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The need to address the complex exchanges between natural resource efficiency and economic growth has become increasingly discussed in worldwide strategies and position papers. Resource depletion, environmental challenges and climate change are just a few topics related to fast industrialization and economic expansion. The question is how information regarding crops, climatic factors, or solutions used in plant treatment are managed. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the scientific environment regarding quantitative indicators and models for the assessment of sustainable agriculture practices. The study is based on a bibliometric analysis made using Web of science database and processing using biblioshiny environment from R package. The most relevant works and influential authors in the field of quantitative modelling for sustainable agriculture were identified and a set of indicators and metrics for evaluating efforts in transitioning towards sustainability were synthetised. Integrating practical data into quantitative models can provide insights into trends, correlations, or even predictions, and the results obtained serve as inputs for decision-makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing awareness of the importance of food security and human concerns about the changes that have occurred in ecosystems has led to an increase in research on the impacts of climate change on agriculture. Climate change, a topic addressed worldwide, generates imbalances in the agricultural sector on multiple levels, such as: productivity, profitability and labour requirements. The aim of the present paper is to highlight the importance of approaching the subject related to the impact of climate change on the agricultural sector, at the same time emphasizing the existing connections on different fields of study: strategic management, agronomy, ecology, agricultural practices, agricultural policies. The method used in the research used is bibliographic analysis, with the help of which the process of evaluating the relevant sources of information on the subject of "adaptation of agriculture to climate change" is carried out. The results demonstrate the fact that this theme is increasingly addressed by researchers since 1986, the key words being represented on the one hand by the elements of ecosystems, natural phenomena, but also by the effects felt both at the level of producers and at the level of the whole populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study addresses a very topical issue, climate changes, increasingly present recently, with negative effects on our entire existence, with repercussions on agriculture and the way food is produced in general. In the last decade, climate changes have been increasingly present and adapting to these changes is essential. In this paper, two crops, barley and alfalfa are presented, and how these climate changes produced in the Sânnicolau Mare area during 2020-2022 had negative effects on the soils and, above all, on the production of barley and the number of mows in alfalfa. In the elaboration of the paper, the bibliographic study was combined with a series of laboratory analyses regarding the properties of the two types of soil identified. The idea was developed on the basis that we monitored the annual thermal and pluviometric regimes impact on crops and on soil evolution, through their distribution and through the specific adaptability of the plants to risk conditions in a short period of time. These climatic changes are obvious not only from one year or from one season to another: they appear within the same locality bringing obvious changes in terms of the amount of precipitation in a certain area of that locality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural sector of the Republic of Moldova is currently facing a series of challenges, an important part of them being related to the greening of the sector. The existing public support schemes for greening agriculture are more related to mitigation of the climate change effects, with less focus on preserving the environment, and their share in the total public support is relatively low. The paper aims to analyze the existing public support schemes related to climate change adaptation and greening of sector and provide a series of recommendations for their improvement. In order to achieve the main aim of the paper, the following scientific methods have been used: generalization of empirical and applied material, induction and deduction methods for making the paper conclusions, comparison method and analytical one. In order to be in line with current greening EU policies, Republic of Moldova must adapt some of its public support schemes for the agricultural sector and pay more attention to development of a coordinative mechanism and advice services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the paper was to assess the impact of climate changes on agricultural development and food security in Ukraine and Slovakia using statistical data from Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic, State Statistics Service of Ukraine, Eurostat, Food and Agriculture Organization and other sources. The comparison method was used to evaluate changes in agricultural development indicators, as well as climate changes in 1998-2021 in Ukraine and Slovakia. The main indicators of agricultural development used in the research were agricultural raw materials exports(%), agricultural raw materials imports (%), agriculture value added (% of GDP), agriculture value added (annual % growth), agriculture value added (current US$), cereal production (metric tons), cereal yield (kg per hectare), crop production index, food production index. Correlation and regression equations were used to establish the relationship between climatic factors and agricultural development indicators. The multiple correlations between air temperature and indicators of agricultural development was r=0.75 for Ukraine, r=0.69 for Slovakia. Using neuromodeling tools, the indicators of cereal production volumes and cereals yields in Ukraine and Slovakia in 2024-2033 were predicted. Tables were used to summarize the results. In conclusion, it should be noted that climatic conditions should be analyzed in each sector of crop production, and measures should be taken to