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1. Primary stroke prevention worldwide: translating evidence into action.

Author

Owolabi M.O., Thrift A.G., Mahal A., Ishida M., Martins S., Johnson W.D., Pandian J., Abd-Allah F., Yaria J., Phan H.T., Roth G., Gall S.L., Beare R., Phan T.G., Mikulik R., Akinyemi R.O., Norrving B., Brainin M., Feigin V.L., Abanto C., Abera S.F., Addissie A., Adebayo O., Adeleye A.O., Adilbekov Y., Adilbekova B., Adoukonou T.A., Aguiar de Sousa D., Ajagbe T., Akhmetzhanova Z., Akpalu A., Alvarez Ahlgren J., Ameriso S., Andonova S., Awoniyi F.E., Bakhiet M., Barboza M., Basri H., Bath P., Bello O., Bereczki D., Beretta S., Berkowitz A., Bernabe-Ortiz A., Bernhardt J., Berzina G., Bisharyan M., Bovet P., Budincevic H., Cadilhac D., Caso V., Chen C., Chin J., Chwojnicki K., Conforto A., Cruz V.T., D'Amelio M., Danielyan K., Davis S., Demarin V., Dempsey R., Dichgans M., Dokova K., Donnan G., Elkind M.S., Endres M., Fischer U., Gankpe F., Gaye Saavedra A., Gil A., Giroud M., Gnedovskaya E., Hachinski V., Hafdi M., Hamadeh R., Hamzat T.K., Hankey G., Heldner M., Ibrahim E.A., Ibrahim N.M., Inoue M., Jee S., Jeng J.-S., Kalkonde Y., Kamenova S., Karaszewski B., Kelly P., Khan T., Kiechl S., Kondybayeva A., Korv J., Kravchenko M., Krishnamurthi R.V., Kruja J., Lakkhanaloet M., Langhorne P., Lavados P.M., Law Z.K., Lawal A., Lazo-Porras M., Lebedynets D., Lee T.-H., Leung T., Liebeskind D.S., Lindsay P., Lopez-Jaramillo P., Lotufo P.A., Machline-Carrion J., Makanjuola A., Markus H.S., Marquez-Romero J.M., Medina M., Medukhanova S., Mehndiratta M.M., Merkin A., Mirrakhimov E., Mohl S., Moscoso-Porras M., Muller-Stierlin A., Murphy S., Musa K.I., Nasreldein A., Nogueira R.G., Nolte C., Noubiap J.J., Novarro-Escudero N., Ogun Y., Oguntoye R.A., Oraby M.I., Osundina M., Ovbiagele B., Orken D.N., Ozdemir A.O., Ozturk S., Paccot M., Phromjai J., Piradov P., Platz T., Potpara T., Ranta A., Rathore F., Richard E., Sacco R.L., Sahathevan R., Santos Carquin I., Saposnik G., Sarfo F.S., Sharma M., Sheth K., Shobhana A., Suwanwela N., Svyato I., Sylaja P.N., Tao X., Thakur K.T., Toni D., Topcuoglu M.A., Torales J., Towfighi A., Truelsen T.C., Tsiskaridze A., Tulloch-Reid M., Useche N., Vanacker P., Vassilopoulou S., Vukorepa G., Vuletic V., Wahab K.W., Wang W., Wijeratne T., Wolfe C., Yifru Y.M., Yock-Corrales A., Yonemoto N., Yperzeele L., Zhang P., Owolabi M.O., Thrift A.G., Mahal A., Ishida M., Martins S., Johnson W.D., Pandian J., Abd-Allah F., Yaria J., Phan H.T., Roth G., Gall S.L., Beare R., Phan T.G., Mikulik R., Akinyemi R.O., Norrving B., Brainin M., Feigin V.L., Abanto C., Abera S.F., Addissie A., Adebayo O., Adeleye A.O., Adilbekov Y., Adilbekova B., Adoukonou T.A., Aguiar de Sousa D., Ajagbe T., Akhmetzhanova Z., Akpalu A., Alvarez Ahlgren J., Ameriso S., Andonova S., Awoniyi F.E., Bakhiet M., Barboza M., Basri H., Bath P., Bello O., Bereczki D., Beretta S., Berkowitz A., Bernabe-Ortiz A., Bernhardt J., Berzina G., Bisharyan M., Bovet P., Budincevic H., Cadilhac D., Caso V., Chen C., Chin J., Chwojnicki K., Conforto A., Cruz V.T., D'Amelio M., Danielyan K., Davis S., Demarin V., Dempsey R., Dichgans M., Dokova K., Donnan G., Elkind M.S., Endres M., Fischer U., Gankpe F., Gaye Saavedra A., Gil A., Giroud M., Gnedovskaya E., Hachinski V., Hafdi M., Hamadeh R., Hamzat T.K., Hankey G., Heldner M., Ibrahim E.A., Ibrahim N.M., Inoue M., Jee S., Jeng J.-S., Kalkonde Y., Kamenova S., Karaszewski B., Kelly P., Khan T., Kiechl S., Kondybayeva A., Korv J., Kravchenko M., Krishnamurthi R.V., Kruja J., Lakkhanaloet M., Langhorne P., Lavados P.M., Law Z.K., Lawal A., Lazo-Porras M., Lebedynets D., Lee T.-H., Leung T., Liebeskind D.S., Lindsay P., Lopez-Jaramillo P., Lotufo P.A., Machline-Carrion J., Makanjuola A., Markus H.S., Marquez-Romero J.M., Medina M., Medukhanova S., Mehndiratta M.M., Merkin A., Mirrakhimov E., Mohl S., Moscoso-Porras M., Muller-Stierlin A., Murphy S., Musa K.I., Nasreldein A., Nogueira R.G., Nolte C., Noubiap J.J., Novarro-Escudero N., Ogun Y., Oguntoye R.A., Oraby M.I., Osundina M., Ovbiagele B., Orken D.N., Ozdemir A.O., Ozturk S., Paccot M., Phromjai J., Piradov P., Platz T., Potpara T., Ranta A., Rathore F., Richard E., Sacco R.L., Sahathevan R., Santos Carquin I., Saposnik G., Sarfo F.S., Sharma M., Sheth K., Shobhana A., Suwanwela N., Svyato I., Sylaja P.N., Tao X., Thakur K.T., Toni D., Topcuoglu M.A., Torales J., Towfighi A., Truelsen T.C., Tsiskaridze A., Tulloch-Reid M., Useche N., Vanacker P., Vassilopoulou S., Vukorepa G., Vuletic V., Wahab K.W., Wang W., Wijeratne T., Wolfe C., Yifru Y.M., Yock-Corrales A., Yonemoto N., Yperzeele L., and Zhang P.

