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Under the joint action of dynamic and static loads, the connecting bolts of the top cover of the pump turbine are prone to cumulative damage in local areas such as threads, resulting in cracks or development, and fatigue fracture may occur in severe cases, which will cause serious safety accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out accurate fatigue life estimation analysis for connecting bolts, which has always been a hot spot and difficulty in the industry. This paper introduces several commonly used fatigue life analysis methods of parts, combined with the force characteristics and structural characteristics of the connecting bolts of the top cover, and analyzes and discusses the fatigue life analysis methods suitable for the top cover bolts. Finally, it is believed that the application of stress-strain field strength method can better describe the actual state of the bolt danger area, and the current damage state has an influence on the amount of damage generated by further loading, and the fatigue life analysis of connecting bolts can be combined with the stress-strain field strength method and variable damage linear cumulative damage theory, and the fatigue life and residual fatigue life can be estimated in the design stage or after the phased service of the bolt.

Z-type ferrite sheets were prepared by chemical precipitation method to investigate influences of directional arrays from the Z-type ferrite sheets on magnetic properties. The permeability of the ferrite directional arrays was obviously improved in the specific direction. Assuming that the intrinsic permeability of Z-type ferrite was existed, the magnetic permeability in array was calculated by the Maxwell-Garnett equation of effective media theory. The reason for the large difference between the theoretical calculation and measured value was also discussed.

Take the new tidal current energy utilizing device as study object, finite element modeling and simulating of physical process of impacting by tidal current are studied. Further, the physical process of impacting by the tidal current is analyzed, and the contour map of force, cloud picture of pressure distribution, vector diagram of water flow velocity and route map of water flow for the rotating blade are obtained. Our studies have shown that the force in front of blade is uneven, and the force of one end near pillar is bigger, but the force in reverse side is even, as the same time, the flow becomes divergence after impacting blade, flowing to the edge of blade.

This paper presents a representative volume element (RVE)-based modelling method to capture the mechanical behaviour of aluminum foams under compressive loadings. Octadecahedron is selected as a geometric basis shape to form closed cells of the aluminum foams in the microstructured RVE model to simulate the mechanical behaviour under compressive loadings. The stress-strain relationship obtained from the numerical modelling is compared to that from experimental study and agreements between these results demonstrate the validity of the proposed RVE model. Through observing the deformation evolution of cells during a compressive loading process, the failure modes of aluminum foams are identified and analysed using the proposed RVE model. Further the influence of strain rate on the mechanical behaviour of aluminum foams under compressive loadings is numerically studied via a parametric study.

A heat transfer and solidification model of slab continuous casting process was developed, and the nail-shooting experiments were carried out to verify and improve the prediction accuracy. The comparison between the simulation and the measurements results showed that, there exists difference between the model predicted liquid core length and the calculated liquid core length according to the measurement results of the solidification shell thickness. In the present study, the value of constant a in the heat transfer coefficient calculation formula was corrected through back-calculation, results showed that, the suitable value of a is 31.650, 33.468 and 35.126 when the casting speed is 0.8m·min-1, 0.9m·min-1 and 1.0m·min-1 respectively, which can meet the liquid core length of the measurement results. The developed model built a foundation for the application of dynamic secondary cooling, and dynamic soft reduction.

In this paper, a new bionic quadruped robot was proposed by us. The mechanism of robot we analyzed is as a hybrid series-parallel mechanism, so a new methods for constructing the kinematic model of the bionic quadruped robot very quickly and efficiently was introduced. we analyzed the workspace of the legged mechanism by using geometric composition method and numerical analysis method in the following section. Furthermore, the kinematic model of the parallel mechanism of the multi-motion mode bionic quadruped robot was constructed when the robot was in the stance phase, we also construct and solve the inverse kinematic model of the parallel mechanism of the robot, and the simulation results provide a better method for the robot’s workspace analyzing;Finally, the simulation experiment showed that the method we presented above could provide a good support for the multi-motion mode bionic quadruped robot walking smoothly and automatically.

Based on the field survey data,statisticsing and analysising the influence factors of industry flows of science and technology human resources in Shaanxi Province by using multiple linear regression model and Logistic regression model.The results show that: enterprise promotion chance, industry development ability, family factors and change lifestyle these four factors promote or weaken the effect on the flow of talent directly;Age,working ability,professional degree are the constitute factors influencing science and technology talent flow;However, the influence of gender, education, welfare and residential moves is not significant for industry flow of science and technology human resources.

