investigated how older adults' reminiscing related to their appraisal of the COVID-19 pandemic and to the advice letters they wrote for younger adults. The sample of 107 community-dwelling older adults (Mage = 74.55, SDage = 5.89) completed self-report questionnaires to report (a) level of life-disruption experienced due to the pandemic, (b) type and frequency of reminiscing during the pandemic, and (c) current positive and negative appraisals of the pandemic. Forty participants also produced essays providing advice to younger people about how to overcome a life challenge such as the pandemic. Correlational analyses revealed that positive reminiscence functions positively correlated with both positive (mean r(105) =.42, p <.006) and negative pandemic appraisals (mean r(105) =.44, p <.006), whereas negative reminiscence functions correlated with negative pandemic appraisals (mean r(105) =.31, p <.006) but not with positive pandemic appraisals (mean r(105) =.15, p >.006). Individuals who reminisced more tended to produce advice that was more positively (r(38) =.36, p =.02) and negatively (r(38) =.34, p =.03) valanced; and those who reminisced more with the function of identity development also gave advice that focused on this issue (r(38) =.44, p =.004). Overall, these results suggest that positive reminiscing is linked to older adults' capacity to view both positive and negative facets of challenging life situations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This reflection offers a close perspective of a long-term mentoring, collegial and friendship relationship I had with Charles Garvin, lifetime member of the International Association of Social Work with Groups (IASWG) and group work scholar. Charles Garvin passed away peacefully in August, 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kenneth Bainbridge recounts his role during the first nuclear bomb test in July 1945. This is the second and final installment of his account of the test. It also concludes a series of reminiscences of 12 nuclear pioneers begun in the Bulletin in April 1974. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) during early childhood is associated with self-regulation difficulties. Caregivers can facilitate children's self-regulation through emotion-focused conversations about past experiences, buffering downstream effects. However, caregivers experiencing violence may avoid distressing emotions activated by such conversations. This paper explores two different models of relational stress responses, one involving indirect effects (i.e. spillover effects) and the other moderation (i.e. buffering effects). Mothers (n = 117), oversampled for violence exposure, self-reported on IPV and participated in an emotional reminiscing task with children (aged 3–5 years); narratives were coded for maternal sensitive guidance. Maternal sensitive guidance was related to children's self-regulation. Sensitive guidance did not have indirect effects in the association between IPV exposure and children's self-regulation, but did buffer the association between physical IPV and self-regulation; this pattern did not hold for psychological IPV. Results suggest sensitive guidance during reminiscing may promote self-regulation in contexts of high IPV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under what life conditions do individuals turn to perfectionistic striving and ideals as a solution? The present paper examines how people with perfectionism narrate their relationship to our shared existential vulnerability; that we are vulnerable as human beings, and that the ways we relate to this vulnerability have consequences for psychological health. In the present qualitative study, we explored the life narratives told by nine students with perfectionism, drawing on semi-structured life-story interviews. We conducted an explorativereflexive thematic analysis and identified five themes: 1) Outside--Feeling Alienated, 2) Relating to Chaos, 3) Trying to Control the Painful and Uncontrollable, 4) Islands of Just Being and Positive Contact, and 5) Heading Toward a Balance Between Doing and Being. Their perfectionism can be seen as a way of handling existential vulnerability at a point in their lives where relational resources needed to stay firm in a vulnerable state are lacking. Perfectionistic themes influence their personal identity in the domain of narrative constructions, values, belongingness, and embodiment. Accomplishments were dominant themes in the plots of their narrative self-constructions and values. They felt their "self-made" identities kept others at a distance. However, we also found strivings for a more fulfilling life with broader self-definitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study examined how culture and gender influence the self-construal of mothers and their four-year-olds during dyadic reminiscing. Participants were 21 Thai (11 girls, 10 boys) and 21 American (10 girls, 11 boys) mother-child dyads. Thai dyads exhibited a more interdependent self-construal, whereas American dyads exhibited a more independent self-construal, as measured by personal and group pronoun usage and discussions of behavioral expectations, thoughts and feelings, and personal attributes. Girls and boys differed in the extent to which their self-construal was defined in relation to others in their social groups, for example girls mentioned teachers and classmates more than boys. Culture and gender also interacted in influencing self-construal, with Thai girls (but not boys) mentioning family members more than American counterparts. These findings suggest that the development of children's self-construal, particularly the extent to which children are socialized to view and express themselves independently of others or interdependently with others, differs depending on culture and gender. This work contributes to our understanding of the relationship between autobiographical memory and self during the formative years. Starting as early as preschool, our social environment influences the way we remember our experiences, which in