Abstract

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide and its burden is increasing rapidly in low-income and middle-income countries, many of which are unable to face the challenges it imposes. In this Health Policy paper on primary stroke prevention, we provide an overview of the current situation regarding primary prevention services, estimate the cost of stroke and stroke prevention, and identify deficiencies in existing guidelines and gaps in primary prevention. We also offer a set of pragmatic solutions for implementation of primary stroke prevention, with an emphasis on the role of governments and population-wide strategies, including task-shifting and sharing and health system re-engineering. Implementation of primary stroke prevention involves patients, health professionals, funders, policy makers, implementation partners, and the entire population along the life course.Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license

Published
2022

2. Primary stroke prevention worldwide: translating evidence into action.

Author

Owolabi M.O., Thrift A.G., Mahal A., Ishida M., Martins S., Johnson W.D., Pandian J., Abd-Allah F., Yaria J., Phan H.T., Roth G., Gall S.L., Beare R., Phan T.G., Mikulik R., Akinyemi R.O., Norrving B., Brainin M., Feigin V.L., Abanto C., Abera S.F., Addissie A., Adebayo O., Adeleye A.O., Adilbekov Y., Adilbekova B., Adoukonou T.A., Aguiar de Sousa D., Ajagbe T., Akhmetzhanova Z., Akpalu A., Alvarez Ahlgren J., Ameriso S., Andonova S., Awoniyi F.E., Bakhiet M., Barboza M., Basri H., Bath P., Bello O., Bereczki D., Beretta S., Berkowitz A., Bernabe-Ortiz A., Bernhardt J., Berzina G., Bisharyan M., Bovet P., Budincevic H., Cadilhac D., Caso V., Chen C., Chin J., Chwojnicki K., Conforto A., Cruz V.T., D'Amelio M., Danielyan K., Davis S., Demarin V., Dempsey R., Dichgans M., Dokova K., Donnan G., Elkind M.S., Endres M., Fischer U., Gankpe F., Gaye Saavedra A., Gil A., Giroud M., Gnedovskaya E., Hachinski V., Hafdi M., Hamadeh R., Hamzat T.K., Hankey G., Heldner M., Ibrahim E.A., Ibrahim N.M., Inoue M., Jee S., Jeng J.-S., Kalkonde Y., Kamenova S., Karaszewski B., Kelly P., Khan T., Kiechl S., Kondybayeva A., Korv J., Kravchenko M., Krishnamurthi R.V., Kruja J., Lakkhanaloet M., Langhorne P., Lavados P.M., Law Z.K., Lawal A., Lazo-Porras M., Lebedynets D., Lee T.-H., Leung T., Liebeskind D.S., Lindsay P., Lopez-Jaramillo P., Lotufo P.A., Machline-Carrion J., Makanjuola A., Markus H.S., Marquez-Romero J.M., Medina M., Medukhanova S., Mehndiratta M.M., Merkin A., Mirrakhimov E., Mohl S., Moscoso-Porras M., Muller-Stierlin A., Murphy S., Musa K.I., Nasreldein A., Nogueira R.G., Nolte C., Noubiap J.J., Novarro-Escudero N., Ogun Y., Oguntoye R.A., Oraby M.I., Osundina M., Ovbiagele B., Orken D.N., Ozdemir A.O., Ozturk S., Paccot M., Phromjai J., Piradov P., Platz T., Potpara T., Ranta A., Rathore F., Richard E., Sacco R.L., Sahathevan R., Santos Carquin I., Saposnik G., Sarfo F.S., Sharma M., Sheth K., Shobhana A., Suwanwela N., Svyato I., Sylaja P.N., Tao X., Thakur K.T., Toni D., Topcuoglu M.A., Torales J., Towfighi A., Truelsen T.C., Tsiskaridze A., Tulloch-Reid M., Useche N., Vanacker P., Vassilopoulou S., Vukorepa G., Vuletic V., Wahab K.W., Wang W., Wijeratne T., Wolfe C., Yifru Y.M., Yock-Corrales A., Yonemoto N., Yperzeele L., Zhang P., Owolabi M.O., Thrift A.G., Mahal A., Ishida M., Martins S., Johnson W.D., Pandian J., Abd-Allah F., Yaria J., Phan H.T., Roth G., Gall S.L., Beare R., Phan T.G., Mikulik R., Akinyemi R.O., Norrving B., Brainin M., Feigin V.L., Abanto C., Abera S.F., Addissie A., Adebayo O., Adeleye A.O., Adilbekov Y., Adilbekova B., Adoukonou T.A., Aguiar de Sousa D., Ajagbe T., Akhmetzhanova Z., Akpalu A., Alvarez Ahlgren J., Ameriso S., Andonova S., Awoniyi F.E., Bakhiet M., Barboza M., Basri H., Bath P., Bello O., Bereczki D., Beretta S., Berkowitz A., Bernabe-Ortiz A., Bernhardt J., Berzina G., Bisharyan M., Bovet P., Budincevic H., Cadilhac D., Caso V., Chen C., Chin J., Chwojnicki K., Conforto A., Cruz V.T., D'Amelio M., Danielyan K., Davis S., Demarin V., Dempsey R., Dichgans M., Dokova K., Donnan G., Elkind M.S., Endres M., Fischer U., Gankpe F., Gaye Saavedra A., Gil A., Giroud M., Gnedovskaya E., Hachinski V., Hafdi M., Hamadeh R., Hamzat T.K., Hankey G., Heldner M., Ibrahim E.A., Ibrahim N.M., Inoue M., Jee S., Jeng J.-S., Kalkonde Y., Kamenova S., Karaszewski B., Kelly P., Khan T., Kiechl S., Kondybayeva A., Korv J., Kravchenko M., Krishnamurthi R.V., Kruja J., Lakkhanaloet M., Langhorne P., Lavados P.M., Law Z.K., Lawal A., Lazo-Porras M., Lebedynets D., Lee T.-H., Leung T., Liebeskind D.S., Lindsay P., Lopez-Jaramillo P., Lotufo P.A., Machline-Carrion J., Makanjuola A., Markus H.S., Marquez-Romero J.M., Medina M., Medukhanova S., Mehndiratta M.M., Merkin A., Mirrakhimov E., Mohl S., Moscoso-Porras M., Muller-Stierlin A., Murphy S., Musa K.I., Nasreldein A., Nogueira R.G., Nolte C., Noubiap J.J., Novarro-Escudero N., Ogun Y., Oguntoye R.A., Oraby M.I., Osundina M., Ovbiagele B., Orken D.N., Ozdemir A.O., Ozturk S., Paccot M., Phromjai J., Piradov P., Platz T., Potpara T., Ranta A., Rathore F., Richard E., Sacco R.L., Sahathevan R., Santos Carquin I., Saposnik G., Sarfo F.S., Sharma M., Sheth K., Shobhana A., Suwanwela N., Svyato I., Sylaja P.N., Tao X., Thakur K.T., Toni D., Topcuoglu M.A., Torales J., Towfighi A., Truelsen T.C., Tsiskaridze A., Tulloch-Reid M., Useche N., Vanacker P., Vassilopoulou S., Vukorepa G., Vuletic V., Wahab K.W., Wang W., Wijeratne T., Wolfe C., Yifru Y.M., Yock-Corrales A., Yonemoto N., Yperzeele L., and Zhang P.

