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Introduction: Lung ultrasound (LUS) implementation in patients with COVID-19 can help to establish the degree of pulmonary involvement, evaluate treatment response and estimate in-hospital outcome., Objective: To evaluate the application of a LUS protocol in patients with COVID-19 infection to predict in-hospital mortality., Methods: The study was carried out from April 1 to August 1, 2020 in patients with COVID-19 infection admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. Lung evaluation was carried out by physicians trained in critical care ultrasonography., Results: Most patients were males, median age was 56 years, and 59 % required mechanical ventilation. In-hospital mortality was 39.4 %, and in those with a LUS score ≥ 19, mortality was higher (50 %). The multiple logistic regression model showed that a LUS score ≥ 19 was significantly associated with mortality (hazard ratio = 2.55, p = 0.01)., Conclusions: LUS is a safe and fast clinical tool that can be applied at bedside in patients with COVID-19 infection to establish the degree of parenchymal involvement and predict mortality., (Copyright: © 2021 Permanyer.)

Introduction: In Mexico, there is an alarming increase in the number of cases of Mycobacterium bovis infection on pulmonary and extrapulmonary presentations. The lack of timely identification triggers complications and increases mortality., Objective: To know the frequency of M. bovis infections in clinical samples of patients with tuberculosis in the mycobacteria laboratory of a reference hospital in Mexico City., Method: Prospective, descriptive study. Strains isolated from biological material were studied in Löwestein-Jensen and MGITI960 cultures. M. bovis was identified by amplifying the RD9 fragment with end-point polymerase chain reaction (PCR)., Results: Eight-hundred and fifty tuberculosis-diagnosed patients were included; in 441 cases, Mycobacterium tuberculosis was confirmed by positive culture (250 pulmonary, 65 ganglionic, 39 renal, 34 meningeal, 25 miliary, 14 pleural, 8 peritoneal, 4 bone and 2 pericardial cases). Forty-eight strains (10.8%) were typified as M. bovis by amplification of the RD9 fragment with end-point PCR., Conclusions: M. bovis is not currently thought of a causative agent of tuberculosis, which could be the cause of pharmacological treatment failure. In this study, the main extrapulmonary form was observed to be cervical lymphadenopathy., (Copyright: © 2019 Permanyer.)

Introduction: New hospitals are replacing old facilities. There is little information on the performance of an intensive care unit (ICU) when it is relocated in a new and equipped area., Objective: To analyze the impact of the change of ICU facilities from a shared environment to individual beds on the occurrence of adverse events., Method: Cross-sectional, comparative study, with prospectively collected data from patients admitted from March 01, 2014 to February 28, 2017 to the former ICU (f-ICU) and from July 17, 2017 to January 17, 2019 to the new ICU (n-ICU) of a public teaching hospital. The rate of adverse events was measured in events per 1,000 patient-days., Results: Among 1,188 patients (f-ICU, n = 681 vs. n-ICU, n = 507), a reduction in the rate of unforeseen cardiac arrest (rate ratio: 0.31; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.12-0.80) and an increase in the rate of unplanned extubation (rate ratio: 2.49; 95% CI = 1.24-5.01) were observed, with both being statistically significant. The other nine monitored adverse events showed no changes., Conclusions: In comparison with the f-ICU, most of the monitored adverse events did not significantly change within the first 18 months of activities at the n-ICU., (Copyright: © 2019 Permanyer.)

The appearance of new anti-tuberculosis drugs such as bedaquiline and delamanid makes it impossible not to remember that the first strictly controlled medical trials of tuberculosis treatment were published in two rigorously researched outstanding articles that can be qualified as historical. In 1948, streptomycin was formally studied as an efficacious anti-tuberculosis drug. In 1952, another trial compared streptomycin-paramino salicylic acid with isoniazid, by means of which the first bases of pharmacological tuberculosis treatment were established., (Copyright: © 2018 SecretarÍa de Salud.)

Unlabelled: Mass communication is essential to social harmony and for the dissemination of ideas and ways of life., Objective: understanding the impact of social networking to complete health communication microblogging and dissemination of tobacco control and describe its scope and limitations., Methods: they opened accounts on Facebook and Twitter Wall recording activity, messages and papers presented at the January 2010 period through September 2011 in the profiles of both accounts., Results: 1,694 there were friends, 707 men and 987 women plus 814 institutions and 77 followers Facebook Twitter followers, having both a greater response between 20-40 years of age in different social levels, with similar characteristics and results of operation as models of counter-advertising to quit smoke and effective with good impact on the measures related to treatment and harm to health caused by smoking, it was shown that the non-professional population has a high interest in these themes., Conclusions: we suggest that the cost-effectiveness of these programs should be evaluated, and improved future programs should be considered also for selected universal smoking cessation programs indicated by activist via the internet.

The airway obstruction may be for many diseases. In some cases is for malignant pathology and other cases for benign pathology. The etiology of malignant pathology may be for bronchogenic carcinoma, metastatic tumours, trachea primary tumours and larynx. The benign pathology may be for late obstruction post-tracheostomy and granulomas at many infections diseases. In this cases the most important etiology is Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The early diagnosis and the intervention of multidisciplinary group, with the participation at otorrinolaringologies, bronchoscopist, neck surgeons, chest surgeons, and radioterapeuts, can result in a best life quality and resolve the airway obstruction.

Background and Objective: Tobacco consumption is a public health problem. Hospitals are not free of this circumstance because there are smokers inside these institutions; thus, it is important to identify who smoke in hospitals., Method and Results: A general survey with closed questions was carried out among 659 workers at a tertiary level general hospital. Smoking habit was positive in 184 employees and negative in 475. The majority of smokers were married and worked in the administrative offices, 46 of which belong to the medical area. Academic level was not an important determinant for tobacco consumption. The habit began between 10 to 20 years of age, mainly in relation with a sensation of pleasure, relaxation, and the need to smoke., Conclusions: The main site for smoking was the working area, 70% of nonsmokers are converted passive non-voluntary smokers. It is important to take actions to avoid tobacco smoking in hospitals in pursuit of a hospital environment free of tobacco smoke.

Three patients with invasive thymoma and superior vena cava syndrome with severe symptoms of cerebral venous hypertension and respiratory obstruction are presented. Two patients showed a type I obstruction and the other had a type II obstruction as defined by Stanford and Doty. In all of them, the tumor was resected and a graft bypass was placed between the left innominate vein and the right appendage. In two patients the grafts were venous and in the other it was a PTFE. All grafts were reinforced with wire rings. The patients improved and the symptoms of the SVCS disappeared, the average time of permeability was 10 months.

A rare case of gigantic bronchiectasis consecutive to chronic inhalation of pork hair (hog's bristle) is presented. The possible pathogenic mechanisms are discussed. The case was subject to surgical resection of the affected lung segment, lingula.