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The project presents an ammonia sensor with heater on-a-chip manufactured using the commercial 0.18 μm CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) process. The ammonia sensor is composed of a sensitive film, interdigital electrodes and a polysilicon heater. The sensor is a capacitive type and the sensitive film is ZrO2that is prepared by sol-gel method. The sensor requires a post-process to remove the sacrificial oxide layer and coat the ZrO2film on the interdigital electrodes. When the sensitive film absorbs ammonia vapor, the capacitance of the sensor generates a change. Experimental results show that the sensitivity of the ammonia sensor is 2.47 pF/ppm at 270 °C.

PET material has excellent performance and its modification of biocompatibility had been concerned for researchers. In this paper, graft polymerization of acrylamide on PET fiber by co-irradiation was investigated, and then treated in 5% available chlorine content of NaClO solution, which make the amide groups on the PET fiber surface into amine groups, and provide the reactive groups for further functional modification. The results showed that the moisture absorption of PET fiber increases after the grafting of acrylamide, and its hygroscopicity increases with the increase of grafting yields; after the amide groups converted into the amine groups, the hygroscopicity of PET fibers decreases. The chemical structure and surface morphology of PET fiber and modified products were characterized by ATR-FTIR and SEM, which certified that acrylamide had been successfully grafted on PET fibers and the amide groups on its surface had been converted into the amine groups.

Shutters-style shielding and protective device for windscreen is the shutters installed outside the external position of the vehicle windscreen with the function of shelter and protection. It does not only avoid the enemy reconnaissance due to the reflective glass, but also withstands the damage from all kinds of bullets and shrapnel, and it does not affect the normal running of the vehicle.

Classical control theory method often cannot obtain good static and dynamic performance in speed control system of asynchronous motor that is multivariable, nonlinear and strong coupling. However, with the application of modern control theory, it can effectively improve the operating performance of system in a complicated environment. This paper introduces the basic principle of vector control system and establishes the simulation model of vector control system of asynchronous motor. Meanwhile, according to fuzzy control theory, this paper shows a design of fuzzy controller and it is applied to the vector control system of speed adjusting module. Finally, it uses Matlab/Simulink to simulate and it verifies that Fuzzy vector control system response faster has better stability and stronger robust performance compared to the traditional vector control. Key words: induction motor; vector control; fuzzy control

Based on the analysis on the control requirements of artificial grass tufting machine, this thesis proposes an overall plan on control of CANopen bus. In the control system, on the basis of CoDeSys softPLC technology of fieldbus control system, LMC20 enables the communication by making CANopen bus connect with ATV71, OTB module and these underlying slave stations. The humanized operation interface realized by touch screens and user-friendly application which is developed through CoDeSys have been put into operation in factory. All of those implement the functions of signal acquisition and display, protection, control, etc.

In this paper the electric-hydraulic servo system for excavating robot is analysed. The kinematic and the dynamic model of working equipment are established. Aim at the electric-hydraulic servo system of the feature with many variables, strong coupling and non-linear, the CMAC neural network was presented combined with popular PD algorithm, which could realize intelligent control for the working equipment of excavating robot. The result of simulation show that control strategy features higher precision and robustness.

With finite element simulation method, the fatigue life of vehicle front floor is analyzed in different vehicle wheelbases and velocities, and the washboard enhancement coefficient is calculated, then K-v curve, K-m curve and K-v-m surface are drawn, with which influence of vehicle velocity and wheelbase on washboard enhancement coefficient is studied. The study results show that, when the wheelbase is constant, washboard enhancement coefficient increases first and then decreases with velocity increasing, and reaches peak at a certain velocity; when velocity is constant, washboard enhancement coefficient decreases as wheelbase increasing; when velocity and wheelbase both changes, washboard enhancement coefficient varies in K-v-m surface.