Abstract

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide and its burden is increasing rapidly in low-income and middle-income countries, many of which are unable to face the challenges it imposes. In this Health Policy paper on primary stroke prevention, we provide an overview of the current situation regarding primary prevention services, estimate the cost of stroke and stroke prevention, and identify deficiencies in existing guidelines and gaps in primary prevention. We also offer a set of pragmatic solutions for implementation of primary stroke prevention, with an emphasis on the role of governments and population-wide strategies, including task-shifting and sharing and health system re-engineering. Implementation of primary stroke prevention involves patients, health professionals, funders, policy makers, implementation partners, and the entire population along the life course.Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license

Published
2022

3. Primary stroke prevention worldwide: translating evidence into action.

Author

Owolabi M.O., Thrift A.G., Mahal A., Ishida M., Martins S., Johnson W.D., Pandian J., Abd-Allah F., Yaria J., Phan H.T., Roth G., Gall S.L., Beare R., Phan T.G., Mikulik R., Akinyemi R.O., Norrving B., Brainin M., Feigin V.L., Abanto C., Abera S.F., Addissie A., Adebayo O., Adeleye A.O., Adilbekov Y., Adilbekova B., Adoukonou T.A., Aguiar de Sousa D., Ajagbe T., Akhmetzhanova Z., Akpalu A., Alvarez Ahlgren J., Ameriso S., Andonova S., Awoniyi F.E., Bakhiet M., Barboza M., Basri H., Bath P., Bello O., Bereczki D., Beretta S., Berkowitz A., Bernabe-Ortiz A., Bernhardt J., Berzina G., Bisharyan M., Bovet P., Budincevic H., Cadilhac D., Caso V., Chen C., Chin J., Chwojnicki K., Conforto A., Cruz V.T., D'Amelio M., Danielyan K., Davis S., Demarin V., Dempsey R., Dichgans M., Dokova K., Donnan G., Elkind M.S., Endres M., Fischer U., Gankpe F., Gaye Saavedra A., Gil A., Giroud M., Gnedovskaya E., Hachinski V., Hafdi M., Hamadeh R., Hamzat T.K., Hankey G., Heldner M., Ibrahim E.A., Ibrahim N.M., Inoue M., Jee S., Jeng J.-S., Kalkonde Y., Kamenova S., Karaszewski B., Kelly P., Khan T., Kiechl S., Kondybayeva A., Korv J., Kravchenko M., Krishnamurthi R.V., Kruja J., Lakkhanaloet M., Langhorne P., Lavados P.M., Law Z.K., Lawal A., Lazo-Porras M., Lebedynets D., Lee T.-H., Leung T., Liebeskind D.S., Lindsay P., Lopez-Jaramillo P., Lotufo P.A., Machline-Carrion J., Makanjuola A., Markus H.S., Marquez-Romero J.M., Medina M., Medukhanova S., Mehndiratta M.M., Merkin A., Mirrakhimov E., Mohl S., Moscoso-Porras M., Muller-Stierlin A., Murphy S., Musa K.I., Nasreldein A., Nogueira R.G., Nolte C., Noubiap J.J., Novarro-Escudero N., Ogun Y., Oguntoye R.A., Oraby M.I., Osundina M., Ovbiagele B., Orken D.N., Ozdemir A.O., Ozturk S., Paccot