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Despite the success of videographic methods, they have not been used to expand the range of contexts where institutional complexity informs marketing theory. In applying participant videography to such a study, however, we can also better understand how both methods and researchers themselves are variously embedded in the institutional complexity being studied. We explore this through the idea of hyphen-spaces amongst researchers, between researcher and participants, and involving the technologies used in research. We show how video helps researchers to understand institutional complexity in contexts where consumption practices may be difficult for participants to reflect on and articulate. We then further explain how interpreting video data opens up hyphen-spaces in which the research team can reflect on their own institutional embeddedness and implicit political aims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to contribute to scholarship on online video activism by looking at mobilization videos created by the Support Art Workers (SAW) movement which emerged during the COVID-19 crisis in Greece. Our main observation is that several SAW videos consist of an assemblage of performance art elements and protest visuals which together with expressive uses of video production exemplify a "videography as performance" approach. We examine three SAW mobilization videos as a type of "activist video as performance," which, aside from their function as invitations to protest-events, also form an innovative means of encouraging active civic engagement. Furthermore, we argue that aspects of the performance art elements and protest imagery included in the videos speak back to previous protest trajectories in Greece. Our overall objective is to show how SAW's communication tactics have shaped new ways of visualizing protest goals that expand existing paradigms of online activist video. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to examine spatiotemporal and joint kinematic differences between footstrike patterns in 10,000 m running. Seventy-two men’s and 42 women’s footstrike patterns were analysed during laps 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 (of 25) using 2D video recordings. Approximately 47% of men were FFS throughout the race, 30% were MFS and 24% RFS; the respective frequencies in women were approximately 30%, 38% and 32%. Overall, 83% of men and 88% of women retained their footstrike pattern throughout the race. Amongst the 53 men and 33 women with symmetrical footstrike patterns, there were no differences in speed, step length or cadence between footstrike groups in either sex. Most lower limb joint angles did not change in these athletes during the event, with few differences between footstrike patterns apart from ankle and foot angles. A greater hip-ankle distance was found in RFS than in FFS (both sexes) and in RFS than in MFS (men only), although these differences were never more than 0.03 m. Coaches should note that habitual footstrike patterns were maintained during this long-distance track race despite changes in running speed and possible fatigue, and there were few performance differences between footstrike patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Black Hip Hop tradition, specifically rap, has appropriated and rechanneled music technologies and inscribed new meanings for cultural, economic, social, and political gains, videography included. Through an ethnographic study of Hip Hop in rural northeast North Carolina, USA, this project incorporates the voices of local Hip Hop videographers and rap artists to suggest that Hip Hop videography is a form of performative Blackness that exemplifies how the visual is a site of vernacular possibility. It shows how Black artists in rural northeast North Carolina work within the specific structure of the trap subgenre, which originated in urban centres, only to rupture it with visuals of rural Blackness. By demanding audiences to 'listen' to images, Hip Hop artists in the area known as 'the 252' use local history and the visual subjectivity of the surrounding region to alter the sonic experience of songs to set forth a local identity. This research positions Hip Hop videography as a relational space where identities are inhabited, imagined, and transformed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the light of the recent proliferation of interest in videographic methods in marketing and consumer research, we wish to make a call for thinking critically about the medium. In this article, we challenge traditional means of semiotic analysis and consider contexts outside aesthetic symbolism that take into account wider agencements of videographic inquiry. We sensitise thinking about videographic production to include a broad scope of influence beyond production and spectatorship. By positing a mode of desiring relationalities in 'semiocapitalist' markets, and through the illustrative example of pop-music videos, we show how videography not only produces symbols, but also has the tendency to discipline the viewer into particular subjective positions. We hope to add to the conceptual toolkit of aspiring video scholars and encourage them to be increasingly critical and reflexive about their potential impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What do consumers need from a narrative? How can videographers satisfy those needs? Through semi-structured interviews with 55 Eurostar passengers from 14 countries, this film documents how people define narratives, why they need them, and how they experience the effects of need for narrative. The adjoining commentary contributes to the development of videography as an attractive method by introducing the videographer's perspective and elucidating key story elements that can help satisfy viewers' needs for narrative. The suggested approach maintains the vivid quality of videography