The uranium ore sample is dissolve with H2SO4, HF and H2O2.Uranium (VI) is reduced to uranium (IV) by titanous. The excess titanous is oxidized with sodium nitrite and excess sodium nitrite is destroyed with urea. Uranium can be determined by ammonium vanadate volumetry in the medium of 6 mol/L sulfuric acid taking o-phenanthroline ferrous sulfate as indicators. The determination limit is 0.03%, the RSD is better than 3%, the recovery is 95~105%. The error is less than 2% compared with the standard sample of uranium ore.

Its hard to define base coordinate of industrial robot because base coordinate of robot in its inner. This article used Laser tracker system (LTS) to test its distance accuracy. Simultaneously, it is hard to must modify the controller of the robot, even though the robot kinematic compensation is high precision. Therefore, it used inverse kinematic compensation to compensate robot error by optimal method. Experiment results demonstrate that it can improve the robot accuracy in the working space, only modifies joint angle.

The preparation of uranium ore gritstone standard substance have been introduced and the contents of U, Th, Ra, K2O, SiO2, Fe, A12O3, CaO, MnO, TiO2, Na2O, P2O5, MoO3, V ,S and C in it have been determined in this paper. The uranium ore sandstone standard substance was authorized as the first national grade standard substance.

The surface magnetization without adding any iron-containing substance as a magnetic seed is called self-magnetization. Tests show that temperature and pH of the slurry are two important factors in the self-magnetization of siderite and its synergic effect on hematite; that the self-magnetization took place on siderite but did not on hematite while a synergic effect of surface magnetization, i.e. the promotion of surface magnetization of hematite in the presence of siderite, appeared in the mineral mixtures or real iron ore containing hematite and siderite. The infrared spectra indicate that there is Fe3O4 generated on the surface of siderite in the process of self-magnetization; the measurement of VSM confirmed a significant change in magnetic hysteresis loops and increase of the saturated magnetization after hematite was magnetized by Fe2+ in the slurry; and SEM observed the adsorption of Fe3O4 species on the surface of hematite, which is generated originally from the siderite in an alkaline slurry, resulting in the synergic effect of siderite on hematite .

A Load-type Commercial Motor-vehicle of Passenger Transport was studied as the research subject in researching front crash safety evaluation technology of front structure by the real car crash test methods, which is to explore the front crash safety evaluation technology suitable for china's National conditions. The results show that the Testing procedure and Evaluation will not only conducive to the carrying out of Commercial Motor-vehicles of Passenger Transport access about structural safety detection, but also played an important role in promoting the safety of the domestic bus, road transport safety, and social harmony.

The application of sewage sludge on agricultural soils is a promising technical solution. Pot experiments were performed to study the effect of sewage sludge application on growth, physiology and accumulation of heavy metals in three kinds of wheat. The experimental results showed soil pH decreased significantly with the increase of the application of sewage sludge. The contents of Cu, Zn and Pb in the mixed soil did not exceed the Environmental quality standards for soils in China for Grade II (GB-1518-1995).Wheat obtained good growth activities after the application of sewage sludge, however, high land application of sewage sludge (the ratio of sludge in the mixed soil of dry weight was 20% and 25%) inhibited seed emergence and root length. The content of total chlorophyll in wheat increased with the increase of sewage sludge application first and reached a maximum, and then decreased with a further increase of sewage sludge. Compared with the control, the a/b value in chlorophyll showed trace change. The content of proline in wheat increased with the increase of sewage sludge in low doses of sewage sludge (5%, 10% and 15%), while there was no significant increase in the content in high land application of sewage sludge. The physiological metabolism of wheat will exhibit abnormality as the stress of pollutants from sludge exceeded the tolerance of wheat. The content of three kinds of heavy metals in wheat grain increased obviously with sludge application increasing, indicating an increasing trend, and had the phenomenon of exceeded the safety qualification of non-environmental pollution food in china at high doses of sewage sludge. Taking account of the effects of sewage sludge application on growth,physiology and accumulation of heavy metals in wheat, the doses of sludge in the mixed soil of dry weight should be lower than 15%.

