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BACKGROUND AND AIMS: THERE HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED INCREASED MUCOSAL DENSITIES OF SEROTONIN POSITIVE NEUROENDOCRINE CELLS IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD). THE AIM OF OUR STUDY IS TO DETERMINE THE SEROTONIN POSITIVE NEUROENDOCRINE CELLS DENSITIES IN COLONIC MUCOSA OF PATIENTS WITH IBD. METHODS: COLONIC BIOPSIES FROM 18 PATIENTS WITH IBD (8 ULCERATIVE COLITIS, 10 CHRON'S DISEASE) AND 16 HEALTHY CONTROLS WERE EVALUATED HISTOPATOLOGIC WITH HEMATOXYLINEOSIN AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL WITH SEROTONIN ANTIBODIES. RESULTS: NE CELLS POSITIVE FOR 5-HT WERE COUNTED ON A TOTAL MEDIAN NUMBER OF 20.7 (1,80) CRYPTS IN IBD GROUP AND 25.65(2,64) CRYPTS IN CONTROLS. THE TOTAL DENSITIES/SUBJECT OF 5-HT POSITIVE CELLS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER IN IBD GROUP COMPARED TO CONTROLS: 0.56(0.11,1.87) FOR IBD GROUP AND 0.28(0.14,0.71) FOR CONTROLS, P=0.004. CONCLUSION: OUR STUDY SHOWED AN INCREASED DENSITY OF SEROTONIN POSITIVE NEUROENDOCRINE CELLS IN IBD COLITIS WHEN COMPARED TO HEALTHY CONTROLS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: SEVERAL PUBLISHED STUDIES ON HUMAN AND ANIMAL MODELS SHOWED INCREASED DENSITIES OF NEUROENDOCRINE CELLS (NE)CELLS IN COLONIC MUCOSA OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD) COLITIS. THE AIM OF OUR STUDY IS TO DETERMINE THE (NE) CELLS DENSITIES IN COLONIC MUCOSA OF PATIENTS WITH (IBD). METHODS: COLONIC BIOPSIES FROM 18 PATIENTS WITH IBD (8 ULCERATIVE COLITIS, 10 CHRON'S DISEASE) AND 16 HEALTHY CONTROLS WERE EVALUATED HISTOPATOLOGIC WITH HEMATOXYLINEOSIN AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL WITH CHROMOGRANIN A (CGA) AND SYNAPTOHYSIN(SYN) ANTIBODIES. RESULTS: NE CELLS WERE COUNTED ON A TOTAL MEDIAN NUMBER OF 24.1(7,56) CRYPTS FOR CGA, 24(5,57) FOR SYN IN IBD GROUP AND 29 (11,64) CRYPTS FOR CGA AND 29,2(11.52) CRYPTS FOR SYN IN CONTROLS. THE TOTAL DENSITIES/SUBJECT OF NE CELLS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER IN IBD GROUP COMPARED TO CONTROLS FOR BOTH CGA AND SYN: 1.45(0.72,2.78) AND 0.86(0.43,1.73) FOR CGA (P= 0,006), 0.89(0.22,1.63) AND 0.63(0.28,1.28) FOR SYN (P=0,025). CONCLUSIONS: OUR STUDY SHOWED AN INCREASED DENSITY OF CGA AND SYN POSITIVE NEC IN PATIENTS WITH IBD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (IBD) CROHN'S DISEASE (CD) AND ULCERATIVE COLITIS (UC), ARE CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS OF UNKNOWN ETIOLOGY THAT APPEAR IN GENETICALLY PREDISPOSED SUBJECTS, IN RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS, MICROBIAL AGENTS, INTESTINAL IMMUNE SYSTEM. ULCERATIVE COLITIS AND CROHN'S DISEASE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH A VARIETY OF EXTRAINTESTINAL MANIFESTATIONS, THEREBY THEY CAN BE CONSIDERED SYSTEMIC DISEASES. THE MOST COMMON MANIFESTATIONS AFFECT THE MUSCULOSKELETAL AND DERMATOLOGIC SYSTEM. OTHER SITES ARE EYES, HEPATOPANCREATOBILIARY