turn shapes our self-construal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children's use of appropriate techniques for remembering and the effectiveness of deliberate strategies improve throughout elementary school. However, relatively little is known about the contextual factors that may play a role in the development of these skills as children enter formal school. Building upon findings from the mother – child reminiscing literature, the current study was designed to examine concurrent and longitudinal associations between maternal elaborative reminiscing style, children's autobiographical memory, and children's deliberate memory skills. Fifty-one children entering kindergarten, drawn from three schools in the Southeastern region of the United States, were assessed with a battery that included tasks for measuring autobiographical memory and deliberate memory. In a parent – child reminiscing task , parent – child dyads discussed two jointly-experienced events, and parents were categorized as higher or lower in their elaborative reminiscing style. The results reveal an association between parents' reminiscing style and their children's performance on the Free Recall with Organizational Training Task , in which both spontaneous and trained strategy use and recall are measured. Although elaborative reminiscing style was not associated with children's spontaneous strategy use or recall performance at school entry, children with higher elaborative mothers displayed higher levels of strategy use and recall scores after training than did children with lower elaborative mothers. These findings highlight linkages between parents' elaborative style and children's uptake and successful use of strategic organizational training, underscoring the role that parent – child reminiscing conversations play in the socialization of cognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to explore how maternal reminiscing relates to socioemotional development during middle childhood. Specifically, analyses explored the link between maternal reminiscing and children's internalizing (emotional problems and peer problems), externalizing (hyperactivity and conduct problems) and prosocial behavior within a large and diverse sample of New Zealand families, after controlling for a range of child and maternal sociodemographic factors. A subset of 1404 mother-child dyads (663 boys) were selected from the longitudinal study Growing Up in New Zealand's 8-year data collection wave. Mother-child reminiscing conversations about a past negative emotional event were coded using a scale-based measure of maternal elaboration. After controlling for child and maternal sociodemographic characteristics, regression analyses identified unique associations between maternal reminiscing style and children's concurrent scores on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Overall, greater maternal elaboration was associated with fewer child emotional problems and greater child prosocial behavior. This study presents novel data exploring the importance of mother-child reminiscing interactions at a critical and sensitive time in child development. Future research should explore bidirectional influences across time between mothers' elaborative reminiscing and children's socioemotional development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kenneth Arrow's Social Choice and Individual Values (Cowles Monograph No. 12, 1951), a work that established the field of social choice and set the limits for what public economic theory could hope to achieve, was formulated at the Cowles Commission at the University of Chicago from 1947 to 1949 (and during the summer of 1948 at the RAND Corporation) in a context in which concern with using economic theory to guide the economy was intense. During the period just before he shared in developing the Arrow-Debreu-McKenzie proof of existence of general equilibrium, Arrow moved through a series of papers to prove the non-existence of a social welfare function. The context of Arrow's non-existence proof for aggregation of individual preferences into social welfare function and to Arrow's shift from trying to prove a possibility theorem for social welfare to proving an impossibility theorem has been confused by a reprinted and influential reminiscence in which Arrow mis-remembered when he had spent a summer at RAND and when he had presented his impossibility theorem to the Econometric Society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intergenerational service-learning offers many benefits to undergraduate college students but can pose challenges too. One potential challenge is if an older adult participant dies during the program. Currently, there is a lack of literature providing guidance to instructors about how to proceed when such an event occurs. This article provides an example of such an event from the Lives Well Lived program and applies information from the grief literature to offer recommendations for instructors on how to plan for such an incident, and how to respond if an older adult dies during a service-learning program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When adults are asked to recall personal past events, transitional episodes occurring in late adolescence and early adulthood are especially likely to be remembered. In addition, recent research has shown that older adults' memories of middle adulthood tend to cluster around the transitional event of moving to a new residence. In the present research, adults recalled five memories of events that occurred between ages 7 and 13, and they subsequently identified family moves that occurred during the same age interval. As hypothesised, participants' event memories were over-represented in the year of their most important childhood move. Memory clustering was enhanced for moves that were linked retrospectively to other salient coinciding events (e.g., a parental divorce). The results provide additional support for the idea that prominent life transitions provide an organising structure for autobiographical memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Personal reminiscence styles are known to influence a person's well-being, but research regarding their impact on bereavement outcomes is limited. Based on previous findings, we assumed ruminative and reflective reminiscence styles to be associated with feelings of grief and personal growth, and that meaning-making efforts and the degree of having meaning-made of losing a loved one potentially mediate these relationships. The final study sample consisted of 198 participants aged between18 and 75 years (Mage = 40.58, SD = 39.0), 83.3% were female. In a first step, we ran separate mediation models to examine the associations between reminiscence styles, processes of making meaning of the loss and bereavement. Based on these results, we build a parsimonious, inclusive pathway model. Our findings indicate that a ruminative reminiscence style is related to feelings of grief and personal growth through its associations with meaning-made. A reflective reminiscence style, in contrast, is associated with feelings of grief through its relation to meaning-making efforts. Moreover, a reflective reminiscence style is directly related to personal growth. Findings are discussed regarding their implications for both areas of research — autobiographical remembering and adaptation to bereavement, as well as their applicability in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As museums evolve and shift toward interactive exhibitions by utilizing cutting-edge technologies, there has been a gap in research that distinguishes interactive exhibit experiences from static exhibit experiences. Therefore, using the grounded theory method [Corbin, Juliet, and Anselm Strauss. Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2014], we investigated how students feel, enjoy, behave, and learn when they use interactive exhibits in science museums. We examined the roles of expectation, attention, engagement, immersion, memory, and reminiscence in the context of the static exhibit experiential model, utilizing a wide variety of previous research. Additionally, we coded and analyzed the data obtained from a shadowing and interview process, which brought us to the conclusion that there is a distinguishable experiential model for interactive exhibitions, which includes the key elements of fun and sharing. The model was broken down into the pre-, during, and post-visit phases, considering each of the key elements separately. We believe the model we propose can contribute to the literature by providing an initial framework for visitors' experiences with interactive exhibitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In George Orwell's dystopian novel I 1984 i - which has become a bestseller among Russians after their country invaded Ukraine in February 2022[1] - a dictatorship wages war not to achieve any foreign policy objective nor grand utopian vision, but to distract the population and break its desire to resist oppression and injustice at home. Russia's doctrines have openly proclaimed the regime-preservation motive for its aggressive behavior The worldviews expressed in Russia's official foreign and security policy documents have often been interpreted as expressions of unbridled paranoia.[41] But a paranoid stance can also be adopted deliberately, to serve the purposes of a rational, cold-blooded strategy for regime preservation. A corrupt personalist dictatorship - whose leader has a 70 percent chance to end up dead, in prison, or in exile if he loses power, judging by the fate of his peers from across the globe - could not function in any other way.[47] What to Expect from the Kremlin's Regime Survivalism Regime-survivalism does not only capture the priorities of Russia's dictatorship more accurately; it also predicts that the Kremlin will behave more dangerously than the traditional realist and ideological models of Russian conduct suggest. A 2020 investigative report by Russia's independent news outlet I Meduza i found that the FSO has maintained a massive program to survey popular attitudes toward Putin and to detect potential indicators of popular rebellion.[35] Putin has been absolutely obsessed with tracking the public mood to stave off threats to his rule Putin is known to eagerly receive detailed weekly briefings on these polls, which have decisively shaped his policies and public image. [Extracted from the article]

This article highlights how in the UK ageism derives from invasive and pervasive capitalist practices, where our cultural understanding of 'being old' is driven by institutional exit from the labour market. The article explores how ageism has bled into applied theatre practices and problematizes the widespread use of reminiscence theatre as an ageist methodology, as it restricts older people's experiences to the past. Issues of power between the facilitator and practitioner are also explored by questioning the exclusive nature of reviewing and editing older people's personal recollections and who determines what memories have creative value. This article advocates that the field must now fracture away from reminiscence models and instead I propose an Anti-Ageism Praxis (AAP), which functions as a resistance against the invasion of capitalist informed ageism and oppressive ageist theatrical engagement. Instead, AAP places emphasis on shared power, co-collaboration, being present and creating theatre that is informed by real time moments, feelings and thoughts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing at encoding has been shown to improve later recall of to-be-remembered words, pictures, and academic terms, compared to when one simply writes out the target information. Here we examined whether drawing in a diary, compared to writing in it, differentially improved later memorability of personal autobiographical events, and whether aging influenced the magnitude of this effect. Thirty younger and thirty older adults were given a diary booklet, and instructed to use it to reminisce about a random daily event of their choosing, on 12 days within a two-week