9 results
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2. An Active Externalism about Personality.
- Author
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Gabriel Burdman, Federico
- Subjects
- *
EXTERNALISM (Philosophy of mind) , *PERSONALITY , *CONSCIOUSNESS , *HUMANISTIC trait model , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
People display recognizably characteristic behavioral patterns across time and situations, with a given degree of regularity. These patterns may justify the attribution of personality traits. It is arguably the commonsense view that the proper explanation of these behavioral regularities is given by intrinsic properties of the agent's psychology. In this paper, I argue for an externalistic view of the causal basis of personality-characteristic behaviors. According to the externalistic view, the relevant behavioral regularities are better understood as the result of a systematic interaction between features internal to the agent and environmental-situational factors. Moreover, if the premise is granted that people are typically able to exercise a certain degree of control over the environmental-situational conditions they find themselves in, the resulting picture is of active sort of externalism, as people may at times engage in selection and manipulation of environmental-situational conditions as a way of managing their own behavioral tendencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Natural kinds, normative kinds and human behavior.
- Author
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Ines Pérez, Diana and Gabriela Ciccia, Lucia
- Subjects
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HUMAN behavior , *NORMATIVITY (Ethics) , *PATHOLOGICAL psychology , *ETIOLOGY of mental illnesses , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The main thesis of this paper is that a large part of human behavior cannot be understood in terms of natural kinds but by appealing to normative kinds. In the first section we explain the distinction between natural kinds and normative kinds. In the second section we focus on the notion of "human behavior", proposing a distinction between type A and type B behaviors and pointing out that psychology deals with type B behaviors, which are also included as diagnostic criteria for mental disorders. In the third section we analyze the strategies used in biomedical research to find specific etiologies ("essences") in order to explain such disorders. We argue that their results are inconsistent and that the lack of biomarkers that are clinically useful to refine the diagnoses is due to the fact that, unlike certain neuropathologies, there are no physiological essences behind such disorders. On the other hand, we argue that, as we are dealing with type B behaviors, we must interpret mental disorders as normative kinds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. A perspectiva cognitiva no design para emoção: análise de concerns em projetos para a experiência.
- Author
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Tonetto, Leandro Miletto
- Subjects
- *
EMOTIONS , *COGNITION , *PSYCHOLOGY , *GUIDELINES , *DESIGN - Abstract
Design for emotions can be based on user research. These researches have the role of feeding the design process with information that allows designers to establish design guidelines that have the potential to increase the probability of achieving the intended emotional impact over users. This paper explores the basis of Appraisal Theory, a cognitive theory of emotions from Psychology, which off ers, since its adaptation to the Design field (Desmet, 2002), a way to understand the triggers (probable causes) of certain emotions associated to design elements. In this paper, the author also suggests research methods to develop these studies, including example and a critical evaluation of its applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Realism, irrealism and truth.
- Author
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Gentile, Nélida
- Subjects
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REALISM , *CORRESPONDENCE theory of truth , *PLURALISM , *REJECTION (Psychology) , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to analize whether Goodman;s pluralism leaves room for a correspondentist version of truth, in spite of his explicit rejection of this. I will argue that Goodman associates the notion of correspondence exclusively with the perspective of traditional metaphysical realism that he refuses; but pace Goodman, it is perfectly possible to reconcile his pluralism with a correspondence theory of truth. I think that unless pluralism and the correspondence theory of truth can be combined, Goodman's position is unsustainable due to restrictions he imposes to pluralism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Consumismo na pós-modernidade: uma questão de gênero?
- Author
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Romani, Patrícia Fasolo, Winck, Gustavo Espíndola, and Strey, Marlene Neves
- Subjects
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CONSUMER culture , *FEMININE identity , *CONSUMER behavior , *WOMEN consumers , *SOCIOCULTURAL factors , *GENDER studies , *SOCIAL science research , *PSYCHOLOGY , *SOCIAL conditions of women ,SOCIAL aspects - Abstract
This paper addresses a discussion on excessive consumption in postmodernity and its effects on female subjectivity. From a theoretical perspective guided by the social sciences and gender studies, consumerist behavior and its pathological bias are seen primarily as symptomatic products of sociocultural transformations, which impact the emotional lives of women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. A música para indução de relaxamento na Terapia de Integração Pessoal pela Abordagem Direta do Inconsciente – ADI/TIP.