TRACT, KIDNEYS. ANEMIA IN IBD IS MULTIFACTORIAL IN ORIGIN, CHRONIC AND RECURRENT MANIFESTATION, THAT AFFECT PATIENT'S QUALITY OF LIFE. PATIENTS HAVE AN INCREASED RISK OF THROMBOEMBOLISM, REQUIRING THROMBOPROPHYLAXIS. WE PRESENT IN THIS LITERATURE REVIEW THE EXTRAINTESTINAL MANIFESTATIONS THAT ASSOCIATE WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (IBD) CROHN'S DISEASE (CD) AND ULCERATIVE COLITIS (UC), ARE CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS OF UNKNOWN ETIOLOGY THAT APPEAR IN GENETICALLY PREDISPOSED SUBJECTS, IN RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS, MICROBIAL AGENTS, INTESTINAL IMMUNE SYSTEM. ULCERATIVE COLITIS AND CROHN'S DISEASE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH A VARIETY OF EXTRAINTESTINAL MANIFESTATIONS, THEREBY THEY CAN BE CONSIDERED SYSTEMIC DISEASES. THE MOST COMMON MANIFESTATIONS AFFECT THE MUSCULOSKELETAL AND DERMATOLOGIC SYSTEM. OTHER SITES ARE EYES, HEPATOPANCREATOBILIARY TRACT, KIDNEYS. ANEMIA IN IBD IS MULTIFACTORIAL IN ORIGIN, CHRONIC AND RECURRENT MANIFESTATION, THAT AFFECT PATIENT'S QUALITY OF LIFE. PATIENTS HAVE AN INCREASED RISK OF THROMBOEMBOLISM, REQUIRING THROMBOPROPHYLAXIS. WE PRESENT IN THIS LITERATURE REVIEW THE EXTRAINTESTINAL MANIFESTATIONS THAT ASSOCIATE WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY IS TO EVALUATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN COELIAC DISEASE AND MENSTRUAL CYCLE ABNORMALITIES , FERTILITY DISORDERS OR PREGNANCY ASSOCIATED COMPLICATIONS. METHOD: THIS WAS A CASE CONTROL STUDY IN WHICH 32 FEMALE PATIENTS WITH COELIAC DISEASE AND 44 HEALTHY CONTROLS WERE COMPARED, THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS EVALUATED IN BOTH GROUPS BEING: THE PRESENCE OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE ABNORMALITIES, FERTILITY DISORDERS OR COMPLICATIONS DURING PREGNANCY. RESULTS: THE ANALYSED GROUP WAS COMPOSED OF 32 WOMEN WITH COELIAC DISEASE AND 44 HEALTHY WOMEN. THE MEAN AGE WAS 31.78 YEARS VS 32.29 YEARS IN CONTROLS. THE FREQUENCY OF AMENORRHEA WAS HIGHER IN THE COELIAC DISEASE GROUP VS CONTROLS ( P=0.01). THE STRONGEST ASSOCIATIONS WERE OBTAINED BETWEEN COELIAC DISEASE AND COMPLICATIONS DURING PREGNANCY (P=0.00), MEAN AGE OF MENARCHE (13.65 YEARS VS 12,63 YEARS IN CONTROLS (P=0.00)), MEAN NUMBER OF PREGNANCIES (1.84 VS 2.39 ( P=0.005)) . CONCLUSIONS: THE OCCURRENCE OF A SIGNIFICANT CORRELATION BETWEEN CELIAC DISEASE AND REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS (MEAN AGE OF MENARCHE, AMENORRHEA, NUMBER OF PREGNANCIES OR COMPLICATIONS DURING PREGNANCY) COULD SUGGEST TO CONSIDER CELIAC DISEASE DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES (SEROLOGICAL SCREENING) IN WOMEN AFFECTED BY THESE DISORDERS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