Electron beam irradiation cross-linking of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films with the presence of N, N'- methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) were studied, improving the thermal stability. The films unirradiated and irradiated were characterized by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and thermo gravimetric analysis. The PVA films with the presence of MBA would crosslink after irradiation. The crystallinity increased firstly and then decreased as a function of irradiation dose, while the melting temperature decreased with increasing the dose. Beside, the T30%, T50%, T90% and Tmax temperature of degradation increased as the irradiation dose increased.

For tractor-semitrailer, load transfer during cornering braking caused big difference of the vertical load between coaxial wheels. As a result, braking efficiency and directional stability were affected seriously, the traditional design of braking force distribution between axles couldnt meet the requirements. In this paper, a dynamic model of tractor-semitrailer was established according to the motion and force during cornering braking. The rule of vertical load changing of each wheel with longitudinal acceleration and lateral acceleration was obtained. Combining with the tire and road adhesion conditions, the ideal brake force distribution was achieved. The research could provide theoretical reference to better control strategy of tractor-semitrailer braking control system.

Through pot experiments,the effects of various sludge loadings (0,40,80,120,200,280 t·ha-1) on growth of maize and sewage sludge application on contents of heavy metals in the soil were studied using sewage sludge from An-ning Plant of Wastewater Treatment of Lanzhou City. The results showed land application of sewage sludge increased significantly the contents of PbCuZn in the soil. The contents of PbCuZn in the soil did not exceed the standard of Environmental quality standards for soils for Grade II (GB-1518-1995) in china. Maize obtained good growth activities after land application of sewage sludge,maize height and biomass were increased significantly and were better than the control. Land application of sewage sludge inhibited maize seedling emergence and maize root length,showing the effects of dose-effect relationship with sludge application increasing. Maize root length was restrained significantly by heavy metals in the soil, the effects of heavy metals in the soil on plant root system should be considered with land application of sewage sludge. The optimal land application of sewage sludge is 80-120 t·ha-1.

To solve the problems of dead angle and low dissolved oxygen of current soil purification tank system, the combined soil purification tank system reactor was designed to treat domestic sewage by our research group. The results of 10 months indicated that the optimal hydraulic retention time (HRT) were 2.5d; the influent COD concentration fluctuating at 130~350mg/L; the optimal aeration opposition were in the front and the rear end with using the intermittent aeration mode; Under these conditions as above, the COD, NH4+-N, TN and TP average removal rates were 88.8%(S=1.51%), 91.2%(S=1.30%), 89.6%(S=2.15%) and 92.4%(S=2.79%) at (23±2) °C, respectively. Based on the results of trial, the mechanisms of the combined soil purification tank system reactor with higher efficacy in treatment of low concentration sewage are owed to the structure of the waveform and slope, high efficient wetland plants and soil microorganisms of degradation performance and soil matrix of adsorption.

This paper introduced an approach of using diphenylthiocarbazone-chloroform benzene mixed solvent to determine silver content in the ore by extraction colorimetric method. Ammonium chloride-sodium chloride was used for sample melting, and hydrochloric acidic water was adopted to digestion. Then, some parts of the interference elements were separated from it. Silver was dissolved quantitatively out of the ore, and formed complex negative ion of [AgCl-in the liquor. Chloroform-benzene mixed solvent as extraction solvent of diphenylthiocarbazone could improve the stability of diphenylthiocarbazone and silver complex, thus it could raise the accuracy and precision, simplify the operate procedure, and also avoid that phosgene pollute to the environment.

Energy absorbing characteristics of the non-stiffened and stiffened single hat sections subjected to quasi-static axial crushing were experimentally investigated. First non-stiffened hat sections were axially crushed, then structures with different stiffened methods (stiffened in hat and stiffened in the plate) were tested, finally energy absorption capacities of these structures were compared. Test results showed that, for the appropriate designed stiffened tube, the mean crush force and mass specific energy absorption were increased significantly compared to the non-stiffened. Stiffened in hat section showed a little more energy absorption capacity than that stiffened in the plate, but the structure may sustain a global bending.