This article is based on the theory of fractional calculus control, and put forward a kind of fractional order PI controller design method for lateral attitude control system of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) model. And the unit step response of the control system is analyzed in the simulation to improve the UAV flight control system stability and robustness. Use the controller parameter tuning method and combined with fuzzy reasoning to design IOPID controller, FOPI controller and fuzzy fractional order PI controller. Then, by exploiting Matlab, the frequency domain response and unit step response characteristics of the different control systems can be plotted. The results verified that the designed fuzzy fractional order controller for the attitude control system is effective.

Periodic signal is abundant in ship radiated noise. Its detection is an important step towards active control of ship’s acoustic signature. Based on power spectrum analysis and DEMON analysis, an approach to detect line spectrum and modulation spectrum of ship radiated noise is proposed. Periodogram method is used for power spectrum estimation. The separation of line and continuous spectrum, false positive removal, and line spectrum merging are conducted to improve the quality of detected characteristic line spectrum. Via DEMON analysis, steady physical characteristics including propeller’s rotational speed and number of blades are obtained. Finally, the effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by simulation results.

Based on the walking mechanism and the researching method for the serial-parallel mechanism, one multi-sports mode wheel-leg mobile robot is proposed in this paper; Firstly, the serial mechanism model of one leg is constructed, and the method for constructing the kinematic model of the single leg mechanism is studied; Secondly, based on the study of the single leg mechanism, the kinematic model of the parallel mechanism of the multi-sports mode wheel-leg robot is further constructed when the robot is in the support state; Finally, based on the methods and theories discussed above, the experimental prototype mobile robot is constructed, so feasibility of the proposed method is verified.

(Ni, Fe)-codoped ZnO powder was synthesized by a sol-gel process, using oxalic acid zinc as the zinc source. Effects of the pH value of the precursor solution and the calcination temperature on the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of (Ni, Fe)-codoped ZnO powder were studied by using methyl orange as the degradation object. The structures, morphology and ingredients were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that all the samples are polycrystalline with a nanocrystal size of about 20~30nm. The methyl orange solution (8 mg/L) was degraded by more than 50% in 12 hours under the irradiation of natural light in the presence of the (Fe, Ni)-codoped ZnO sample synthesized under these conditions: the doping concentrations of both Ni, Fe are 1%, the pH of the precursor solution is 7.5, and the calcination temperature is 375°C. The photocatalytic degradation mechanism of (Ni, Fe)-codoped ZnO powder is discussed qualitatively, based on the microstructure analysis.

The N-methylphenylamino group conjugated to the 2 position of the benzimidazolium core via a vinyl group in the structure of AKT inhibitor IV was efficiently substituted by treating AKT inhibitor IV with excess of N-methylcyclohexanamine and N-methylbenzylamine. The two new compounds were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, IR, and mass spectroscopy. The control experiment with benzimidazole precursor of AKT inhibitor IV resulted in no amine-exchange reaction, indicating that the positive charge in the benzimidazolium salt is the major factor for the activation of the terminal conjugated N-methylphenylamino group.

A new ZrCl4-catalyzed method for the preparation of an asymmetrical benzimidazole derivative has been developed. Further alkylation of the benzimidazole precursor with methyl iodide afforded a new monomethine cyanine derivative. The photophysical evaluation showed that the newly synthesized monomethine cyanine compound was non-fluorescent.

Numerical simulation of air flow over urban areas is an effective way to analyze and predict the wind environment. This paper presents two dimensional computer model results concerning the effects of buildings and/or a hill on the wind flow. The RANS equations and RNG κ-ε turbulence model used in the simulation are discretized by the finite volume method. The computational solution is based on a pressure correction algorithm of the SIMPLE-type. The inflow boundary conditions are given by wind tunnel experiment. In the presence of only a street canyon formed by two buildings, the ambient wind is accelerated and slightly curved at the roof level. When there exist a hill and a street canyon, the velocity in the canyon is affected by the upwind hill. Another simulation model, which has a hill and two street canyons, is used for comparison. There is a little difference in velocity between a single street canyon and two canyons in the presence of an upwind hill.

The choice of damage index and quantify of the performance goal is an important part of the theory of performance-based seismic design. This paper introduces research results of shear wall structure damage model at home and abroad, combined with the experimental study on the seismic behavior of shear wall structure at home and abroad, and discusses the application in practical engineering of the shear wall structure damage, puts forward the remains problem to be further in-depth study.