period. They recorded the event on each day in one of two ways, counterbalanced within-subject: by writing about or by drawing a picture of the event. Participants also generated a keyword descriptor for each event. After the two-week period, participants were cued using their keyword descriptors to recall each autobiographical memory by writing it down. Self-reported match accuracy, between reminisced and recalled events was tabulated. Across age groups, match accuracy was significantly higher for those drawn than written during the reminiscing phase. In addition, we compared the word count, level of detail, visual imagery, and point of view of the recalled memories. Self-reports of the level of detail in the recalled memory were better maintained for events drawn compared to written during the reminiscing stage, and better maintained in older than younger adults. Our findings suggest the use of drawing, while reminiscing within a diary format, enhances accuracy and quality of later recollections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cognitive reflection, or the ability to inhibit intuitive and incorrect responses in favour of correct responses, predicts performance on a variety of cognitive tasks. The present study examined interventions to improve cognitive reflection. In two experiments, college students (N = 491) were assigned to one of three conditions, completed two versions of a cognitive reflection test (CRT), and then completed transfer tasks. Between the two CRTs, some participants were provided with elaborative feedback, others were instructed to consider additional responses for their initial responses and the final group was a control. In both experiments, CRT performance increased between the first and second CRT in the feedback and instruction groups, but not in the control group. There was little evidence, however, for transfer to other tasks. These results suggest that cognitive reflection performance can be improved with brief interventions but that this improvement may not transfer to related tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of parental reminiscing style (the way parents discuss past events with their children) on the development of children's autobiographical memory has been well documented. The specific mechanisms involved in this effect, however, remain unknown. We explored the association between specific components of parental reminiscing and preschoolers' episodic memory. Fifty-three parent–child dyads (MChild Age = 53.13 months, 29 females) from Belgium were tested twice within a delay of about nine months. At the first time point, parental reminiscing style was assessed via a parent–child discussion of a prior standardised event (a museum visit) focusing on both the structure of parental interactions and the addressed content. At each time point, children were administered with story–recall tasks in the form of true–false recognition about previously heard stories. Generalised linear mixed-effect models were conducted on an item-by-item basis. Results indicated that parental reminiscing is associated with preschoolers' recognition memory performance at both time points, but not all reminiscing components equally influence children's performance. Specifically, parents' concretisations and metamemory talk were found to impact children's memory. The identification of these components provided insights for exploring the processes underlying the reminiscing–memory influence (in-depth encoding of information, binding processes, and metacognition). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autobiographical memory impairments are prominent in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Yet, life narratives of AD patients are scarcely examined. Here, twenty-one older adults diagnosed with probably AD and 22 age-matched healthy controls told their life story, and dated the events mentioned in these narratives. AD patients provided significantly fewer life story memories overall, but the proportion of memories with reference to specific events did not differ between groups. Patients included fewer negative events in their life story, while the emotional tone of narratives was similar across groups. Impairments were found on most structural aspects, with patients' narratives being less coherent and ending somewhere in the past, while no differences were seen for life story beginnings. Both groups showed a peak in remembered events dated to young adulthood, consistent with a reminiscence bump. However, in contrast to controls, patients displayed a steep drop in life story memories after the age of 30. For both groups, a high proportion of memories within the bump period were of life script events, consistent with the idea that the life script helps to structure the recall of personal life story memories, thus suggesting that AD patients still benefit from the retrieval support of this semantic structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Remembering one's personal past serves psychosocial functions. Adaptive use of autobiographical memory is related to well-being but little research has focused on grief. We address this in two studies theoretically grounded in the model of reminiscence and health. Method: Participants were adults who were actively grieving, and in both studies, completed the Reminiscence Functions Scale and grief-related measures (i.e. feelings of grief, positive changes in life perspective). Study 1 focused on uses for generally recalling one's past and Study 2 on uses of memories of the deceased. Results: Across studies, self-negative ways of remembering were associated with stronger feelings of grief and also mediated relations between social ways of remembering and grief. Self-positive ways of remembering the deceased (Study 2) were associated with having experienced positive changes in life perspective since the loss. Conclusion: The discussion focuses on how memories of one's personal past are linked to the experience of loss, even years into bereavement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]