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The article focuses on the election of socialist François Mitterrand as the president of France. As mentioned, former French president Valéry Giscard d'Estaing was defeated in the elections due to the lack of a powerful party base and the steady rise of Socialist strength. As mentioned, the greatest challenge to Mitterrand's administration is the constitution that makes government difficult when the president and Parliament represent different political groupings.

The article reports on the military drill of the U.S. armed forces in 1979, as part of its readiness initiatives needed both to protect the nation and meet their obligations following the presence of a Soviet Union combat brigade in Cuba. The response of the nation includes the deployment of 2,100 Marines in Guantanamo Bay, a military base that perches like a lighthouse on the eastern tip of Fidel Castro's island fortress, the deployment of 20,000 soldiers at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida and Navy's seven-ship carrier task force joined up with a five-ship Middle East force. It also mentions the debate over defense budget for fiscal year 1981 and the attempt of the government to increase defense spending.

The article focuses on the victory of President-elect Richard M. Nixon in the 1968 presidential election, which he won by the narrowest margin. It relates on several reasons why Nixon struggled to obtain a significant lead including his choice of Maryland Governor Spiro T. Agnew as running mate, his negative election campaign and his personality that did not attract voters. Moreover, Nixon's plurality was less than 250,000 out of 68 million votes, with more than 92% total popular votes counted.

The article focuses on the shopping store Macy's Inc. in Manhattan, New York City. It mentions that Jack Isidor Straus, chief executive officer (CEO) of the company, is trying his best to give the consumers what they want. The store has been part of the American scene in which the film "Miracle on 34th Street" and broadway musical "Here's Love" have been inspired by the store. It cites several things that can be purchased in the store including iguana, oriental rugs and auto-accessories shops.

The article focuses on U.S. President Dwight David Eisenhower and the contributions and influences he did which made him as the 1959 Man of the Year. It mentions several world events in this year including the Communist propaganda, threats of missiles and atomic war, and the throngs of Europe. It further highlights the profile of Eisenhower and describes the contradictions of his public image and private personality.

The article focuses on the plan of the U.S. Department of Defense to buy ships, planes, missiles and other military equipments. Contractors are awaiting sales bonanza from U.S. President Ronald Reagan Administration's military buildup. The President wants to increase the defense budget from 171.2 billion dollars to 226.3 billion dollars in the fiscal year 1982. The biggest share of the new military orders will go to the giant aerospace and shipbuilding companies.

The article reports on the proposed budget of U.S. President Ronald Reagan which plans to slash federal spending and taxes. It is stated that a poll by the journal "Washington Post," and American Broadcasting Co. (ABC) shows that Reagan's economic recovery program was by more than 3 to 1. It is stated that the Americans expected a 2 to 1 ratio on federal spending and taxation to bring inflation down. It is reported that the President wants to keep the sales pressure on.

The article reports that U.S. President Ronald Reagan is prepared to announce sharp cuts in federal spending of nearly 50 billion dollar in the fiscal year 1982, along with deep reductions in taxes. The President's proposed tax changes include cutting the top tax rate on interest and dividend income to 50 percent from the present 70 percent; and reducing the "marriage penalty," provision in the tax laws that forces many working couples to pay a higher tax on their combined earnings.

The article reports on a survey which assessed whether new U.S. President Ronald Reagan will able to tackle major social, economical, and political problems facing the nation. About three-quarters of those surveyed believe it will be more than a year before any significant progress can be made in curbing inflation and balancing the budget. Inflation still leads the list of major U.S. problems in the minds of those surveyed.

The article provides information on the fall in the economy of U.S. It informs that the most likely rcession-fighting strategy is a tax cut. It informs that the recession will greatly enhance the political problems of U.S. President Jimmy Carter. Administration officials now concede that they may have dealt too great a psychological shock to consumers by encouraging the Federal Reserve to clamp controls on credit buying, and businessmen agree.

The article discusses the proposed government spending program for the 1980 fiscal year of the U.S. It notes that the proposed spending, which is higher than the 1979 budget, demands a control in the growth rate of government expenditures. It also emphasizes that the budget's key accomplishment was lowering the projected deficit of 29 billion dollars. It mentions the increase in the budget for programs on improving mental health services and defense. Also included are the programs suffering huge spending cuts such as the strategic petroleum reserve program of the U.S. Department of Energy. It outlines the least useful projects of the government including the Medical School Capitation Grants and the Law Enforcement Assistance Grants.

The article focuses on the pressures faced by U.S. President Jimmy Carter because many people are expecting to collect on Carter's campaign promises. It states that more than 100 mayors met in Chicago, Illinois drew up a list for the incoming president to comply, that includes more jobs in cities, more federal aid and antirecession programs. Additionally, the Governors of seven Northeastern states were expected to meet and make some demands of their own. On the other hand, Black politicians insisted that black vote guaranteed Carter's victory and they are also expecting a reward in return. It notes that Carter was very wary of any kind of controls revealed at a news conference, but he emphasize the need to expand jobs.