and respects its methodological rigour, while increasing its effectiveness in close alignment with a consumer society that visual communication increasingly permeates. As such, the commentary and the film jointly unveil videographers' etic and viewers' emic use and evaluation of the videographic method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The audience is an important part of videography, but its role tends to be seen as passive and unengaged. The audience's experience is often guided in videography, with intended reaction made clear. Yet such an approach to the audience does not make use of the possibilities of videography for inciting active interaction and incorporating multiple interpretations. Previous research has suggested that videography has potential for interventional influence on audiences by taking on the performative turn in research. Developing more deeply the notions of performance and performativity in the context of videography, this paper proposes that one way to activate audiences, interact directly with them and engage them in meaning-making is to approach videography as performance. To provide practical suggestions for creating such performance, the paper contextualises videography as a recording medium, thus establishing its ontological position and ties to other media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building theory with ethnography and filmic research increasingly requires focussing on key practices or settings, instead of painting a broad panorama of a culture. But few authors discuss why and how to focus. This article provides a systematic discussion of the theoretical and methodological underpinnings of focusing ethnographic research by comparing different schools of thought and suggesting a practice theory-based approach. It argues that many research projects are focused but do not reflect on the process of focusing, describes how to identify focal settings or practices, and introduces sequential analysis as a tool for studying them. Analysing videos, documents and language are discussed in turn, and methods for ensuring quality in focused ethnography are suggested. Finally, the article provides recommendations for publishing focused ethnography as text or film. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a review of the past 30 years of videographic research and outputs in the field of marketing, we highlight the key contributions that videography has made to the marketing literature and identify the key issues facing videographic research today. We develop a typology that identifies four ways that videography can contribute to theory development and verification, presenting new criteria for assessing academic videographies. We note that making theoretical contributions is one of the most difficult issues facing videographic researchers and that this is an area in need of significant developments to help the field progress. Finally, we envision what the future of videography might look like and consider the implications of new forms of videographies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents data from a videographic study that aims to explore the possibilities and limits of multilingual teaching approaches currently integrated in the curriculum and foreign language textbooks in German-speaking Switzerland. The focus of this paper is on sequences in which primary school children aged 11–12 deal with typical multilingual activities that refer to home languages. Such activities usually aim to make home languages visible and valued. The corpus of this study consists of 32 videos of 90 min each in which pupils deal with multilingual activities in small groups. The videos were transcribed and analysed using qualitative content analysis. This paper discusses possible challenges and opportunities for including home languages in the classroom. Among the opportunities observed are students being admired for their linguistic knowledge in their home languages or being glad to be referred to as experts for their home languages. At the same time, situations of 'valorisation against students will' were observed, i.e. moments in which pupils are uneasy with being referred to as experts of their respective home languages. Furthermore, instances of a superficial inclusion of students' home languages will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Video research methods provide a powerful yet accessible way for researchers to observe and theorize entrepreneurial phenomena by analyzing entrepreneurship "in motion." Despite the growing uptake of video data in entrepreneurship research, there is no available overview or analysis of current uses of video research methods, which makes it difficult for interested researchers to grasp its value and possibilities. Our systematic review of 142 entrepreneurship research articles published in leading journals reveals three dominant video research methods: (a) videography of entrepreneurship "in the wild" (such as pitching and other naturally occurring practices); (b) video content analysis using entrepreneur-generated videos (such as crowdfunding and archival videos); and (c) video elicitation in "manufactured" contexts (such as interviews and focus groups, experiments and interventions). Building on these studies, we put forward a research agenda for video-based entrepreneurship research that capitalizes on the unique affordances of video to understand the interactional, embodied, material, and emotional nature of entrepreneurial practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumers rely on possessions to construct their identity. Yet, literature lacks a coherent organizing structure to understand the multiple ways consumers rely on possessions to construct their identity. This article addresses this issue by synthesizing current and prior research to identify the multiple ways possessions become identity relevant to consumers. Current findings