adapt technologies for the gradual expansion of obligations for the production and export of agricultural products to world markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the behaviour of some wheat varieties under the years 2014, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2023 conditions in Dobrogea area in demonstrative plots carried out at S.C. SPORT AGRA S.R.L. Amzacea, Constanta County. The main aspects emphasized in this research area have been: climatic conditions, obtained yield, and economical efficiency. Looking to the pathogens, for wheat Septoria tritici showed an AR between 17-27% and Pyrenophora graminea showed a low atack (AR = 4.5-17.5%). The pathogen Puccinia striiformis was present in low precentage (AR = 0-13.5%) in the 2018 April observations. For crop protection against pathogens, 2 foliar tratments with fungicides were applied, Artea 330 EC(ciproconazol 80 g/l + propiconazol 250 g/l) 0,4 l/ha, in March and Priaxor EC (fluxapiroxad 150 g/l + piraclostrobin 75 g/l) 1l/ha and in April respectively. Fungal treatments have stopped the development of foliar and ear diseases. The beneficial effects were found in the good yields obtained in 2014, 2016, 2018, 2019, except the years 2020 and 2023. In 2020 Otilia reached 2,370 kg/ha, Miranda 2,260 kg/ha and Solindo variety 4,297 kg/ha and Ursita 4,165 kg/ha in 2023. All these special yields have been obtained under non-irrigated conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper purpose was to assess the impact of climate change on wheat, maize and sunflower yield in the period 2017-2021, using statistical data from National Institute of Statistics (NIS) and National Administration of Meteorology (NAM) and other sources. Comparison method was used to evaluate the deviations between the registered air temperatures and precipitations and the 1981-2010 climatological norm. Graphic method reflected the dynamics of monthly air temperatures and rainfalls in each year. Descriptive statistics for mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation reflected an more comprehensive image upon air temperature, precipitations and yield. Correlations and regression equations were used to establish the intensity of the kinks between climate factors and yield. The highest average air temperature In Romania was 12.130C in 2019. In the period 2017-2020, the average annual temperatures exceeded the climatological norm 1981-2010 accounting for 9.10C. The lowest rainfalls, 614.2 mm, were recorded in 2019, being below of 633.1 mm the norm for the period 1981-2010. The high temperatures associated with drought and low precipitations have deeply affected yield of many agricultural crops, including maize, wheat and sunflower. The highest wheat yield 4,888 kg/ha was achieved in 2017, and the lowest one, 2,966 kg/ha in 2020. Maize registered the highest performance of 7,644 kg/ha in 2018, and the lowest one, 3,977 kg/ha in 2020. Sunflower carried out the high performance 3,041 kg/ha in 2018, and the lowest one, 1,858 kg/ha in 2020. The worst agricultural years for these three crops was 2020, but 2017 favored wheat, while 2018 favored maize and sunflower. The correlation coefficient had in general small values between average temperature and yield, but a higher link with precipitations level. The multiple correlation between yield, air temperatures and precipitations was: r= 0.817 for wheat, r = 0.116 for maize and r = 0.504 for sunflower. In the South Eastern Dobrogea, the driest area in Romania, the rainfalls declined by 65% in the period 2018-2020 having a deep negative impact on sunflower seeds yield, which decreased from 4,282 kg/ha in 2018, to 1,503 kg/ha in 2020. The correlation between precipitations and sunflower yield positive and very strong (r = 0.737). As a conclusion, the climate conditions should be analyzed in each farm and farmers have to take measure to adapt the technologies for sustaining production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the key role sustainability plays in the agricultural sector and its impact on local communities. With climate change and economic challenges on the rise, it is vital to focus on sustainable agricultural practices to ensure food security and well-functioning ecosystems. Throughout the article we highlight global and local initiatives that encourage sustainable agriculture, as well as the benefits to the environment and society, highlighting our shared responsibility to future generations, highlighting collaboration between farmers, communities, governments and international organizations. For the representativeness of what will be presented we use the creative platform Canva, the basic statistical information comes from the National Institute of Statistics (NIS) and FAOSTAT, the descriptive analysis is performed using the advanced tools offered by Microsoft Excel 365 and in addition to standard reference sources, we have also consulted recognized specialized websites, thus strengthening our perspective and providing readers with up-to-date and verified information. The purpose of this review is to examine the depth and breadth of the implications of sustainability in the context of agricultural work, highlighting the complex interconnections between agricultural practices, the environment and society. In conclusion, this article highlights the need for a collective and integrated approach to achieving sustainability goals in agriculture and building a more resilient and balanced future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aimed to analyze cereals production and price at farm gate, also farm inputs prices (seeds, fertilizers, plant protection products, fuel and herbicides) in the EU in the period 2016-2021 and also partially in 2022 in order to identify the trends in the main cereals producing countries France, Germany, Poland, Romania, Italy, Spain and Hungary and to propose a few alternatives to farmers how to adapt to climate change for sustaining production. Eurostat data regarding cereals production and price at farm gate and also prices for farm inputs were used, graphically illustrated including trend regression equation and coefficient of determination. The results pointed out that EU cereals output accounted for 272.6 million tonnes in 2022, being by -8.2% lower than the peak of 2019. Wheat and maize production is 128.19 million tonnes and, respectively, 