The article focuses on the budget issues in the Democrat-dominated U.S. House and Senate Budget Committees during the election year of 1976. It states that the House and Senate have met to determine objectives for Government spending, revenues, and deficit for the fiscal year that begins October 1, 1976 which was solved in favor of the economic recovery. It mentions the differences on budget proposals between the two parties which created conflicts and debates. It adds that the committees vote to allocate 413 billion dollars, as compared to the 395.8 billion dollars proposed by U. S. President Gerald R. Ford. Furthermore, several important congressional recommendations including tax reforms, support for job-creating programs, and increased funding for social programs are discussed.

The article discusses the passing of the 1982 budget prepared by U.S. President Ronald Reagan in the U.S. Congress. In the voting, 29 Democrats voted for Reagan's budget, leading to a victory of 217 to 210. It is, however, stated that the Democrats attempted to modify Reagan's proposals for major reduction in federal spending for the poor and disadvantaged.

The article discusses the plans of the U.S. President Richard M. Nixon for his second term. It states that a tax reform has been one of the pledges by the Nixon administration, in which property taxes would be reduced. It says that Nixon also would maintain some version of his program on wage-price controls, considering the planned expiration. Meanwhile, the administration has requested the Congress to place a 250 billion dollars ceiling on 1972 fiscal year's expenditures.

The article presents information on the steps undertaken by U.S. president Ronald Reagan's administration to control inflation. He placed a 60-day freeze on about 100 federal regulations that were issued during the final days of the ex-president Jimmy Carter's administration. Regan decontrolled the domestic oil prices and established a council on wage and price stability. The other policies related to social security, mass transit subsidies and government construction projects are discussed.

The article offers information on Caspar Willard Weinberger, who has been nominated as Secretary of Defense in the administration of new U.S. President, Ronald Reagan. It discusses Weinberger's background, his first job in Washington as Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission. The article also highlights his political career and his intimacy with President-elect Reagan.

Information on the conference and scholarship competition of high school leaders organized by the National Association of Secondary School Principals (N.A.S.S.P.) and funded by Shell Oil Co. is presented, which was held in Washington D.C. in April 1979. The students drafted proposals for public issues, which include energy conservation, mandatory youth service, and curb in government spending. The conference featured several experts including Ralph Shain, Patti Anderson, and Tom DiBacco.

The article focuses on the solutions for the stagflation in the U.S. in the 1980s. It states that the government is spending too much which could lead to several economic problems such as inflation, high payment deficits, and low economic growth. According to U.S. President Jimmy Carter's Council of Economic Advisers in 1975, the government must allocate 12% of its national budget to capital investment until 1979 to enhance it competitiveness in the global market. However, it mentions that the Congressional Joint Economic Committee revealed in its annual report the 6.9 billion dollar budget requirement for pollution-abatement equipment, which does not significantly essential. It adds that revenues from the 20% surtax in commercial use of electricity can be used to increase tax credits

The article offers information on the reductions in the 1980 budget of the U.S. Administration to less than 30 billion dollars which will take effect in October 1979. It mentions that the reduction in the federal spending is the foundation of the anti-inflation campaign of U.S. President Jimmy Carter. It states that the budget proposals submitted by federal agencies to the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) will be decreased further. Senator Ted Kennedy asserts that he will oppose any decrease in health appropriations. Meanwhile, Labor Secretary Ray Marshall notes that reductions must not fall heavily on programs regarding job-creation.

The article discusses the industrial policies in the U.S. It notes that the small businesses and big companies felt the high costs of complying with the regulations in the country. Economist Murray Weidenbaum believed that the costs such as compliance costs had risen sharply and businesses found it difficult to meet the standards. Industry usually passes these expenses to consumers and consequently increases the inflation rate of the country. It also states that environmental and safety regulations such as the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of 1974 and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) have forced dozens of foundries to close.

The article discusses the political clout surrounding the presidential campaigns in the U.S. in view of the upcoming elections. It notes that millions of American voters are still struggling to make a choice between incumbent president Gerald Ford and presidential aspirant Jimmy Carter. Accordingly, Ford has been cleared by special prosecutor Charles Ruff on the allegations of mishandling campaign funds from the maritime unions. However, the Democratic National Committee has registered more than three million votes in 14 targeted states which can put Carter in a very strong position for the presidency.