report on video ethnographic accounts of possession biographies, discussing 594 possessions solicited from 57 participants. The identified themes outline five main sources of elevated self-possession identity relevance: internal management, impression management, activity facilitation, personal preference satisfaction, and self-communication. In addition to broadening the scope of sources or drivers of possession identity relevance that can facilitate the development of novel consumer-product relationships, three product positioning strategies for managers are offered: (1) staging possessions for future resourcing, (2) positioning possessions as activity proxies, and (3) promoting products as multipurpose. The research concludes by offering suggestions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although there is a growing body of literature focusing on the use of qualitative research approaches for understanding human-animal relations, surprisingly little attention has been devoted to the topic in tourism studies. In particular, the central role played by animals in the tourism industry and thus in the creation of tourism experiences calls for a more critical reflection on the methodologies through which the relations and encounters between humans and non-humans are studied. Considering this gap, we draw upon videography to explore the potential and challenges of using video as a means to interpret and theorise on multispecies relations in tourism. More precisely, we use videography to better understand the co-constructed relationship between humans and animals engaged in tourism activities, leading us to consider these relationships as multispecies assemblages. Our attempts to explore and document these encounters on video lead us to critically evaluate the ethical and epistemological underpinnings of our study and hence to the genesis of this methodological paper. Although challenged by a post-humanist stance, videography as a 'more-than-representational' approach offers ways to capture non-linguist, sensuous and embodied qualities of the research context. Utilising these possibilities, our study contributes to the development of more inclusive tourism theorising and futures by exploring videography as a vehicle for emergent theorising on human-animal relations through its relational and political nature of engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Professionally produced wedding videos are evocative artefacts. Capturing the ritual of the wedding, the wedding video stands as a postcard that showcases the conspicuous display of emotion that assumes a central place in the memorialization and indeed the very praxis of the modern wedding ritual. The role of music in the wedding video is crucial; representing a key partner to the imagery of the wedding, the musical dimensions emotionally charge the artefact in perpetuity. In this article we argue that the musical soundtrack of wedding videos services manifold functions, including the enabling of narrative continuity, providing a sense of propulsive rhythm, pacing and supporting the successful communication of emotions that sits at the centre of the compressed iconography of the wedding. Although the visual elements play a lead role, we contend that the unseen qualities of the musical materials also play an integral function; undergirding the images of the wedding and mediating the emotional and affective display. The argument presented is based on an analysis of 132 selected publicly available videos, sourced from wedding videographers based in the Australian cities of Sydney and Melbourne. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this novel study was to analyse key kinematic variables during the water jump clearance amongst world-class 3,000 m steeplechasers. Thirteen men and 13 women were recorded as they negotiated the last water jump in the 2017 IAAF World Championship finals. Video footage (100 Hz) was recorded using three high-definition camcorders to derive spatiotemporal data; spatial data were normalised to athletes' statures. The time to cover the distance from 4.5 m before the water jump barrier to 4.5 m after ("9 m time") was used to describe overall clearance success. Although men had longer approach and exit step lengths, there were no differences when the data were normalised; by contrast, men's landing distances were greater in both absolute and relative terms. Women's shorter landing distances meant negotiating deeper water when exiting, with those athletes with longer landing distances running faster 9 m times (r = – 0.87). Obtaining a high position on the barrier (clearance height) was correlated with longer landing distances (men: r = 0.75, women: r = 0.71) and could indicate better technique. Coaches should note that although technical proficiency in all aspects of the clearance is imperative, optimising the athlete's landing distance is paramount. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers the challenge of representing embodied, multisensory experience of 'bodies-in-place' through film, an audio-visual medium. The first section, 'Seeing bodies', sets the context within a more general 'return to the senses' in the social sciences, and particularly within ethnographic fieldwork, in order to reconnect place and sense through mobile encounter. 'Feeling bodies', the second section on sensory reflexivity and positionality, considers the ensuing question regarding how researchers themselves are emplaced in embodied, ethnographic contexts. We argue for ways that the multiple senses of reflexive 'bodies-in-place' can be evoked or conveyed through multimodal (audio-visual) media, like film, especially through dialogue in accompanying screenings. The third section, 'Showing bodies-in-place', examines multimodal videographic practices that emerged whilst conducting interviews, ethnographic observation and impromptu videographic experiments in the field. The final section, 'Showing bodies', builds from those emergent practices to offer a series of practical methodological suggestions and provocations for future research to solidify the case for the utility of a reflexive haptic videography within fieldwork. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors provide an interdisciplinary investigation of student videography for assessment in higher education. Video is becoming a dominant communication modality in our world; school students are taught to create and critique it and educators employ it on-line. Yet the opportunity to include appropriate video-based assessments that capture integrated graduate attributes has been largely missed in higher education. The authors reflect on a health professional student case study which illustrates how video enables students to powerfully demonstrate achievement against learning outcomes: they used filmic techniques to display empathy, patient centred collaboration and interprofessional communication. They also reflect on the barriers to video-based assessment raised by academics. Finally, they call upon leaders in higher education to recognise the utility of multi-media approaches to assessment of complex but critical graduate skills such as communication, digital literacy and interdisciplinarity, in addition to demonstrating the application of disciplinary knowledge to relevant and authentic problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Race walking is an event where the knee must be straightened from first contact with the ground until midstance. The aim of this study was to compare knee angle measurements between 2D videography and 3D optoelectronic systems. Passive retroreflective markers were placed on the right leg of 12 race walkers and 3D marker coordinate data captured (250 Hz), with 2D video data (100 Hz) recorded simultaneously. Knee angle data were first derived based on the markers' coordinates, and separately by using a 3D model that also incorporated thigh and shank clusters; the video data were analysed using both automatic tracking and manual digitising, creating four conditions overall. Differences were calculated between conditions for stance (using root mean square values), and at discrete events. There were few differences between systems, although the 3D model produced larger angles at midstance than using automatic tracking and marker coordinates (by 3 - 6°, P < 0.05). These differences might have occurred because of how the 3D model locates the hip joint, and because of the addition of marker clusters. 2D videography gave similar results to the 3D model when using manual digitising, as it allowed for errors caused by skin movement to be corrected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the study that forms the basis of this article, I have shed light on various aspects of how the intuitive actions of the teacher appear in the classroom, and also drawn attention to the tacit aspect of this kind of actions. Furthermore, I have discussed how these can be seen as a significant part of the teacher’s intuitive action competency. The investigation also discusses how teachers’ education can facilitate the development of this competency. The study argues that what is crucial to how the teacher handles unexpected situations is that he, based on his experience, manages to face new situations with enough creativity to break free from established patterns across situations, and act in an appropriate manner according to the emerging situation. Data are collected by using video recordings, applying videography as a methodological approach. Four teachers have been videotaped in the classroom, in total 45–50 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our digital age of information acquisition, multimedia information streams are constant, constantly changing and often contain multiple messages about topics important to everyday life, such as energy geographies. Recognizing that college students are prime consumers of digital information, it seems that crafting of academic engagement for and with students that is in touch with the knowledge networks they utilize and will continue to be part of today and into the future is important. Engaging students in the production of videos about important topics, such as energy geographies, aids them in becoming critical producers of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Google Glass was deployed in an Urban Studies field course to gather videographic data for team-based student research projects. We evaluate the potential for wearable computing technology such as Glass, in combination with other mobile computing devices, to enhance reflexive research skills, and videography in particular, during field research. The utility as well as the limitations of Google Glass are discussed, including its actual and potential application for teaching and data gathering purposes in the field. As such, this article constitutes one of the first instances of evaluating Google Glass as a social science research tool. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article discusses the practice implications of videographic research examining the everyday lived experiences of 5 women family caregivers of older adults with chronic illness. The women’s nonverbal expressions and gestures revealed how caregiving is accomplished and lived on a daily basis, in particular through emotion and body management, abnegation, and performance. The findings from this microethnographic study suggest that observing women caregivers’ everyday experiences can open new avenues for holistic intervention with this population. Observing nonverbal cues can offer a way for practitioners to better understand women caregivers’ realities, to question their practice, and to adapt their interventions accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Although splitting up a class into teams is a consistent didactical element in physical