M., Phromjai J., Piradov P., Platz T., Potpara T., Ranta A., Rathore F., Richard E., Sacco R.L., Sahathevan R., Santos Carquin I., Saposnik G., Sarfo F.S., Sharma M., Sheth K., Shobhana A., Suwanwela N., Svyato I., Sylaja P.N., Tao X., Thakur K.T., Toni D., Topcuoglu M.A., Torales J., Towfighi A., Truelsen T.C., Tsiskaridze A., Tulloch-Reid M., Useche N., Vanacker P., Vassilopoulou S., Vukorepa G., Vuletic V., Wahab K.W., Wang W., Wijeratne T., Wolfe C., Yifru Y.M., Yock-Corrales A., Yonemoto N., Yperzeele L., Zhang P., Owolabi M.O., Thrift A.G., Mahal A., Ishida M., Martins S., Johnson W.D., Pandian J., Abd-Allah F., Yaria J., Phan H.T., Roth G., Gall S.L., Beare R., Phan T.G., Mikulik R., Akinyemi R.O., Norrving B., Brainin M., Feigin V.L., Abanto C., Abera S.F., Addissie A., Adebayo O., Adeleye A.O., Adilbekov Y., Adilbekova B., Adoukonou T.A., Aguiar de Sousa D., Ajagbe T., Akhmetzhanova Z., Akpalu A., Alvarez Ahlgren J., Ameriso S., Andonova S., Awoniyi F.E., Bakhiet M., Barboza M., Basri H., Bath P., Bello O., Bereczki D., Beretta S., Berkowitz A., Bernabe-Ortiz A., Bernhardt J., Berzina G., Bisharyan M., Bovet P., Budincevic H., Cadilhac D., Caso V., Chen C., Chin J., Chwojnicki K., Conforto A., Cruz V.T., D'Amelio M., Danielyan K., Davis S., Demarin V., Dempsey R., Dichgans M., Dokova K., Donnan G., Elkind M.S., Endres M., Fischer U., Gankpe F., Gaye Saavedra A., Gil A., Giroud M., Gnedovskaya E., Hachinski V., Hafdi M., Hamadeh R., Hamzat T.K., Hankey G., Heldner M., Ibrahim E.A., Ibrahim N.M., Inoue M., Jee S., Jeng J.-S., Kalkonde Y., Kamenova S., Karaszewski B., Kelly P., Khan T., Kiechl S., Kondybayeva A., Korv J., Kravchenko M., Krishnamurthi R.V., Kruja J., Lakkhanaloet M., Langhorne P., Lavados P.M., Law Z.K., Lawal A., Lazo-Porras M., Lebedynets D., Lee T.-H., Leung T., Liebeskind D.S., Lindsay P., Lopez-Jaramillo P., Lotufo P.A., Machline-Carrion J., Makanjuola A., Markus H.S., Marquez-Romero J.M., Medina M., Medukhanova S., Mehndiratta M.M., Merkin A., Mirrakhimov E., Mohl S., Moscoso-Porras M., Muller-Stierlin A., Murphy S., Musa K.I., Nasreldein A., Nogueira R.G., Nolte C., Noubiap J.J., Novarro-Escudero N., Ogun Y., Oguntoye R.A., Oraby M.I., Osundina M., Ovbiagele B., Orken D.N., Ozdemir A.O., Ozturk S., Paccot M., Phromjai J., Piradov P., Platz T., Potpara T., Ranta A., Rathore F., Richard E., Sacco R.L., Sahathevan R., Santos Carquin I., Saposnik G., Sarfo F.S., Sharma M., Sheth K., Shobhana A., Suwanwela N., Svyato I., Sylaja P.N., Tao X., Thakur K.T., Toni D., Topcuoglu M.A., Torales J., Towfighi A., Truelsen T.C., Tsiskaridze A., Tulloch-Reid M., Useche N., Vanacker P., Vassilopoulou S., Vukorepa G., Vuletic V., Wahab K.W., Wang W., Wijeratne T., Wolfe C., Yifru Y.M., Yock-Corrales A., Yonemoto N., Yperzeele L., and Zhang P.