We designed the binary programmable resistor, using search method found near the nominal resistance value closest to the actual resistance. This method is effective to overcome the contact resistance, temperature drift effects, To achieve a low-cost high-precision.

The determination method of ScSe and Re in uranium ore with ICP-AES has been developed. The determination limits of ScSe and Re are 0.03μg/ml0. 03μg/ml0.016μg/ml respectively. The RSD is less than 8% , and the recoveries are 96% ~106%.

In an open hematite pulp with Fe2+ or Fe3+, Mn2+ and Zn2+, the surface magnetization of mineral hematite was accomplished by mechanical stirring. The both systems of Fe2+ or Fe3+, Mn2+ and Zn2+ magnetized the hematite surface to improve the recovery of hematite by magnetic separation. In the presence of Fe2+, the recovery of hematite increased from 69.0% to 85.7% after magnetization when the pulp temperature was 65°C, the concentration of Fe2+ 1.8x10-2mol/L, the concentration of OH- 0.1mol/L, the stirring speed 400r/min and the reaction time 5min respectively, and the saturation magnetization of hematite also increased from 0.62emu/g to 1.07emu/g, while in the presence of Fe3+, Mn2+ and Zn2+ ions, the saturation magnetization increased to 0.79emu/g. So, the magnetization and the magnetic recovery of hematite in the case of Fe2+ is better than that of Fe3+, Mn2+ and Zn2+. The surface magnetization of hematite occurs due to the adsorption of ultra-fine particles with strong magnetism on the hematite surface in the form of aggregates in the case of Fe2+ while in the form of flakes in the case of Fe3+, Mn2+ and Zn2+.

The article starts from shipping aesthetics and combine the theory analysis of the imagines acknowledge and KE to analysis the relationship of the human visual acknowledge and yacht appearance, then it qualified the yacht imagines acknowledge with the mathematical statistics to build the mathematical statistics model of the relationship between the design elements of the yacht appearance and perceptive imagines. Establish the consumer expected yacht form and provide better experience in customer focus industrial design that the research does.

In view of the situation of domestic iron and steel enterprises to energy-saving, consumption reduction, reducing emissions, to improve the environment and the development of circular economy, the gas of the top tank pressure relief from six blast furnaces in Baotou Group is recycled in the project which has been used in blast furnace of developed countries for more than twenty years. Although China is a big country of iron and steel, it has always belonged to the rough type development, and there has been no precedent application. This design solved the long-standing top charging even pressure diffused pollution of the atmosphere and the noise pollution to the surrounding environment, in addition to recovery the gas recycling.

To determine the ultimate load capacity of drilled shaft socketed into rock under axial compression loading, it is necessary to predict both the ultimate side shear resistance and the base resistance based on field load test or/ and laboratory tests. In geotechnical engineering there are several methods proposed the relationship between rock properties (the unconfined compressive strength) and the ultimate side shears resistance and base resistance. This paper presents the review of design methods of ultimate side shear and base resistance for rock-socketed pile. These empirical functions depend on the socket type and the range of the unconfined compressive strength of rock.

To discover the vibrating compaction mechanism and optimize the working parameters, the test on vibration compaction is designed and the compressive stress and the compaction energy on the loess during the vibrating compaction are studied. The distribution of the compressive stress is analyzed from the stress signals in time domain. And the distribution, absorption and transfer law of the compaction energy in the loess are analyzed from frequency spectrum of the compressive stress signals. The results show that the value of the compressive stress on every layer in the loess increases with the increasing of the rolling times and it decreases with the increasing of the depth. The compressive stress at the top layer increases most quickly, and arrives at its maximum value for the ninth rolling time. The middle and bottom layers both arrive at their maximum values for the eleventh rolling time. The natural frequency of the test loess is 30Hz. At this vibratory frequency, the compaction energy working at the loess is more adequate than that of the other frequencies. And the compaction effect is the best. The vibratory energy absorbed by every layer decreases with the increasing of the soil density. The top layer can get more energy than the middle and the bottom layers. It arrives at the density state firstly. The analysis is in accordance with the experimental results of the compactness.

