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One of the obstacles faced by children with learning difficulties is the low level of reading comprehension. This problem was found in elementary school, Indonesia, children who have learning difficulties have a low level of understanding. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the school literacy movement in improving the reading comprehension skills of children with learning difficulties. The method in this study using quantitative research. From the results, there are still some students who do not know the school literacy movement. Students' understanding of the literacy movement towards reading texts can be improved by providing interesting and illustrated reading texts online using the Zoom Meeting application with educators. The results of the research showed that the post-test value was 61.9% greater than the pre-test value of 47.6%, so the difference was 14.3%. Therefore, we can improve students' reading comprehension skills in school literacy activities.

Rhythm patterns are a regular flow of basic beats following several variations of melodic motion relating to the length of the short note and the lightweight of the accent (pressure) of the note. The study aimed to increase the knowledge of junior high school students in reading, writing, counting, and feeling the rhythm of a song using the Eurythmics Dalcroze learning method. The method used in this study is quantitative methods with data collection techniques. The result of this study is the Eurythmics Dalcroze method can increase students’ knowledge of rhythm patterns. The results showed an increase after students were given PowerPoint speakers and YouTube videos about rhythm patterns using the eurythmics Dalcroze method online through zoom with educators. Using the Dalcroze method, distance learning of rhythm patterns becomes easier to understand and becomes more enjoyable.

Financial literacy includes the human understanding of personal financial management. Financial literacy needs to be done from an early age. The purpose of this study was to determine how big the level of understanding of elementary school students towards financial literacy and how much motivation to save elementary school students. This research was conducted by a quantitative method by producing primary data. Primary data was obtained from the activities of filling out pre-test and post-test questions to elementary school students. The results of this study indicate that many students have made a habit of saving but their level of understanding of financial literacy is still low. The results of the research show that the average post-test score of students is 88.7%, which is greater than the average pre-test score of 81.3%, so there is an increase of 7.4%. Students' understanding of financial literacy increased by 7.4% after being given a learning video. Elementary school students should build the habit of saving from now on. Saving habits make elementary school students trained in managing their finances.

Unforeseen circumstances in the form of the COVID- 19 disease outbreak have brought urgent changes to various sectors. The government's recommendation to stay at home and physical and social distancing must be followed by a change in the face-to-face learning mode to online so that a lot of free time is left at home. The purpose of this study was to analyse the planning of activities carried out in free time for elementary school students’ during the covid-19 pandemic. The study used a quantitative approach using a pre-experimental method in the form of a one-group pre-test - post-test design. The results of the research show that the average post-test score of students’ is 84.7%, greater than the average pre-test score of 69.3% which has a difference of 15.4%. Therefore, it is hoped that students’ can plan positive activities to fill their spare time during the COVID-19 pandemic.

At this time, many types of music emerged and exposure to them was helped by the rapid information received from social media. This research aims to determine whether different musical preferences affect the learning of basic music theory in junior high school students. This research method uses quantitative research. The result of this study is that there are differences in results between students with different musical preferences. Students with rock music preferences experienced a change in knowledge of musical elements from 10 to 70% and students with pop music preferences from 44 to 67%. Students with rock music preferences experienced bigger and more drastic changes, it was because the population with rock music preferences was less than pop music preferences.

We created a program to develop students’ reading literacy by analyzing the intrinsic elements of short stories. The method used is giving a pre-test, then giving material in the form of videos and power points, and post-test using 10 questions to 10 students’ of Islamic junior high school. The results of the pre-test showed that most of the students’ had answered correctly, with a score of 60%. The results of the post-test of students’ experiencing development are indicated by the achievement of a score of 90%. Students’ experienced an increasing scores because they had received the intrinsic elements of the short story before doing the post-test. The age of students’ does not affect the level of development of students’ in understanding the intrinsic elements of short stories. It is concluded that students’ can improve reading literacy by knowing how to analyze the intrinsic elements of short stories. Students’ can enjoy literacy activities by reading short stories by looking for intrinsic elements in the short stories they read. This program helps students’ in providing information about how to analyze the intrinsic elements of short stories so that they can help students’ develop in reading literacy activities.

The Covid-19 Pandemic period brought many behavioral changes in humans, one of which was in maintaining physical fitness because of the many limitations and government regulations that required staying at home. Physical fitness is one of the things that must be considered because physical fitness can increase body immunity and reduce the risk of being exposed to COVID-19. This study aims to determine the level of physical fitness in elementary school students. This research is a descriptive research and the method used is using test and measurement techniques. The instrument used to measure physical fitness is the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test (TKJI) for children aged 10-12 years. The population of this research is the sixth grade elementary school students, and the samples taken are 15 male students. The results obtained in this study are very good classification 0.0% (0 students), good 6.7% (1 student), moderate 53.3% (8 students), less 40.0% (6 students) and very less 0.0% (0 students). It can be concluded that the average level of physical fitness of students at Elementary Schools during the covid-19 pandemic can be categorized as moderate.

Principles of Chemical Engineering (PCE) course is a core and highly important subject to study Chemical Engineering program that caters most fundamental concepts that bridge science to engineering. This study assess the effectiveness of portfolio workbook as a strategy to enhance student active learning in PCE. It was implemented for a full-semester and the student feedbacks on perceptions and implementation of the method was obtained after the course was completed. Results show that most participant agreed on the imposing mark on the workbook to enhance their study motivation. Vast majority of the students (82%) admit that the workbook significantly helped them in mastering the subject, thus recommended the method for other subjects (85%). The workbook as well as the method implementation can further be improved by providing short-answer as well as more intense scaffolding.

The rapid growth of the human population, industrialization, and urbanization has threatened the global demand for safe drinking water. Water treatment plant plays a vital role in purifying the raw water for consumer use. The typical water treatment process are coagulation-flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration. Among them, the coagulation-flocculation process is the primary stage in the treatment process. This paper reviews and discusses the optimization strategies of a coagulation-flocculation process to enhance overall treatment efficiency. The working principle of the coagulation-flocculation process is first discussed to understand the treatment process better. Next, the importance of aluminum-based coagulants is addressed as chemical coagulants are one of the key factors that can improve the process. The removals of natural organic matter (NOM) by the coagulation-flocculation process were reviewed as NOM normally contributes to the discoloration of water. The optimization of coagulant dosage was also discussed to depict the consequence of uncontrolled dosage. Finally, dosing control strategies in real-time were discussed, namely direct and indirect dosing control.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of the use of a virtual laboratory on the measurement material of junior high school in physical sciences distance learning. The method used is quantitative. The results showed that the use of a virtual laboratory for distance learning on the measurement material for Natural Science Education in Physics for Junior High School was effective, as evidenced by the increase in the percentage to 54%. It was found that through virtual laboratory media students saw and took direct measurements so that the material presented could be easily understood by students. From the results, distance learning using virtual laboratory media can be one solution in the implementation of learning so that the essence of learning can still be achieved even though learning is carried out remotely.