55.1 million tonnes, meaning lower levels than before. Cereals output declined in the main producing countries: France, Germany, Romania, Spain, Italy, Hungary, but increased in Poland. High temperatures, heat waves, severe and long droughts, low precipitations were the main causes related to climate change. Cereals price at the farm gate increased, and also production costs went up due to the raise in farm input prices which started since 2021 and exploded in 2022. High price for diesel, seeds, fertilizers, plant protection products, herbicides, were recorded compared to their levels in 2015. The highest increase of producer's price ranged between +60.7% in Hungary and +31.8% in Spain. In Romania it was +40%. Compared to 2015, in 2021, the growth rate of farm inputs price was: +15.8% for diesel, +10.8% for seeds, +9.8% for fertilizers, +5,13% for herbicides and +3% for plant protection products. In the future, farmers have to increase production rethinking cereals structure, using more high potential varieties and hybrids, resistant to drought, diseases and pests; to extend biodiversity and use crop rotation to preserve soil nutrients; to implement technologies with fewer inputs and conservative agriculture for assuring the sustainable development of cereals production, protecting environment and preserving biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper emphasizes the importance of subsidizing agricultural activities, taking into account the climate changes that are more and more evident making agricultural holdings particularly vulnerable from an economic point of view, the most exposed being the small ones. The technical-economic the economic-financial analysis methods drew a technical-economic diagnosis of a small-scale vegetable farm in Romania, in order to highlight the major impact that subsidies have in achieving incomes that ensure the continuity of the activity. The vegetable farm under study was established in 2018, being included in the category of micro-enterprises paying income tax. It owns agricultural land exclusively on lease, the existing crops being those of wheat, corn, alfalfa, bell peppers and melons, with average productions/ha achieved similar to or below the average productions/ha recorded at national, regional and county level. From an economic and financial point of view, this holding presents a financial instability during the analysis period, based on the losses recorded in 2018 and 2020 and a non-compliant financial autonomy based on insufficient equity capital. It does not have the ability to generate constant profit during the period included in the study by capitalizing on production, it being small and insufficient, which denotes the major dependence on the income from exploitation subsidies in order to be profitable. Liquidity indicators evolve fluctuating and solvency is generally downward and positioned above the safety threshold, which places small-scale vegetable farms at risk of insolvency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crop management in the Romanian agriculture faces many risks and challenges that directly influence the technical and economic performance of the farms and implicitly the sustainability of the agricultural sector. These challenges range from climate change to resource issues, from plant health problems to market and regulatory issues. It is therefore essential to understand these issues in detail to develop effective crop management strategies and support Romanian agriculture in the face of a complex and changing environment. Through methods of statistical analyses and bibliographic documentation, we will identify and analyze this risks and challenges in detail in order to obtain a more comprehensive picture of the agricultural landscape in Romania in order to develop some necessary measures to reduce and, as far as possible, eliminate these risks. Data were collected from public institutions, from the official National Institute of Statistics, NIS, website Tempo-Online. The aim of crop management in Romania, as in any other country, is to ensure efficient, sustainable and profitable agricultural production. By adopting these recommendations and proactively addressing risks and challenges, agriculture in Romania can become more resilient and sustainable, further ensuring the supply of high-quality food and contributing to the country's economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Romania's biodiversity is a natural treasure, offering a vast array of species and ecosystems, but faces increasing threats from human activities and climate change. Education, awareness and conservation of biodiversity are key to protecting this priceless biological diversity. In this article, through statistical methods of analysis, we aim to explore the role of education and awareness in the conservation of Romania's biodiversity, highlighting initiatives and efforts to promote public understanding and commitment to protecting the environment and unique species. This analysis allowed us to identify relevant patterns, trends and conclusions related to biodiversity education, awareness and conservation in Romania. Protecting Romania's biodiversity is therefore not only a necessity for the environment, but also for society, the economy and human well-being. Biodiversity conservation is essential for our well-being and the health of the planet, and it is our responsibility to act on it. We will explore the importance of education in schools and universities, the role of NGOs and government actions, and their impact on biodiversity conservation in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aimed to present the research results on some environmental challenges and priorities of climate resilience. The research work was carried out in 2021 and referred to the analysis of the transcendence character corresponding to the environmental policies according to the strategic guidelines of recovery and resilience for sustainable development and green transition. Although sustainable development of the Romanian water sector has been approached in the past, the present paper has new research related to the water security and its role in building the climate resilience of agriculture and rural development in the European Union and our country. From a methodological view, there are used accumulations and outcomes from the specialty literature, from