In order to find a solution to the control of low frequency noise in the cabin of turboprop driven aircraft, an experimental active noise control (ANC) system is introduced in the paper, which consists of vibroacoustic field analogue subsystem, acoustic field measurement subsystem and acoustic barrier exciter subsystem. Effects of both different spaces between the primary sound source and secondary sound source of the ANC system and different frequency noises on noise-reduction result are investigated based on the experimental platform. Results of the experiment show a significant potential of the ANC method for the control of low frequency noise in the cabin of turboprop driven aircraft.

Due to its excellent performances, the combined diesel and diesel (CODAD) propulsion plant is widely applied in modern medium-sized marine vessels. An experimental test rig of marine CODAD propulsion plant is built in the laboratory so that characteristics of the CODAD propulsion plant can be investigated in detail. Modeling of the CODAD test rig is presented at first in the paper. Validity of the model is proved with the experimental data. In order that an optimized merging process of the test rig can be accessed, a simulation analysis based on the model is carried out to choose rational engaging parameters of the clutches.

During optimization of transmission ratios, dimension difference of power performance and fuel economy indicators exists. Aiming at this problem, large bus model based on Matlab is built and verified, a normalization processing method of optimization goal is proposed. Through normalization processing of power performance and fuel economy indicators of the optimization goal, the dimension difference problem is eliminated. An optimization example is conducted, proving the method is feasible.

In order to meet the market demand for carpet sampling, designed a NC control system by analyzing the working principle of Axminster loom, the upper computer program could extract, analyze and process the pixel information from image and to communicate with the lower system instantaneity via Ethernet and send the information of the picture to the lower system. The lower system combines with the Servo control and motion control program, making each part of the system move precisely and coordinately. The system can make carpet sample more efficiently with high quality. The result showed that this control system has practical application value.

Red Spider software is introduced in line with the features of multimedia network teaching. First introduced are the features of Red Spider software, and then described are the main functions of the software. Finally, several problems concerning practical application are listed out.

A new type of cooling device used for server is designed in this paper. A small type of server is taken as a research object to compare the effect of air cooling and evaporative cooling under different CPU power consumption. The effects of this research are discussed on evaporative cooling for the stability of the CPU heat dissipation and the cooler on other components. The results show that the temperature distribution of the server’s case is more uniform and the temperature test of the CPU is more stable when it is cooled by evaporative cooling.

In order to develop PET/PTT bicomponent filament, the structure informations of PET/PTT fibers with different spinning parameters were got by density method, Wide Angle X-ray Diffraction (WAXD), sonic orientation and Differiential Scanning Calority (DSC). Their mechanical and crimp properties were got from Instron 5566. On the spinning line, the PET component will crystal firstly and has higher draw inducing orientation and crystallinity than the PET fiber under the same spinning parameters, and those of PTT component are lower than those of PTT fiber. The crimp shrinkage and the elongation, the sonic orientation factor and the crystallinity of each component will improve with the increasing difference of the viscousity of two polymers. The crimp shrinkage and the elongation of the PET/PTT fiber are the highest when the content of the two components is equal. The crystallinity of each component decreases and the sonic orientation factor increases with the increasing difference of the content of two polymer.

The performance tests of an electronically controlled high pressure common rail diesel engine and of the car mounted with an engine of this type fuelled by biodiesel–diesel mixed fuel with different mixing ratios are conducted, and its power outputs, fuel economies and emissions are measured and compared with the one of diesel operation. The results indicate that: when the load is 2200 r/min, the effective specific energy consumption decreases, NOx emission increases; smoke emission decreases at high load and keeps almost no change at low and middle loads; HC emission decreases at low and middle loads and keeps the same at high loads, and CO emission maintains the same; at full load characteristics, the power output increases slightly, HC and smoke emissions decrease, CO and NOx emissions increase.