Abstract

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide and its burden is increasing rapidly in low-income and middle-income countries, many of which are unable to face the challenges it imposes. In this Health Policy paper on primary stroke prevention, we provide an overview of the current situation regarding primary prevention services, estimate the cost of stroke and stroke prevention, and identify deficiencies in existing guidelines and gaps in primary prevention. We also offer a set of pragmatic solutions for implementation of primary stroke prevention, with an emphasis on the role of governments and population-wide strategies, including task-shifting and sharing and health system re-engineering. Implementation of primary stroke prevention involves patients, health professionals, funders, policy makers, implementation partners, and the entire population along the life course.Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license

Published
2022

4. The state of stroke services across the globe: Report of World Stroke Organization-World Health Organization surveys.

Author

Owolabi M.O., Thrift A.G., Martins S., Johnson W., Pandian J., Abd-Allah F., Varghese C., Mahal A., Yaria J., Phan H.T., Gall S.L., Beare R., Phan T.G., Mikulik R., Feigin V.L., on behalf of the Stroke Experts Collaboration Group, Abera S.F., Addissie A., Adeleye A., Adilbekov Y., Adilbekova B., Adoukonou T.A., Aguiar D.S.D., Akhmetzhanova Z., Akinyemi R.O., Akpalu A., Ameriso S.F., Andonova S., Abanto C., Awoniyi F.E., Bakhiet M., Basri H., Bath P.M., Bereczki D., Beretta S., Berkowitz A.L., Bernhardt J., Berzina G., Bhavsar B., Bisharyan M.S., Bovet P., Brainin M., Budincevic H., Cabral N.L., Cadilhac D.A., Caso V., Chen C., Chin J.H., Christensen H., Chwojnicki K., Conforto A.B., Cruz V.T., D'Amelio M., Danielyan K.E., Davis S., Demarin V., Dempsey R.J., Dichgans M., Dokova, Donnan G., Duran J., Elizondo M.A.B., Elkind M.S., Endres M., Etedal I., Faris M.E., Fischer U., Gankpe F., Gavidia M., Gaye-Saavedra A., Giroud M., Gongora-Rivera F., Hachinski V., Hacke W., Hamadeh R.R., Hamzat T.K., Hankey G.J., Heldner M.R., Ibrahim N.M., Inoue M., Jee S., Jiann-Shing J., Johnston S., Kalkonde Y., Kamenova S., Kelly P., Khan T., Kiechl S., Kondybayeva A., Korv J., Kravchenko M., Krishnamurthi R., Langhorne P., Kang Z.L., Kruja J., Lavados P.M., Lebedynets D., Leung T.W., Liebeskind D.S., Lindsay P., Liu L., Lopez-Jaramillo P., Lotufo P.A., Machline-Carrion J.M., Markus H.S., Marquez-Romero J.M., Medina M.T., Medukhanova S., Mehndiratta M.M., Mirrakhimov E., Mohl S., Murphy S., Musa K.I., Nasreldein A., Nogueira R., Nolte C.H., Norrving B., Noubiap J.J., Novarro-Escudero N., O'Donnell M., Ogun V., Oraby M.I., Ovbiagele B., Orken D.N., Ozdemir A.O., Ozturk S., Paccot M., Peters A., Piradov M., Platz T., Potpara T., Ranta A., Rathore F.A., Roth G., Sacco R.L., Sahathevan R., Santos I.C., Saposnik G., Sarfo F.S., Sharma M., Sheth K.N., Shobhana A., Silva S.N., Suwanwela N., Sylaja P.N., Thakur K., Toni D., Topcuoglu M.A., Torales J., Towfighi A., Truelsen T., Tsiskaridze A., Tsong-Hai L., Tulloch-Reid M., Useche J.N., Vanacker P., Vassilopoulou S., Venketasubramanian N., Vukorepa G., Vuletic V., Wahab K.W., Wang W., Wijeratne T., Wolfe C., Yifru M.Y., Yock-Corrales A., Yonemoto N., Yperzeele L., Owolabi M.O., Thrift A.G., Martins S., Johnson W., Pandian J., Abd-Allah F., Varghese C., Mahal A., Yaria J., Phan H.T., Gall S.L., Beare R., Phan T.G., Mikulik R., Feigin V.L., on behalf of the Stroke Experts Collaboration Group, Abera S.F., Addissie A., Adeleye A., Adilbekov Y., Adilbekova B., Adoukonou T.A., Aguiar D.S.D., Akhmetzhanova Z., Akinyemi R.O., Akpalu A., Ameriso S.F., Andonova S., Abanto C., Awoniyi F.E., Bakhiet M., Basri H., Bath P.M., Bereczki D., Beretta S., Berkowitz A.L., Bernhardt J., Berzina G., Bhavsar B., Bisharyan M.S., Bovet P., Brainin M., Budincevic H., Cabral N.L., Cadilhac D.A., Caso V., Chen C., Chin J.H., Christensen H., Chwojnicki K., Conforto A.B., Cruz V.T., D'Amelio M., Danielyan K.E., Davis S., Demarin V., Dempsey R.J., Dichgans M., Dokova, Donnan G., Duran J., Elizondo M.A.B., Elkind M.S., Endres M., Etedal I., Faris M.E., Fischer U., Gankpe F., Gavidia M., Gaye-Saavedra A., Giroud M., Gongora-Rivera F., Hachinski V., Hacke W., Hamadeh R.R., Hamzat T.K., Hankey G.J., Heldner M.R., Ibrahim N.M., Inoue M., Jee S., Jiann-Shing J., Johnston S., Kalkonde Y., Kamenova S., Kelly P., Khan T., Kiechl S., Kondybayeva A., Korv J., Kravchenko M., Krishnamurthi R., Langhorne P., Kang Z.L., Kruja J., Lavados P.M., Lebedynets D., Leung T.W., Liebeskind D.S., Lindsay P., Liu L., Lopez-Jaramillo P., Lotufo P.A., Machline-Carrion J.M., Markus H.S., Marquez-Romero J.M., Medina M.T., Medukhanova S., Mehndiratta M.M., Mirrakhimov E., Mohl S., Murphy S., Musa K.I., Nasreldein A., Nogueira R., Nolte C.H., Norrving B., Noubiap J.J., Novarro-Escudero N., O'Donnell M., Ogun V., Oraby M.I., Ovbiagele B., Orken D.N., Ozdemir A.O., Ozturk S., Paccot M., Peters A., Piradov M., Platz T., Potpara T., Ranta A., Rathore F.A., Roth G., Sacco R.L., Sahathevan R., Santos I.C., Saposnik G., Sarfo F.S., Sharma M., Sheth K.N., Shobhana A., Silva S.N., Suwanwela N., Sylaja P.N., Thakur K., Toni D., Topcuoglu M.A., Torales J., Towfighi A., Truelsen T., Tsiskaridze A., Tsong-Hai L., Tulloch-Reid M., Useche J.N., Vanacker P., Vassilopoulou S., Venketasubramanian N., Vukorepa G., Vuletic V., Wahab K.W., Wang W., Wijeratne T., Wolfe C., Yifru M.Y., Yock-Corrales A., Yonemoto N., and Yperzeele L.