In this paper, we present a scheme to improve immune cloning selection algorithm. The improved algorithm, which is referred to as adaptive cloning selection algorithm (ACSA), is proposed and then applied to function optimization. At first, we present adaptive gene mutation which decides mutation probability of each code point (locus) based on the quality of antibodies and the number of evolution iterations. Secondly, we present an iteratively increasing method from one locus to the all ones, which can be used in function optimization. Then, the cloning selection process of evolution is divided into two-stages. The first step is to increase locus of antibodies. In the other one, the Baldwin effect learning operator is employed. And finally, an experiment is carried out to verify the theoretical analyses on several testing functions.

Two purine-nucleoside monophosphates have been prepared from the corresponding nucleoside 5′-H-phosphonate precursors via sequential silylation, oxidation, and hydrolysis reactions in a one-pot manner. Compared to the reaction performed in the presence of pyridine, the hydrolysis of iodophosphate in the absence of pyridine generated nucleoside 5′-monophosphates as the major product. The experimental results indicated that the reaction between the formed nucleoside 5′-monophosphate with the residual iodophosphate intermediate was relatively slow, making the self-condensed dinucleoside diphosphate a minor product in this reaction.

It becomes common practice to reduce a large-scale power grid into a simplified one using transient stability simulator and have it modeled on electromagnetic transients programs. However, the procedure of network reduction may produce negative resistance, which may result in some problems in electromagnetic transient simulation. This paper firstly demonstrates that the negative resistance will probably lead to numerical instability in electromagnetic transient simulation. And then the forming mechanism of the negative resistance during network reduction using Gaussian Elimination is revealed. Several schemes for negative resistance elimination are presented at last.

Treatment of 1,2-phenylenediamines and 3-(N-phenyl-N-methyl) aminoacrolein with ZrCl4as catalyst in refluxing 95% ethanol afforded unexpected 2H-benzimidazole derivatives as the major products. It was determined that the formation of 2H-benzimidazoles was not from the decomposition of the 2-aminovinyl benzimidazoles.

It remains unresolved to study the relation between the density of wedge and its impact. Fluent is applied to simulate its mechanism with 6DOF model. After the comparison of numerical result and the theoretical, it matches good and then the transient free surface scene is observed. Thus Fluent is able to solve this kind of non-linear problem. And the effect of density of wedge on the slamming character is also studied.

The chaos particle swarm optimization algorithm was presented to solving optimal power flow. The proposed OPF considers the total cost of generators as the objective functions. To enhance the performance of algorithm, a premature convergence strategy was proposed. The strategy can be divided into two parts. In the first part, a method is introduced to judge premature convergence, while another part provides an advance method to improve the performance of algorithm with searching the solution in total feasible region. The control strategy used to prevent premature convergence will obtain starting values for initial particle before program iterating, so it can provide bitter probability of detecting global optimum solution. The simulation results on standard IEEE 30-bus system minimizing fuel cost of generator show the effectiveness of the chaos particle swarm optimization algorithm, and can obtain a good solution.

With the rapid development of DG, especially the access of large-scale renewable energy, traditional simple distribution network with unique source turns into ADN with multiple sources, making the distribution network more complicated. In this paper, The power source and grid planning of traditional and intelligent distribution network are discussed, based on which the problems ADN faces and the research difficulty are focused on. The key technology of ADN planning is analyzed, including the uncertainty of load forecasting, the ADN absorption capacity for DG and the cost-effectiveness of ADN planning. Some suggestions for the research direction of ADN in the future are made at the end, providing reference for the ADN planning with large-scale renewable energy access.

The N-methylphenylamino moiety in Akt inhibitor-IV was efficiently substituted by a 1-phenylpiperazinyl group via an amine-exchange reaction to afford a novel Akt inhibitor-IV analogue.

When DC transmission system adopts monopole earth or bipolar imbalance operation mode, the DC grounding electrode will inject large amount of current into the earth, and then disturb the running of the power grid. In view of the influence which is created by DC transmission system in Guangdong power grid, this paper derived the mathematical expressions of the transformer neutral point current after creating a calculation model, and concluded the main influence factors; The subject applied the linear regressing analysis theory to calculate the regression equations of transformers so that the slope of the regressing equation can be used to estimate the influence scope of grounding DC. Finally it concludes that: transformer neutral point current and the power transmitted by DC system has positive correlation; For ±800kV DC Chu Sui, the transformers ,which is more than 80 km away from DC grounding electrode, will no longer be affected; The application of DC suppression devices will affect the neutral point current of the transformers nearby.