THE INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (IBD) CROHN'S DISEASE (CD) AND ULCERATIVE COLITIS (UC) ARE CHRONIC IMMUNOLOGIC DISEASES THAT CAN LEAD TO DECREASED QUALITY OF LIFE AND INVALIDITY; IBD ARE CHARACTERIZED BY ABERRANT IMMUNE RESPONSES TO INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA IN GENETICALLY SUSCEPTIBLE HOSTS THAT LEAD TO CHRONIC EXCESSIVE INFLAMMATION AND IN TIME TO PROGRESSIVE GUT WALL DESTRUCTION. IBD HAVE AN EUROPEAN INCIDENCE OF 12 TO 25 PER 100,000 PERSON-YEARS, HIGHER FOR UC THAN CD, WITH A PREVALENCE OF 0.5-1%. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS LIKE CIGARETTE SMOKING, POLLUTION, CHANGES IN DIET AND EXCESSIVE USE OF ANTIBIOTICS ARE INCRIMINATED IN IBD PATOGENESIS. THERE IS THOUGHT TO EXIST AN IMBALANCE IN THE INNATE AND ACQUIRED IMMUNE RESPONSES TO NORMAL INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA THAT ACTIVATES PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES AND LEADS TO A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY PROCESS AROUND THE GUT BARRIER. THIS IN TIME LEADS TO INTESTINAL BARRIER DESTRUCTION AND EXPOSURE TO EVEN MORE BACTERIAL PARTICLES THAT FURTHER AGGRAVATE THE INFLAMMATORY PROCESS. GENETIC STUDIES HAVE PROVIDED MANY SUSCEPTIBLE LOCI FOR IBD. IT IS KNOWN FROM THE LITERATURE THAT GENETIC FACTORS ACCOUNT FOR 13.6% OF CD AND 7.5% FOR UC VARIANCE. IN THIS LITERATURE REVIEW WE HIGHLIGHT SOME ETHIOPATHOGENIC LEADS THAT ARE RECENT TARGETS OF CLINICAL AND FUNDAMENTAL IBD RESEARCH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BECAUSE SUBCLINICAL CELIAC DISEASE MAY DECREASE FERTILITY OR COMPLICATE PREGNANCY, WE SCREENED WOMEN WITH FERTILITY DISORDERS AND WOMEN WITH FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA, FOR ANTI-TISSUE TRANSGLUTAMINASE ANTIBODIES IN SERUM TO FIND UNDIAGNOSED CELIAC DISEASE METHOD: WE SCREENED WOMEN WITH RECURRENT MISCARRIAGE OF UNKNOWN AETIOLOGY (N = 36), UNEXPLAINED INFERTILITY (N = 46) AND WOMEN WITH FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA (N = 112), FOR ANTI-TISSUE TRANSGLUTAMINASE ANTIBODIES IN SERUM TO FIND UNDIAGNOSED CELIAC DISEASE. ONE WOMAN (2.7%) WITH RECURRENT MISCARRIAGE, TWO WOMEN (4.35%) WITH UNEXPLAINED INFERTILITY AND ONE WOMAN IN THE CONTROL GROUP (0.9%), WERE CONSIDERED TO HAVE CELIAC DISEASE. ALL WOMEN WITH POSITIVE SEROLOGIC FINDINGS (4 CASES) UNDERWENT JEJUNAL BIOPSY AND OF THEM HAD HISTOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF CELIAC DISEASE. RESULTS: THE PREVALENCE OF CELIAC DISEASE IN INFERTILE WOMEN SEEMS HIGHER (3 OUT OF 82, 3.65%) IN THE STUDY GROUP THAN IN THE GENERAL POPULATION (1 OUT OF 112, 0.9%), AND PARTICULARLY IN THE SUBGROUP WITH UNEXPLAINED INFERTILITY (2 OUT OF 46, 4.35%) CONCLUSIONS: UNDIAGNOSED CELIAC DISEASE IS A RISK FACTOR FOR INFERTILITY AND RECURRENT MISCARRIAGE OF UNKNOWN AETIOLOGY. WOMEN SEEKING MEDICAL ADVICE FOR THIS PARTICULAR CONDITION SHOULD BE SCREENED FOR CELIAC DISEASE. ADOPTION OF A GLUTEN-FREE DIET COULD HAVE A POSITIVE IMPACT ON FERTILITY IN THIS GROUP OF PATIENTS. IT SEEMS RATIONAL THAT SEROLOGICAL TESTS SHOULD BE PERFORMED AS ROUTINE INVESTIGATION IN THESE CASES. THE RECOMMENDED STRATEGY IS INDIVIDUALLY CASE-ORIENTED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]