Abstract

Background: Improving stroke services is critical for reducing the global stroke burden. The World Stroke Organization-World Health Organization-Lancet Neurology Commission on Stroke conducted a survey of the status of stroke services in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared to high-income countries. Method(s): Using a validated World Stroke Organization comprehensive questionnaire, we collected and compared data on stroke services along four pillars of the stroke quadrangle (surveillance, prevention, acute stroke, and rehabilitation) in 84 countries across World Health Organization regions and economic strata. The World Health Organization also conducted a survey of non-communicable diseases in 194 countries in 2019. Result(s): Fewer surveillance activities (including presence of registries, presence of recent risk factors surveys, and participation in research) were reported in low-income countries than high-income countries. The overall global score for prevention was 40.2%. Stroke units were present in 91% of high-income countries in contrast to 18% of low-income countries (p < 0.001). Acute stroke treatments were offered in ~ 60% of high-income countries compared to 26% of low-income countries (p = 0.009). Compared to high-income countries, LMICs provided less rehabilitation services including in-patient rehabilitation, home assessment, community rehabilitation, education, early hospital discharge program, and presence of rehabilitation protocol. Conclusion(s): There is an urgent need to improve access to stroke units and services globally especially in LMICs. Countries with less stroke services can adapt strategies from those with better services. This could include establishment of a framework for regular monitoring of stroke burden and services, implementation of integrated prevention activities and essential acute stroke care services, and provision of interdisciplinary care for stroke rehabilitation.Copyright © 2021 World Stroke Organization.