education (PE), it is under-investigated in terms of how students handle the social dynamics in these situations. Therefore, the present study examines the strategies of exclusion as markers for non-recognition when students are split up into teams/pairs. The data set includes video data from 6 different classes (a total of 59 video sequences) and 40 video-stimulated recall interviews with children who were excluded when the class was split up into teams/pairs or with children that excluded others. Sociograms as well as PE teacher ratings about their students’ sport competence were also analysed. Four different exclusion and inclusion strategies were identified: accepting or ignoring “assurance strategies” before the class is split up into teams/pairs, negotiating the affiliation of an individual when students get into pairs, publicly denying the affiliation to a team, and publicly negotiating the individual’s value for a team. The findings show that students use the team-selection proceedings and situations when the class was split up into teams as opportunities to transmit non-recognition. The social order was publicly demonstrated and legitimated. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this media-saturated society, students need to think more critically about the media they encounter and that they are producing. Through filmmaking, students can link geographic theory and the real world, bridging the distance from readings/lectures/ discussions to the geography on the ground, making the abstract concrete. But constructing films also enhances students' understanding of the communications they consume and the communications they construct (films, television, podcasts, YouTube, etc.). In this article, a student and instructor discuss the making of short films or videos in geography classes and how it can enhance both geographic education and media literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently we presented our concept of 'videography with the slit lamp,' which provides an imaging solution for nearly every pathological finding in ophthalmology. This paper deals with the changes that must be made to prepare the slit lamp for documenting squint. To achieve this goal we propose: 1. Changes in the observation system: minus lenses in front of the objective of the slit lamp to achieve a sharp image of both eyes (eg, −8 diopters [dpt] if the patient sits at a distance of 50 cm). 2. Changes in the illumination system: minimizing the narrowed angle between illumination and observation axis by holding a 'recentration' prism of 14 dpt horizontally in front of the slit light. This procedure creates equally sufficient illumination of the patient's face and central corneal reflexes. 3. Recording clinical findings with a digital recorder. This enables us to identify binocular eye positions, which sometimes last only part of a second, eg, in latent or intermittent strabism. 4. Visualizing clinical findings by using Microsoft PowerPoint® to build up 9-gaze composites or adjust corneal reflexes on subsequent foils. Changes in binocular eye positions (eg, after surgery, but also during diagnostic covering) can be made visible by flickering between the foils to compare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we demonstrate the complexity of consumer decision-making within the supermarket and use videographic techniques to gain greater insight into this. We propose that grocery shopping, often perceived as a routine behavior, can in fact, become quite complex. The broad pattern emerging from our study was that the less time the participant spent looking at the shelves, the less emotion displayed. Where there was longer time spent, there was also increasing physical interaction with the product and a greater display of mostly negative emotion. We suggest that this presents a conundrum for retailers. Does the lack of emotion indicate little or no commitment to the store and/or brand? Or are they so loyal there is no need for consumer engagement? This exploration suggests that further insight can be gained if the emphasis is on how the consumer interacts with their brands rather than assuming that all grocery decisions are predictive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-speed video and optical spectroscopy have been used to monitor and account for the improved performance of a solid lubricating interfacial compound (SLIC) treatment of Cu armatures and Cu rails in a subsonic railgun. Videos were taken at 68k frames per second both down bore (breech view) and along the exit path of the gun (muzzle view). A spectrometer collected data at 1 spectrum per ms outside the muzzle. Armatures were made by threading Cu or Cu-clad Al staples through a Delrin projectile. The SLIC treatment consisted of rubbing staples and rails with a fiberglass-reinforced PTFE (Rulon). Untreated staples and rails were susceptible to both arcing and subsequent light emissions, with light emission lasting much longer than coincident voltage spikes in muzzle voltage traces. SLIC-treated staples and rails showed significantly less light emissions, which allowed for real time, laser spot tracking of projectile motion. Image analysis showed that projectiles were accelerated at 10–14 kGees within 1 ms to final speeds around 130 ± 10 m/s. These speeds were consistent with exit speeds measured by a dual laser-beam speed detector. Cu staples exited the muzzle with only a small amount of light emission, whereas Al and Cu-clad Al staples produced an extended trail of light. Spectroscopic analysis identified atomic and ionic excitations of Cu and later molecular CuO with both Cu and Cu-clad Al staples. Molecular H2 lines were also detected, suggesting burning of Delrin. Spectroscopy identified the extended trail from Cu-clad Al staples to be AlO vapors from molten Al particles. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Peak joint angles and joint angular velocities were evaluated for varying speed forehands in an attempt to better understand what kinematic variables are most closely related to increases in post-impact ball velocity above 50% of maximal effort. High-speed video was used to measure three-dimensional motion for 12 highly skilled tennis players who performed forehands at three different post-impact ball speeds: fast (42.7 ± 3.8 m/s), medium (32.1 ± 2.9 m/s), and slow (21.4 ± 2.0 m/s). Several dominant-side peak joint angles (prior to ball impact) increased as post-impact ball speed increased from slow to fast: wrist extension (16%), trunk rotation (28%), hip flexion (38%), knee flexion (27%), and dorsiflexion (5%). Between the aforementioned peak joint angles and ball impact, dominant-side peak angular velocities increased as ball speed increased from slow to fast: peak wrist flexion (118%), elbow flexion (176%), trunk rotation (99%), hip extension (143%), knee extension (56%), and plantarflexion (87%). Most kinematic variables changed as forehand ball speed changed; however, some variables changed more than others, indicating that range of motion and angular velocity for some joints may be more closely related to post-impact ball speed than for other joints. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article discusses the origins of video-based approaches to social research and their continuation up to the present moment. It begins by considering early studies employing silent cinema film and audio recording, followed by the unification of audio and visual recording in sound cinema film. Special emphasis is placed on the perspectives and methods initiated by the 'Natural History of an Interview' research group; the first systematic study of verbal and nonverbal behavior together, as these occur in immediate social interaction in face-to-face encounters. The discussion then continues autobiographically as I recount my own early research experience of the development of video-based research approaches. This is followed by an overview of current work to show the wide range of contemporary research that uses video. The article concludes with a few speculations concerning likely futures for video-based approaches in social research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fandom is often stigmatized as abnormal, dangerous, or silly (Lewis 1992). At the same time, fanaticism and fandom in its various incarnations are becoming the story of the times and of central importance to marketing theory and practice. How to develop and utilize fanatical consumers is counterbalanced by the dilemma often encountered where the most committed fans resist the attempts by marketers to grow market share via the inclusion of less involved consumers. Examining so-called fanaticism in an in-depth manner provides new and unique insights into the processes and complexities that lead to deeply involved commitment to lifestyles and consumer products or brands. This research involved the interviewing of individuals who have experienced the "fanatic" label to attempt to understand the motivations that drive their consumption and to examine the way in which these stigmatizations are used, accepted, modified, or refuted in the definition and construction of identity. The use of videography was uniquely able to capture this experience from a first-person perspective. This is particularly important where the label and designation of "fanatic" is highly contested and controversial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Products and services promoted on a global scale raise issues of globalism that are more superficial than the issues raised by the globalization of world holidays. It is one thing to have an Ikea and a KFC in the city, and conceivably quite another thing to have Christmas, Valentine's Day, and Halloween. Holidays like these have more complex cultural ideologies behind them. They threaten to displace traditional local holidays. And they offer a significant context in which to examine the interplay of global and local forces in the contemporary marketplace. We ask to what degree Christmas in Japan represents Western cultural imperialism, global homogenization, and a Westernization of Japan, versus local cultural adaptation, hybridization, and appropriation . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumer ethics are an understudied but important counterpart of business ethics. In this study we use qualitative methods and video ethnography to examine consumer beliefs and behaviors in eight countries, including both affluent and poor nations in Europe, North America and Australasia. Using depth interviews and projective methods, informants address three different ethical choices of products involving harm to the environment, poor labor conditions, and counterfeit goods. As the accompanying video reveals, there is a general lack of consumer concern for such issues across cultures. We examine the justifications offered for these views and consider implications for altering consumer behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the increasingly popular use of brand symbols as imagery for tattooing. Through interviews with tattoo artists and netnographic research in tattoo communities, we capture a perceived boundary between the sacred, non‐commercial sphere of tattooing and the profane, profit maximizing sphere of the commercial world. In the tattoo subculture, brands are generally considered inappropriate for tattooing. Nevertheless, the tattoo artists more or less willingly accept the role of service providers for consumers wishing to embody brand symbols. The commercial sphere hence plays a role in the cultural identity of the tattoo culture as an Otherness, from which the tattoo culture defines itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the article "Videography in the area of conflict between data protection and practicability," by Patrick Simon, Michaela Hörmann, and Gerhard Tucek is presented.