previous researches, the own data processing in figures and tables to describe some conceptual relationships, comparative analyses of the developmental state and the climatic vulnerability of the Romanian water infrastructure sector. The conclusions and recommendations highlight backlogs, needs and opportunities in the context of implementing the European Green Deal and the National Recovery and Resilience Plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to highlight the role of computer based information systems in managing the resources of agricultural companies in order to forecast agricultural production and to study, from several points of view, the impact of climate change, respectively the changes brought by them. The Internet of Things involves the use of the Internet to connect different devices, services, and automated systems, thus forming a network of objects. Internet of Things devices will be integrated, connected to computer based information systems to increase the efficiency of agricultural production, by remotely monitoring sensors that can detect soil moisture and crop growth, ensuring (for example) remote management of smart combine harvesters and equipment of irrigation. The data provided by different sensors will be collected and the operational data obtained will be analyzed. The analysis will be performed using artificial intelligence methods that, through specific algorithms, allow the learning of new processing procedures, using data and previous knowledge collected, correlated with information obtained from meteorological services, to improve the making process. of decisions. Climate change is affecting agriculture by decreasing agricultural areas and reducing crops in the affected areas. These changes ultimately lead to a reduction in the amount of food available to humans and animals, to starvation, a phenomenon that still affects millions of people today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose in carrying out this paper is to convey the way in which tourism is influenced by natural and anthropogenic factors in relation to climatic elements. Behind this paper is a careful documentation on each element presented, concrete information and close to the truth in order to create a precise picture of the relationship between climate and tourism in Sinaia. Climatic data provided by National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology and also the statistical data provided by National Institute of Statistics were used. Following the processing of statistical data, it was found that the favorable climatic factors, characteristics for each season and the specific tourist infrastructure are elements that ensure tourist flows throughout the year. The qualitative aspects in this research were studied based on current scientific literature, official documents and observation method, and the quantitative research was carried out using statistical analysis of the processed data, graphic and cartographic method, the method of observation and interpretation. The results were presented in tables, graphs and then interpreted and analyzed. Data used in this study are part of the textbook on the desk. Being one of the most spectacular mountain areas in Romania, recognized internationally by the satisfaction of tourists who arrive in these lands, this paper aims to highlight the favorable climate conditions in relation to tourism in Sinaia considered the "pearl" of the mountain resorts in the Prahova Valley. This paper presents the capitalization of tourism potential, which highlights the number of tourists arriving in the two resorts, in the period 2009-2019. Also, the private accommodation infrastructure and the number of main accommodation units, hotels and pensions are presented in detail, the typology of hotels according to the degree of comfort and the presentation of tourism in the hot and cold period of the year. Finally, we find the conclusions that highlight the main ideas that emerged from the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change, global warming are phenomena that have changed the face of the world and that have a direct impact on agricultural production and food security, given that the world's population is growing from one year to the next, without the possibility of growth and natural resources. Another worrying phenomenon is the production of greenhouse gases and their destructive effect on the planet. That's why the technology that is being perfected every day tries to find solutions that simplify both the efforts made to obtain food, but also the possibility of increasing the efficiency of production processes. In this way, in the agricultural field, the idea of developing dual systems appeared, which would protect both agricultural crops, with the aim of increasing productivity, but which would also contribute to obtaining solar energy, necessary not only for own consumption, but also to be included in consumer networks, the proposed concept being that of the AgriVoltaic system. The idea that appeared in 1981 began to be developed, currently reaching the development of a technology that is starting to be adopted in many countries of the world, including Romania. In the current paper, we propose to analyze the opportunity of using AgriVoltaic technology, its advantages and disadvantages, but also the way in which it could contribute to increasing the profitability of agricultural farms. At the same time, increasing the degree of awareness regarding the advantages of introducing agricultural systems and the method of implementing the systems is another objective of the current work. Starting from the analysis of the specialized literature, we outlined the term Agrivoltaic technology and continued the study with an analysis of the possibilities of implementing this technology in Romania, due to the solar energy potential that it benefits from. The research methodology assumed on the one hand the bibliographic analysis, and on the other hand the analysis of the development potential of the system, taking into account the existing agricultural areas and crops suitable for this system. As a result of the research carried out, it turned out that although there are confirmed advantages of using AgriVoltaic technology, it does not yet benefit from sufficient visibility or high accessibility among farmers. Also, the existing