Published
2021

5. The state of stroke services across the globe: Report of World Stroke Organization-World Health Organization surveys.

Author

Owolabi M.O., Thrift A.G., Martins S., Johnson W., Pandian J., Abd-Allah F., Varghese C., Mahal A., Yaria J., Phan H.T., Gall S.L., Beare R., Phan T.G., Mikulik R., Feigin V.L., on behalf of the Stroke Experts Collaboration Group, Abera S.F., Addissie A., Adeleye A., Adilbekov Y., Adilbekova B., Adoukonou T.A., Aguiar D.S.D., Akhmetzhanova Z., Akinyemi R.O., Akpalu A., Ameriso S.F., Andonova S., Abanto C., Awoniyi F.E., Bakhiet M., Basri H., Bath P.M., Bereczki D., Beretta S., Berkowitz A.L., Bernhardt J., Berzina G., Bhavsar B., Bisharyan M.S., Bovet P., Brainin M., Budincevic H., Cabral N.L., Cadilhac D.A., Caso V., Chen C., Chin J.H., Christensen H., Chwojnicki K., Conforto A.B., Cruz V.T., D'Amelio M., Danielyan K.E., Davis S., Demarin V., Dempsey R.J., Dichgans M., Dokova, Donnan G., Duran J., Elizondo M.A.B., Elkind M.S., Endres M., Etedal I., Faris M.E., Fischer U., Gankpe F., Gavidia M., Gaye-Saavedra A., Giroud M., Gongora-Rivera F., Hachinski V., Hacke W., Hamadeh R.R., Hamzat T.K., Hankey G.J., Heldner M.R., Ibrahim N.M., Inoue M., Jee S., Jiann-Shing J., Johnston S., Kalkonde Y., Kamenova S., Kelly P., Khan T., Kiechl S., Kondybayeva A., Korv J., Kravchenko M., Krishnamurthi R., Langhorne P., Kang Z.L., Kruja J., Lavados P.M., Lebedynets D., Leung T.W., Liebeskind D.S., Lindsay P., Liu L., Lopez-Jaramillo P., Lotufo P.A., Machline-Carrion J.M., Markus H.S., Marquez-Romero J.M., Medina M.T., Medukhanova S., Mehndiratta M.M., Mirrakhimov E., Mohl S., Murphy S., Musa K.I., Nasreldein A., Nogueira R., Nolte C.H., Norrving B., Noubiap J.J., Novarro-Escudero N., O'Donnell M., Ogun V., Oraby M.I., Ovbiagele B., Orken D.N., Ozdemir A.O., Ozturk S., Paccot M., Peters A., Piradov M., Platz T., Potpara T., Ranta A., Rathore F.A., Roth G., Sacco R.L., Sahathevan R., Santos I.C., Saposnik G., Sarfo F.S., Sharma M., Sheth K.N., Shobhana A., Silva S.N., Suwanwela N., Sylaja P.N., Thakur K., Toni D., Topcuoglu M.A., Torales J., Towfighi A., Truelsen T., Tsiskaridze A., Tsong-Hai L., Tulloch-Reid M., Useche J.N., Vanacker P., Vassilopoulou S., Venketasubramanian N., Vukorepa G., Vuletic V., Wahab K.W., Wang W., Wijeratne T., Wolfe C., Yifru M.Y., Yock-Corrales A., Yonemoto N., Yperzeele L., Owolabi M.O., Thrift A.G., Martins S., Johnson W., Pandian J., Abd-Allah F., Varghese C., Mahal A., Yaria J., Phan H.T., Gall S.L., Beare R., Phan T.G., Mikulik R., Feigin V.L., on behalf of the Stroke Experts Collaboration Group, Abera S.F., Addissie A., Adeleye A., Adilbekov Y., Adilbekova B., Adoukonou T.A., Aguiar D.S.D., Akhmetzhanova Z., Akinyemi R.O., Akpalu A., Ameriso S.F., Andonova S., Abanto C., Awoniyi F.E., Bakhiet M., Basri H., Bath P.M., Bereczki D., Beretta S., Berkowitz A.L., Bernhardt J., Berzina G., Bhavsar B., Bisharyan M.S., Bovet P., Brainin M., Budincevic H., Cabral N.L., Cadilhac D.A., Caso V., Chen C., Chin J.H., Christensen H., Chwojnicki K., Conforto A.B., Cruz V.T., D'Amelio M., Danielyan K.E., Davis S., Demarin V., Dempsey R.J., Dichgans M., Dokova, Donnan G., Duran J., Elizondo M.A.B., Elkind M.S., Endres M., Etedal I., Faris M.E., Fischer U., Gankpe F., Gavidia M., Gaye-Saavedra A., Giroud M., Gongora-Rivera F., Hachinski