An experimental study is made on the emission of a single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine with different proportions of GDE and diesel. The study shows the mechanism when GDE is added to diesel to reduce diesel emission. And an analysis of pollutant emission is made on the regularities of variation with engine load changes. The results show that the addition of diesel oil in the volume fraction of 10% to 20% of GDE can significantly increase the thermal efficiency, shorten the duration of diesel combustion, substantially decrease carbon smoke and CO in emission under the high-load conditions and slightly lessen the NOx emission, but HC emission still remain basically unchanged.

This paper analyzes the basic combustion characteristics of dual-fuel engine with diesel-natural gas, including the engine’s running characteristics, the external characteristics and the low-load performance. Taking the development and application of natural gas for consideration, this paper also makes studies on how to improve the dynamic performance of the dual-fuel engine CA6110ZLA5N2.

Indoor model experiments were made to study drag loads on two piles of side-by-side arrangements in the uniform flow. Take three different velocities of the flow, three different diameters of piles and five different distances of two piles in the experiments to get the variations of loads. Drag forces were measured by a two-component balance. Analysis on experiment results shows that drag forces increase with the increase of the pile diameter, the increase of the flow velocity and the decrease of the distance of two piles. The drag coefficient CDunder different Reynolds numbers shows the same change law. The drag coefficient CDdecreases with the increase of the distance of two piles and has good coherence to the ratio of the distance of two piles to the pile diameter.

Based on the characteristics of high fluctuation and periodicity of output power during working process of wheel loader, hybrid drive technology can provide a solution for fuel saving and fuel reduction of wheel loader through power adjustment function and energy recycle feature. Aiming at power output motion of wheel loader duty cycle, 7 means for hybrid wheel loader to save fuel have been proposed; contribution to save fuel and easiness to realize the goal under current technical conditions of each means has also been assessed. It is considered that there are two categories of wheel loader energy saving technology: one is to increase fuel utilization rate, and the other is improve transmission efficiency of torque converter. However, realizing one of these two aspects can not save fuel ideally; improvement in both aspects will bring satisfactory energy materials saving effects.

Indoor model experiments were made to study loads on single pile under the wave-current flow. Take three different velocities of the current and three different diameters of piles in the experiments to get the variations of loads. Drag and lift forces were measured by a two-component balance. Analysis on experiment results shows that, both drag force and lift force increase with the increase of the pile diameter and the current velocity. The drag coefficient Cd increases with the increase of Kc number until Kc researches 12, when Kc is more than 12, Cd decreases with the increase of Kc; while the inertia force coefficient Cm decreases with the increase of Kc, when Kc is more than 12, Cmchanges little. And the lift coefficient shows no correlation with the Kc number.

This paper makes road test on two kinds of engine lubricant, one contains nano-ceramic additives, and one does not. Results show that the lubricant containing nano-ceramic additives can fully meet the requirements of automotive engine, and nano-ceramic lubricant is superior in anti-wear properties to other lubricant in experiment, and nano-ceramic additives can improve the anti-wear properties of lubricant.

Gamma irradiation crosslinking of nylon6 fibers with and without the presence of triallyl cyanurate(TAC) was studied, XRD、DSC、IR and TG were used to analyze the effects of irradiation crosslinking on structure and properties of PA6 fibers. The melt-drip performance of PA6 fibers was improved after irradiation crosslinking. The breaking strength increased first then decreased as a function of absorbed dose, while elongation at break decreased. The melting temperature and crystallinity decreased with increasing the dose. Besides, the onset temperature of degradation fell slightly and the amount of non-volatile residue at 600oC increased as the irradiation dosage increased.

The engine is the main vibration resource of vehicle. In this paper the uncouple rate was the object function and the suspending system’s stiffness were set to the design variable, during the calculation the transfer rate and the frequency rotate the axle x were considered. With the optimization the uncouple rate was improved which can improve the engine’s vibration ability effectively.