In this paper, a new multi-motion pattern bionic robot was proposed by us. Though we analyzed the robot as a hybrid series-parallel mechanism, the robot is a wheeled-legged robot, and a new methods for constructing the kinematic model of the special four-bar mechanism of the robot very quickly and efficiently was introduced. Then, the kinematic model of the parallel mechanism of the multi-motion mode bionic robot was constructed when the robot was in the stance phase.

In this paper, a new system splitting scheme based on the identification of weak connection is proposed. This paper firstly claims that if two nodes in a transmission line are related to two different generator groups or irrelated to any generator group, the transmission line is regarded as weak connection. And matrix R is presented to reflect the relevance between load nodes and generator groups after faults are cleared. The candidate strategy space is composed of these transmission lines of weak connection. Secondly, the procedure of searching the splitting surfaces is listed to illustrate how the splitting scheme works. Finally IEEE 39-bus system is used to verify the feasibility of this splitting scheme.

In 2013, China Southern Power Grid (CSG) installed three ±200Mvar STATCOMs on the 500kV substations which are adjacent to the receiving ends of multiple HVDC lines. Based on the project of STATCOM test in CSG, the ±200Mvar cascaded STATCOM simulation model is established in the real-time digital simulator (RTDS) ,the aim is to study the modeling technology of H Bridge valve group by using small time-step and main control strategy .Amounts of tests has been done to verify the validity of the cascaded STATCOM model in different control modes. The RTDS STATCOM model also tested in the closed-loop CSG power network and the transient state response characteristics has been compared with real STATCOM control and protection devices for engineering prototype to verify the feasibility of the model. The constructed model has been successfully applied on the analysis of impacts on AC/DC paralleled CSG with STATCOM using RTDS.

At present, under the background of rapid development of education in China, the advantage and disadvantage of the cultural and educational architectural design has become an important material basis for personal training undoubtedly during the process of increasing popularity of higher education .The cultural and educational architecture design not only needs reasonable function, but also needs the latest form and a lot of the sense of place. For moral education infiltration in the professional education, it should to be incorporated in the daily life of students. Through research, good teaching environment can effectively enhance the design professional students' moral education infiltration.

Polyphosphazenes containing carbazole grafted by azo nitrobenzene is synthesized by microwave method in this paper. Its structure is characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and UV-visible spectroscopy. This new polymer, with both electro-optic(EO) property and photoconductive property, has unique stability and can be easily processed. Terahertz(THz) wave can be detected using the device which is made with our new polymer. The time domain waveform and frequency spectrum of the THz wave are obtained.

Through comparing the battery management system (BMS) in existence, it concludes that every BMS has its own features, such as, interface, communication, data hand method, and so on. There is no uniform standard in the globe, so the BMS has the compatibility problems. In order to serve the problem, this paper proposed the large-scale and flexible BMS design, which can save the BMS design time and reduce the designer work strength. In this paper, the flexible hardware and software are designed, which can change the software and interface form a new BMS quickly to satisfy the market requirement. The large-scale and flexible BMS design method mentioned in this paper can accelerates the process of the BMS design, shortens the production development cycle, and satisfies the market requirement speedily.

The combination of biomass gasification and molten carbonate fuel/micro-gas turbine (MCFC/MGT) hybrid system offers great potential as a future sustainable power generation system. A numerical model of a 100 kW classic MCFC/MGT hybrid system using biomass syngas as fuel has been developed. The simulation was performed to investigate the influence of operation conditions and the syngas compositions on the system performance. The results show that the MCFC/MGT can keep its performance when using syngas gas as fuel which confirms the feasibility of biomass gasification-MCFC/MGT hybrid system. According to the simulation results, the increase of MGT pressure ration and MCFC inlet temperature positively affects the system performance, the fluctuation of syngas composition has little effects on the system.

According to the characteristics of high strength weathering steel, this paper designs to develop anexperimental steel S450EW with yield strength higher than 450MPa.Through the study,it has been found that with decreasing cooling rate, the organizational changed largely, while ferrite and pearlite gradually transformed to martensite and a small amount of ferrite, then finally tomartensite organization.It has also been found that the crystal size decreased, and the experimentalsteel also precipitated a rectangular second phase particles of (NbTi) CN phase and TiC, which were sparsely distributed with the size of 100 ~ 300nm and below 30nm, while some phases were distributedasa number of strips in the grain boundary which mainly are C, Fe, Cr.