The article focuses on the bus traveling of the advisers of Democratic presidential candidate Jimmy Carter to go along with Carter's style of being just an informal man of the people. It states that the experts who rode the bus include former Assistant Secretary of Defense Paul Warnke, former Deputy Defense Secretary Paul Nitze, and former Secretary of the Air Force Harold Brown. It mentions that the group discussed several topics including the U.S. and Soviet Union Treaty, defense spending, and the nuclear-arms-limitation prospects. Furthermore, the busing scene was repeated by nine of Carter's economic advisers including Laurence Klein of the University of Pennsylvania, former chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers Arthur Okun, and budget director Charles Schultze.

The article focuses on the impact of Ronald Reagan's campaign for the Republican nomination on the U.S.' economic policy. It states that Reagan has influenced Gerald Ford to adopt a conservative line. It mentions that unlike Ford, Reagan is not willing to compromise in his economic goals. He believes that inflation is the main cause of recession resulting from excessive government spending and can be resolved through a balanced budget. It also discusses his plan to delegate all federal activities that include housing and manpower training and welfare to state and local governments. It says that Reagan has formulated his economic policies with advice from senior fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution, Martin Anderson. Moreover, his views on energy policy are presented.

The article presents challenges experienced by the government in Great Britain. It mentions that during the term of Prime Minister Harold Wilson's 60th birthday, he experienced incipient revolt attributed to unchecked public spending. It states that unions and leftist leaders complained about inflation than high employment rate. An undisclosed senior Cabinet members anticipate the scenario will result to 15 seats lost of the 41 Scottish seats in the Labor Party, thus Wilson needs to put off election until 1979.

The article presents a survey of TIME Soundings on the outlook of Americans regarding politics and economy. The survey shows that nearly half the Americans are not against to big government and federal spending as they even want the government to finance social programs and more jobs even if can cause further imbalance of the budget. Moreover, people are more happy with the economy and the future of the country compared to previous months. Also, the preference of the voters for political parties is in favor for Democrat party, thus, making the standing of President Gerald Ford improved.

The article discusses the initiative of the administration of U.S. President Gerald Ford to cut the country's income tax of 28 billion dollars. It mentions that Ford has planned to reveal his tax proposals during his State of the Union address, when the Ways and Means Committee of Congressman Al Ullman had made progress for tax reforms. It notes that the tax reduction would give relief to middle- and high-income individuals. Furthermore, Ford also plans to increase personal exemptions, to lower the rates for taxpayers with income of 10,000 dollars, and to help businesses to get one-fourth of the tax reduction.

The article reports on the economic condition of U.S. in 1974 after the administration of President Richard Nixon imposed wage and price controls in August 1971. It notes that the economic controls has been dropped by until the Economic Stabilization Act covered only 28 percent in the consumer price index and 38 percent of wage earners. It adds the application of decontrol and fine tuning by the administration economists to make a steady course between too much inflation and recession.

The article reports on the move of Senators and Representatives to recover the 200 billion dollars budget deficit under U.S. President Ronald Wilson Reagan administration in 1983. Tip O'Neill, speaker of the Democratic-controlled House, stated that Senators were making a certain resolution which would acquire 73 billion dollars revenue by increasing taxes. California Democratic Congressman Leon Panetta has suggested of having summit conference for public support action.

The article announces that Rudolph G. Penner has been appointed as the director of U.S. Congressional Budget Office.

The article reports on the contract between the United Auto Workers (UAW) to Ford Motor Co. which addresses job security in the U.S. It states that the contract will be effective on March 1, 1982, in which 160,000 members of UAW are employees of Ford. It mentions the challenges of the Ford agreement which include the rising unemployment and the economic policy of President Ronald Reagan.

The article reports on the move of U.S. President Richard Nixon regarding his intention in sending legislative program to Capitol Hill. During the two-hour meeting in Washington with the Republican leaders of Congress, Nixon utilizes executive orders and existing programs instead of requesting major legislation. Moreover, it also discusses the programs utilized by Nixon such as the law-and-order field and the private initiative in antipoverty efforts and slum rehabilitation.

The article reports on the five-point program developed by U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson to end balance-of-payment deficits and revive the country's economy. Accordingly, Johnson wanted to reduce the country's investments abroad especially in Western Europe as well as to trim down the expenditures of the Defense Department outside the nation. Moreover, Johnson also proposes the 10% increase for income taxes.

The article reports on the concern of U.S. President Lyndon Baines Johnson on Great Britain's 14.3% devaluation of the pound. Johnson stresses the need for responsible fiscal action on both expenditures and taxes in the light of the British action. It notes that the decision of the British government has posed an immediate challenge to ability of the U.S. government to defend the stability of the dollar.

The article focuses on the partisan normalcy in Rocky Mountains. It mentions that Republican candidates such as Governor Tim Babcock, Governor Clifford Hansen, and State Senator Don Samuelson have been identifying their campaigns to a shared sense of resurgent conservatism. Whereas, the Democrats such as Lee Metcalf, Congressman Teno Roncalio, and Cecil Andrus have been supporting the administration of U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson.