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Background: Bilateral breast cancer (BBC) is a rare clinical entity with limited data regarding clinicopathological aspects and treatment guidelines. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study of patients diagnosed with BBC from August 2012 to July 2014. Synchronous breast cancers (SBCs) was defined as two tumors diagnosed within an interval of 6 months and metachronous breast cancer (MBC) as second cancer diagnosed after 6 months. Results: Out of 750 breast cancer patients seen during a 2-year period, 35 had BBC. Ten patients were diagnosed as SBC whereas 25 patients as MBC. Among patients with MBC, the average time for development of contralateral breast cancer was 5 years. In 8 patients, the contralateral breast cancer was detected mammography whereas rest 27 patients were detected by clinical breast examination. At a median follow-up of 24 months, 23 (66%) patients were disease free, 9 (26%) patients had disease relapse, and 3 (8%) patients succumbed to the progressive disease. Conclusions: Every patient with breast cancer should be regularly followed up with clinical breast examination at a more frequent interval. The role of frequent clinical breast examination appears more than mammography especially beyond 5 years for early detection of contralateral breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bone marrow involvement by solid tumor implicates advanced disease and dismal prognosis. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are routinely performed as staging workup for certain small round cell tumors and also for unexplained cytopenia in other solid tumors. It is important to rule out bone marrow involvement before planning for curative treatment. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. The aim of our study was to evaluate the pattern of bone marrow involvement by different solid tumors and their correlation with the hematological abnormalities. We retrospectively evaluated bone marrow aspirations and biopsy performed in past 3 years. Results: At our institution, bone marrow examinations were performed in 440 patients during past 3 years for solid malignancies. Out of 440, 206 were pediatric cases and 234 were adult cases. Bone marrow was involved in 56 (12.7%) patients. Among the pediatric cases, bone marrow involvement was present in 30 (12.8%) cases, and in adult cases, bone marrow was involved was in 26 (11.1%) cases. Neuroblastoma (40%) was the most common malignancy, which involved the bone marrow among pediatric cases, followed by retinoblastoma (26.6%) and Ewing's sarcoma (20%). Among adult patients, neuroendocrine carcinoma (23%) was at the top of the list of tumors involving bone marrow, which is followed by Ewing's sarcoma (19.2%) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (11.5%). Conclusion: Neuroblastoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma are the major cause of bone marrow involvement among the solid malignancies in pediatric and adult population, respectively. Use of immunohistochemistry markers on bone marrow biopsies may result in higher detection rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bone marrow involvement by solid tumor implicates advanced disease and dismal prognosis. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are routinely performed as staging workup for certain small round cell tumors and also for unexplained cytopenia in other solid tumors. It is important to rule out bone marrow involvement before planning for curative treatment. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. The aim of our study was to evaluate the pattern of bone marrow involvement by different solid tumors and their correlation with the hematological abnormalities. We retrospectively evaluated bone marrow aspirations and biopsy performed in past 3 years. Results: At our institution, bone marrow examinations were performed in 440 patients during past 3 years for solid malignancies. Out of 440, 206 were pediatric cases and 234 were adult cases. Bone marrow was involved in 56 (12.7%) patients. Among the pediatric cases, bone marrow involvement was present in 30 (12.8%) cases, and in adult cases, bone marrow was involved was in 26 (11.1%) cases. Neuroblastoma (40%) was the most common malignancy, which involved the bone marrow among pediatric cases, followed by retinoblastoma (26.6%) and Ewing’s sarcoma (20%). Among adult patients, neuroendocrine carcinoma (23%) was at the top of the list of tumors involving bone marrow, which is followed by Ewing’s sarcoma (19.2%) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (11.5%). Conclusion: Neuroblastoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma are the major cause of bone marrow involvement among the solid malignancies in pediatric and adult population, respectively. Use of immunohistochemistry markers on bone marrow biopsies may result in higher detection rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]