Two β,γ-CX2-5-bromouridine triphosphates (X = F and Cl) have been efficiently obtained from 5-bromouridine 5′-phosphoropieridate via the activation of the P(V)-N bond with 4,5-dicyanoimidazole.

Effect of wall slip on melt filling flow behaviors in micro injection molding are investigated based on analysis of wall slip mechanism for polymer melt flowing at filling stage. By means of comparisons, slip coefficients in different microchannels are confirmed. With finite element method, the relationship between slip velocity and inlet flow rate or length-diameter ratio is analyzed. The results indicate that the wall slip happen for polymeric melt in microchannels, and slip coefficients are related with the size characteristics of microchannels. Moreover, wall slip velocity has the size effect and increase with the decrease of the section size of microchannels, which cause melt velocity distribution to smooth. At the same time, slip velocity is proportional to length-diameter ratio of microchannel, namely when wall shear stress is uniform, the slip velocity rises with increasing length-diameter ratio of microchannel.

Object-oriented method has been carried on the deep philosophical thinking, starting from thinking mode in combination with the real things, so the mapping relationship between real things and Object-oriented Programming is expounded, the essential feature of Object-oriented Programming is revealed. The objectivity, adaptation, complexity and emergent property of Object-oriented Programming whose intension and extension are enlarged are investigated, at this time, its own development direction is specified. The paper explores Object-oriented Programming from the epistemological and methodological perspective, establishes a theoretical foundation for its scientific practice activities.

To study the effect of ignition mode and position on fragment velocity of azimuthal warhead, a simulation model was established and computed. Simulation analysis results of azimuthal warhead showed that two ignition points mode was more valuable than the three ignition points mode, the fragment velocity curve had increasing trend in 0°~180° radial direction, ignition positions near to the edge of main charge end had the highest performance-cost ratio in the practical application.

Based on the research of maturity model, through the analysis of the system, establishes the enterprise group management maturity model, which including standard of group control maturity level, index system and comprehensive evaluation index. Objectively and quantitatively reflect the level of enterprise management, and help to find the weak link of enterprise group control, so as to formulate corresponding measures for improvement.

The pollution of chromium salt industry is increasingly serious in China and becomes a worldwide problem with the rapid development of chromium salt industry. Then a new clean production process with a high recovery rate of chromium and pollution-free was proposed according to the comprehensive summary of existing processes of basic chromium sulphate. Furthermore, a small amount of slag will be discharged in this short process with lower energy consuming. The design concept is also applicable to the preparation of other chromium salts products, which will eliminate the pollution of Cr6+ during the process of chromium salt production and be helpful to the comprehensive utilization of chromium salt. In addition, the guidance of scholar research and the broad application prospects of this work cannot be neglected.

As one of the raw material resources in China, chromium salt production has been paid to close attention. Alkali process of chromium salt produces serious environmental pollution, while acid production of chromium salt has separation problems of chromium-iron ions. The separation process of chromium-iron ions in acidic solution by the combination technology of hydrothermal method and ihleite method is studied in this paper. which finds that: with the increase of reaction temperature or with the extension of reaction time, precipitation rate of iron increases, while loss rate of chromium decreases.

There are few literatures, among existing studies, about the fundamental of crop pest image recognition and these literatures are not systematic. In view of this situation, in this paper, the basic content of the recognition of crop pests image were studied. Firstly, two ways of acquiring the pest images have been discussed and compared; Secondly, preprocesses of these images have been studied and experimented, including image graying as well as image enhancement; Finally, seven principles and steps have been proposed to construct the pest image set.

As a large agricultural country, agricultural economic development determines the development of the national economy, and the logistics of agricultural products but restricts agricultural economic development, China's economic development is incompatible with the rural economy, largely agricultural logistics relationship enough disorders due. In this paper, according to the anti-agricultural own characteristics, the condition of the rural economy, the situation of logistics development, management system and development like logistics, be unbalanced urban and rural development and other factors put forward five agricultural logistics development model of sustainable development, and the corresponding development mechanism.

On the basis of OCED Guideline 106, batch sorption studies were employed to reveal sorption of atrazine by amending biochar in tropical soils, namely, laterite, paddy soil and dry red soil. Biochar,a micro-porosity and great surface product, was generated by pyrolysis of manioc wastes at 750°C(BC750) and modified substances (MC750) were produced by loading Fe3+. The mechanism of sorption was examined by charactering BC750 and MC750. In this study, carbonization can improve aromaticity, specific surface and alkaline groups of biomass. The isotherms of atrazine in soil seemed closed to linear with partition, whereas the sorption of atrazine in biochar-added soil was a mainly pore-filling mechanism to exhibit nonlinearity. Temkin model was satisfactorily analyzed the sorption isotherm of atrazine by BC750/MC750 into soil with R2 between 0.92~0.998. HI of all the sorbents were greater than 1, which indicated that the desorption rate was higher than the sorption rate. BC750/MC750 had a greater affinity for atrazine in soil than that of unamended soil. And the sorption capacity of unmodified biochar is slightly less than modified biochar, but the desorbed amounts of atrazine are less. Results indicated that biochars derived from agricultural wastes can play a crucial role in the removal of hydrophobic organic chemicals.

Industrialization bring a great deal of environmental burden in our country, heavy metal pollution problems have become increasingly prominent. In order to prevent and control the Heavy metals pollution effectively, this paper discusses the location problem of heavy metals enterprises. Through the discussion of the factors of heavy metals company location, based on the health protection distance, establish multi-objective model by achieving three goals: minimizing the risks of surrounding neighborhoods; fair maximization; Cost minimization. The optimal heavy metal enterprises location has certain practical significance in the control of heavy metal pollution events.

Twenty-five topsoil samples (0-20cm) were collected to determine the dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites, isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) residues from the agricultural soil in the Miyun County. The average measured concentrations of HCH and DDT were 1.07±0.84 and 6.54±7.88 ng·g-1, separately (dry weight; n=25; shown as arithmetic mean and standard deviation), which were lower than most of the results reported in literatures. Both of the detectable rates of HCH and DDT were 100％ and the residual levels was lower than most of other Chinese region．According to the values of isomers ratios, it show that HCH mainly from residues, therefore there were still new sources of DDT which entered into the soil of the studied area.

Aiming at the present deficiency of operation examination for marine engine, a simulation system of marine engine based on virtual reality is developed. In this paper, the virtual scene and 3D entity model of marine engine is constructed by 3DS MAX according to the actual situation of engine room and the specific operation requirements, and then the 3D model is driven by DirectX in the environment of Visual C++6.0 to achieve the functions of VR scene roaming, human-computer interaction and operation examination. The VR simulation system developed as a part of the whole marine engine simulator can supply an almost real environment for the crew operation examination, which will greatly improve the operation ability of crew, being of important significance for the reform of crew examination in China.

The hydrochloric acid pickling process which is widely applied in carbon steel pickling ensures high speeds with little pollution. In this research, hydrochloric acid pickling process was introduced into stainless steel pickling to improve the surface integrity. Research indicated that the impedance spectrum obtained from 430SS in HCl solution consisted of a capacitive loop at high frequencies and an inductive loop at low frequencies. As the concentration of hydrochloric acid rose, the radiuses of the capacitive loop decreased.And the corrosion potential of 430SS in hydrochloric acid solution moved to positive direction with band to a narrow 0.1V.And high HCl concentration more markedly influenced the charge-transfer resistance.

A study on the reaction paths of the reduction of bis (2-(benzoylamino) phenyl) disulfide revealed that both intramolecular cyclization and intermolecular substitution reactions happened upon cleavage of the disulfide bond by triphenylphosphine under acidic condition.

The environmental concerns brought during pickling process of stainless steel in HNO3-containing acids need urgent attention. Choosing the hydrochloric acid pickling process as study object, this paper conducted a systematic study of the effect of temperature on the electrochemical behavior of stainless steel in hydrochloric acid solution. Research indicated that as temperature rose, the corrosion potential of 430SS in hydrochloric acid solution moved to positive direction with band to a narrow 0.1V. Meanwhile, the current intensity increased which indicated the acceleration of corrosion rate. In addition, the anode Tafel slope increased firstly and decreased later while the cathode Tafel slope increased slightly.

This paper constructed the technological innovation ability index system of logistics enterprise, propose causation model to evaluate technology innovation ability of modern logistics enterprise, model and solve the causal relationship among the evaluation indexes by structural equation model, The empirical results show that: this model can correctly describe the causal relationship between the indexes, define key indicators of logistics enterprise technology innovation ability accurately, and determine the main influencing factors, provide scientific basis for evaluating and improving the modern logistics enterprise technology innovation ability.