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Objective: In recently air pollution is motivated by many agents and in the aerosol we can distinguish smallest airways, composed by biological particles, such as pollen grains and particulate of anthropogenic origin. During the last decade the size, shape, composition, sources and effect of these particle matters (PM) on human health have been studied by microscopic methods. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is therefore a valuable complementary microscopy technique for the comparative study of the pollen grains surface morphology. The main goals of this research we investigated to characterize the elemental differences in the composition of the airborne ash pollen exine wall and to describe the particulate matter found adhered to this pollen in the Tehran, capital city of Iran, using an Energy Dispersive X-Ray analysis (EDX) on the SEM and Atomic force microscopy (AFM). Material and Methods: The first stage, pollen grains were collected in pollutant area (Tehran regions) and nonpollutant area (Parand city near the Tehran).Then used SEM/EDX for pollen grains analysis and advantages of two samples for AFM for the imaging of reside in the sticky PM on the ash pollen surface of the high spatial resolution, compared with SEM images, and the unique three-dimensional rendition of the exine surface topography, which avoids cross sectioning of the samples. Results: Images showed of exine units from the tectum of polluted and non- polluted pollen were done by AFM. These units of polluted sample showed were recorded adhered the PM in exine surface as being 250 to 300nm wide. This particle matter size is lower than PM2.5. We have obtained atomically resolved images on single aerosol particles in Tehran at the first on environmental biological samples. Conclusion: Our results showed AFM images method can be used for identifying pollen surface contamination and evaluation of PM size more exact and showed good agreement with light and electron microscopy micrographs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]