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Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare neuroectodermal tumors resulting from the malignant transformation of benign plexiform neurofibromas. The sporadic form of these tumors is rare than familial variants (seen in neurofibromatosis Type 1) and making the diagnosis difficult. We are presenting a case of 40--year-old female with the complaint of progressive swelling of lower limb with initial suspicion of lymphedema and underwent lymphoscintigraphy, magnetic resonance imaging, and finally fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans were done to rule out mitotic etiology and extent of the disease. The patient underwent below-knee amputation, and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of sporadic MPNST. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteofibrous dysplasia or ossifying fibroma is an uncommon benign fibro-osseous lesion of childhood, commonly described in the maxilla and the mandible. Among long bones, it usually presents in the tibia as a painless swelling or anterior bowing. Ossifying fibroma of clavicle has never been reported in English literature, to the best of our knowledge. Here, we would like to present an unusual case of osteofibrous dysplasia of clavicle clinically mimicking chronic osteomyelitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bladder carcinoma is the most frequent tumor of the urinary tract and accounts 7% of all malignancies in men and 2% of all malignancies in women. This retrospective study was carried out to assess the diagnostic utility of F18-fludeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in the imaging evaluation of bladder carcinoma. Seventy-seven consecutive patients diagnosed to have carcinoma urinary bladder referred for F18-FDG PET/CT were included in this study. Thirty-four patients were for initial staging after transurethral biopsy and remaining 43 patients were for restaging. All patients also underwent CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis. PET/CT findings were correlated with diagnostic CT scan and histopathological findings. In 30 of the 34 patients for initial staging, both PET/CT and CT confirmed the primary lesion in the bladder. Histopathology report was available in 23 patients. Lymph nodes FDG uptake reported to be metastatic in 10/23 patients while CT detected lymph node metastasis in 12 patients. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy have been calculated to be 87.5%, 80%, 70%, 92%, 82% for PET/CT and 66%, 57%, 50%, 72%, 60% for CT respectively. PET/CT detected metastatic disease in 8 patients whereas CT detected in 4 patients. Of the 43 patients for restaging, local recurrence was detected in 24 patients on both PET/CT and CT. Histopathology report was available in 17 patients. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy were 85%, 60%, 60%, 85%, 70% for PET/CT and 80%, 50%, 40%, 85%, 58% for CT respectively. Nineteen patients were detected to have metastatic disease by PET/CT, whereas CT detected metastases in 11 patients. F-18 FDG PET/CT is a very useful modality in pre-operative staging and monitoring after surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy of patients with carcinoma urinary bladder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Choroid plexus papillomas (CPP) are most commonly found in children and rarely in adult. A very few cases are reported in geriatric population. We present a case of 72-year-old man with posterior fossa lesion operated with provisional diagnosis of metastasis, but turn out to be CPP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]