V., Hacke W., Hamadeh R.R., Hamzat T.K., Hankey G.J., Heldner M.R., Ibrahim N.M., Inoue M., Jee S., Jiann-Shing J., Johnston S., Kalkonde Y., Kamenova S., Kelly P., Khan T., Kiechl S., Kondybayeva A., Korv J., Kravchenko M., Krishnamurthi R., Langhorne P., Kang Z.L., Kruja J., Lavados P.M., Lebedynets D., Leung T.W., Liebeskind D.S., Lindsay P., Liu L., Lopez-Jaramillo P., Lotufo P.A., Machline-Carrion J.M., Markus H.S., Marquez-Romero J.M., Medina M.T., Medukhanova S., Mehndiratta M.M., Mirrakhimov E., Mohl S., Murphy S., Musa K.I., Nasreldein A., Nogueira R., Nolte C.H., Norrving B., Noubiap J.J., Novarro-Escudero N., O'Donnell M., Ogun V., Oraby M.I., Ovbiagele B., Orken D.N., Ozdemir A.O., Ozturk S., Paccot M., Peters A., Piradov M., Platz T., Potpara T., Ranta A., Rathore F.A., Roth G., Sacco R.L., Sahathevan R., Santos I.C., Saposnik G., Sarfo F.S., Sharma M., Sheth K.N., Shobhana A., Silva S.N., Suwanwela N., Sylaja P.N., Thakur K., Toni D., Topcuoglu M.A., Torales J., Towfighi A., Truelsen T., Tsiskaridze A., Tsong-Hai L., Tulloch-Reid M., Useche J.N., Vanacker P., Vassilopoulou S., Venketasubramanian N., Vukorepa G., Vuletic V., Wahab K.W., Wang W., Wijeratne T., Wolfe C., Yifru M.Y., Yock-Corrales A., Yonemoto N., and Yperzeele L.

Abstract

Background: Improving stroke services is critical for reducing the global stroke burden. The World Stroke Organization-World Health Organization-Lancet Neurology Commission on Stroke conducted a survey of the status of stroke services in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared to high-income countries. Method(s): Using a validated World Stroke Organization comprehensive questionnaire, we collected and compared data on stroke services along four pillars of the stroke quadrangle (surveillance, prevention, acute stroke, and rehabilitation) in 84 countries across World Health Organization regions and economic strata. The World Health Organization also conducted a survey of non-communicable diseases in 194 countries in 2019. Result(s): Fewer surveillance activities (including presence of registries, presence of recent risk factors surveys, and participation in research) were reported in low-income countries than high-income countries. The overall global score for prevention was 40.2%. Stroke units were present in 91% of high-income countries in contrast to 18% of low-income countries (p < 0.001). Acute stroke treatments were offered in ~ 60% of high-income countries compared to 26% of low-income countries (p = 0.009). Compared to high-income countries, LMICs provided less rehabilitation services including in-patient rehabilitation, home assessment, community rehabilitation, education, early hospital discharge program, and presence of rehabilitation protocol. Conclusion(s): There is an urgent need to improve access to stroke units and services globally especially in LMICs. Countries with less stroke services can adapt strategies from those with better services. This could include establishment of a framework for regular monitoring of stroke burden and services, implementation of integrated prevention activities and essential acute stroke care services, and provision of interdisciplinary care for stroke rehabilitation.Copyright © 2021 World Stroke Organization.

Published
2021

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