Optimization of an engine accessory bracket is conducted by using the method offered by the Optistruct software. An initial structure is created based on the interspaces left by the layout of accessories，and multiple static and modal analyses are carried out in order to obtain basic stiffness and modal information. Then a model which minimizes the structural weight with the displacement and frequency constraints for multiple loading cases is defined. The simulation yields an optimal topology. According to the optimal topology and considering some other factors, a new design is created and FEA is made to validate the design. The results show that the method can accessory bracket light in weight and maximum is stiffness.

Hydraulic excavator energy saving is one of the dominating problem that trouble construction machinery industry. Hybrid technology brings forward a new solution for this puzzle. In the research of hybrid hydraulic excavator, we set up a parallel hybrid excavator test bench based on modular-design method, this fills a domestic technology gap. Power-train performance test is undertaken on this bench and the power assist control strategy is proved to be significant energy saving.

For the stiffness of the cutting face is nonuniform, the evenness of the machining face may not be ensured during a gearbox back shell’s cutting process. By reasonably simplifying the machining process, a cutting stiffness contrast analysis of three design schemes is performed in this paper, and then improvement advice is brought forward to the design engineer. The paper has some engineering value and can be used for reference in similar analysis.

In this paper, the finite element model of some car’s body-in-white is established in Hypermesh. The model analysis is executed based on the element model in ANSYS. Through the model analysis the dynamic parameters of the body-in-white are obtained. At the same time，the modal test of a real car body is implemented. The reliability of the finite element model is validated based on the modal test. The results show that the stiffness of the body-in-white is great enough and it can provide optimal design for future designers.

The PET/PTT self-crimp filament appears obvious crimp elasticity under appropriate finishing conditions. The paper discusses the properties and structures of the PET/PTT filament at different temperatures. With the rising treatment temperature, the shrinkage of PET/PTT fiber increases, while its crimp elongation decreases; both the sonic orientation factor of PET/PTT fiber and the crystallinity of PET and PTT component in PET/PTT fiber decrease. The sonic orientation factor of PET fiber and PTT fiber decrease, their crystallinity increases with the rising treatment temperature. The decrease of the crystallinity of two components makes the orientation lower, which leads to the results that the length of the fiber shrinks and the shrinkage is higher than the crimp shrinkage from the shrinkage difference of two components.

Considerable interest has recently been developed in processing bulk materials through the application of severe plastic deformation (SPD). High pressure torsion(HPT) is one of severe plastic deformation methods. By this method, the material grain size can be refined to 20~200nm, which are nanometer level, and the micro-hardness and mechanical properties of materials can be improved. So the nanometer material can be got through this method. In this paper, the results of the rigid-plastic finite element analysis of the plastic deformation behavior of bulk materials during the HPT processing are presented. The torque and strain patterns of the sample as well as the relationship between the slippage time and pressure are also investigated.

Much attention has been paid to NiTi intermetallic coating for enhancing cavitation erosion resistance property due to its shape memory effect. In this paper two processes were used to deposit NiTi intermetallic coatings. Process 1 was the deposition of NiTi intermetallic coating using warm spray process with NiTi intermetallic powder as feedstock, and solution treatment was subsequently performed. Process 2 was a mixture process of warm spray and laser treatment. Ni-Ti coating was first deposited via warm spray process with Ni-cladding Ti as feedstock, and laser-treatment was performed to realize the alloying of Ni-Ti. The microstructure and phase compositions for NiTi intermetallic coatings were characterized by means of SEM and XRD. The fundamental properties for NiTi intermetallic coatings were also analyzed.

This paper tested the measures of separation of a fuzzy clustering. Over the same labeled data, Fuzzy k-Means clustering algorithm generates the first fuzzy clustering, then the proposed revision function in (6) revises it several times to generate various fuzzy partitions with different pattern recognition rates computed by (5), finally the measures of separation measure the separation of each fuzzy clustering. Experimental results on real data show that the measures of separation in literatures fail to measure the separation of a fuzzy clustering in some cases, for they argue that the fuzzy clustering with higher pattern recognition rate is less separate between clusters and worse than that with lower pattern recognition rate.