- Author
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Nunes-Silva, Marília, Moreira, Liliane Cristina, Jost de Moraes, Gisela Renate, Teixeira Rosa, Gerlaine, and dos Santos Marra, Célia Auxiliadora
- Subjects
- *
MUSIC for relaxation , *MUSIC therapy , *MENTAL health , *PHYSIOLOGICAL stress , *FATIGUE prevention , *SUBCONSCIOUSNESS , *TEMPO (Music theory) , *SOCIAL integration , *PSYCHOLOGY , *PREVENTION - Abstract
Studies show that certain types of music can promote the maintenance of mental health, reduce or prevent stress, alleviate physical fatigue and induce emotions, which leads us to reflect on its use as a therapy resource. This paper aims at discussing about the use of music to induce relaxation, the benefits of this resource in the therapeutic process and its application in the Personal Integration Therapy by Unconscious Direct Approach method (ADI/TIP). For this, we performed a literature review explaining the history of the use of music for therapeutic purposes, its effects on the physiological and emotional states and consequent benefits to its use from the induction of relaxation. It was observed that considered sedative music, with slow tempo and few rhythmic variations can reduce stress and promote relaxation, which points to the benefits of its use as a facilitator of the therapeutic process of (ADI/TIP). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. We can't have no satisfaction
- Author
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Teresa Marques and Universitat de Barcelona
- Subjects
Nihilism ,Value (ethics) ,Conflicte (Psicologia) ,Discussion ,05 social sciences ,Philosophy of language ,Rationality ,06 humanities and the arts ,Anàlisi del discurs ,0603 philosophy, ethics and religion ,Object (philosophy) ,050105 experimental psychology ,Epistemology ,Constraint (information theory) ,Philosophy ,060302 philosophy ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Conflict (Psychology) ,Impossibility ,Dimension (data warehouse) ,Psychology ,Discussió ,Counterexample ,Filosofia del llenguatge ,Discourse analysis - Abstract
Many authors agree that there is a dimension of conflict expressed through discourse that eludes purely semantic approaches. How and why do conative attitudes conflict? The latter question is the object of this paper. Conflicts of attitudes are typically modelled on one of two models. The first imposes a Subjective Rationality constraint on conflicting attitudes, and the second depends on the impossibility of Joint Satisfaction . This paper assesses whether either of the two conditions can account for conflicting attitudes. First, it argues that Subjective Rationality cannot account for intersubjective conflicts. Second, it presents putative counterexamples to Joint Satisfaction. The counterexamples arise on the assumption that the attitudes are first personal . The paper then explores two alternatives: nihilism about attitudinal conflicts, and dropping the assumption that the relevant attitudes are first-personal states. Embracing nihilism would be devastating for expressivists and other non-cognitivists. But dropping the assumption on which the counterexamples to Satisfaction depend requires a new account of the conative attitudes expressed in value discourse. The paper concludes by pointing to an alternative. Keywords: value discourse, conflicting attitudes, disagreement.
- Published
- 2016
9. On the meaning of 'the meaning of life'
- Author
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Tufan Kıymaz and Kıymaz, Tufan
- Subjects
050101 languages & linguistics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Interpretation (philosophy) ,05 social sciences ,Meaning in life ,050105 experimental psychology ,Epistemology ,Focus (linguistics) ,Task (project management) ,Function analysis ,Philosophy ,Meaningfulness ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Meaning (existential) ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Meaning of life ,media_common ,Confusion ,The meaning of life - Abstract
When it comes to a question as notoriously unclear as “What is the meaning of life?”, clarifying the question and its conceptual setting is a necessary step before attempting to answer the question. The analysis of the concept of “the meaning of life” is a twofold task; “the meaning” and “life” both need to be examined. In this paper, I primarily focus on “the meaning.” I argue that, although there is much disagreement and confusion in the literature about the meaning of “the meaning” as it is applied to life, there is one most plausible interpretation of this notion. In the end, even though I do not answer the question of the meaning of life, I propose an account of what a correct answer to the question is supposed to look like, based on my original function analysis of “the meaning.”Keywords: the meaning of life, meaningfulness, meaning in life.
- Published
- 2019
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