legislation at the level of Romania does not yet make possible the development of the dual system. Among the disadvantages of using agrivoltaic systems are the still high costs, but the measures to protect the rural landscape, which occupies an important place in sustainable development, even if the energy produced is renewable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global population growth in recent decades, combined with evolving industrialization, and climate change has an immediate negative impact on the environment. Organic farming is a widespread alternative production practice having serious interrelationship with the society, economy, and ecology state worldwide. The aim of this scientific research is to prove the organic agriculture as an environmental protection approach. The paper is also an appeal to farmers, citizens, scientists, and governments for more understanding, applying, and supporting the organic farming to spare the nature. Organic farming today is close to the agriculture practiced by our ancestors. Namely, the production of agricultural products and animal husbandry in a way that protects human health and the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cultivation of hops, a traditional activity in the area of Transylvania, where the plants also meet good conditions for development, experienced a pronounced decline after 1990. The lack of funds for the establishment of crops and maintenance in the first years of vegetation, the special plant support system, the old varieties, the effects of climate change and the lack of an irrigation infrastructure have negatively influenced the development of hop farms. Despite the fact that processors have increased the demand for this crop, as a result of its multiple uses, in 2022 in Romania 165 ha were cultivated and a production of 191 tons was obtained, in only three counties in the heart of Transylvania, Alba, Mureș and Sibiu. Mureș County owned 75% of the areas cultivated with hops and 44% of the harvest obtained. At the same time, in the context of the decrease in local beer production, the quantitative and value imports of Romanian hop products also decreased. In order to revitalize this sector, the Common Agricultural Policy, through Strategic Plan 2023-2027 for Romania, has introduced a special Field of Intervention for hops and table grape growers (DR-17) which joins other interventions necessary for processing, for the establishment of producer groups, farmer training and consulting. Added to this is the support granted by Pillar I of the Common Agricultural Policy: Coupled income support (PD - 15), Eco-schemes (PD - 06) and Transitional National Aid (ANT - 5), which will represent an important support for farmers and will contribute to the increase of the surfaces and the production obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agriculture plays a rather important role in the Romanian economy, with the agricultural sector accounting for 4.3% of GDP at the end of 2017. The agricultural sector is represented by different branches and production systems that have an essential and strategic role in improving the quality of life and quality by supplying various Romanian and / or organic products on the market. The agricultural sector is non-indispensable and indispensable to man. But, what is the link between climate change and agriculture, what does this relationship define? Agriculture is the victim of climate change or is agriculture responsible for climate change? This paper seeks to analyze climatic factors with a major influence on agriculture characterized by: temperature and precipitation, but also the role played by agriculture in climate change through greenhouse gas emissions. The paper deals with a topic of national, European and global interest, because these climate changes are reflected in food production, land and marine ecosystems, affecting the economy and the main culprit, the man. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agriculture is facing different pressures linked to diffuse pollution from nutrients and chemicals, water abstraction and hydromorphological changes. According to information reported under the Water Framework Directive, around one third of surface water bodies fail to achieve good status because of one or several of these pressures. Using sustainable management practices based on agroecological principles, organic farming, and nature-based solutions, with multiple sustainability benefits, can contribute to reducing the magnitudes of pressures on water, enhancing the long-term resilience of agriculture to climate changes and benefit biodiversity. Investing in treatment plants, pipes, and conveyance schemes, is often the most trusted solution, but conventional engineered methods represent end-of-pipe solutions that do not address pollution at the source. The paper is presenting opportunities for green infrastructure and nature-based solutions application in Romania to aid in addressing some of the situations mentioned above. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of pesticides is a growing problem for the environment given the negative impact it has on the quality of soil, groundwater and surface water, biodiversity and ecosystems, but also on human health. To these are added the emergence of new diseases and pests that must be combated, precisely as a result of changes in the environment and climate change. However, their use is necessary, given the growing need for food, as a result of the exponential growth of the world's population and the reduction of areas for agriculture. The use of the latest generation pesticides, their correct application leads not only to the increase of their productions and to their profitability, but also to the protection of the environment and the preservation of biodiversity. In this paper, we aim to analyze the evolution of pesticide consumption in the E.U. and at the level of Romania in the period 2011-2019. The research methodology involved the bibliographic study, the consultation of domestic and international databases, the analysis of statistical data, their interpretation and the formulation of conclusions on the current situation compared to the base year, so that we can estimate what future developments will be. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Dobrogea the culture of the peach tree has had great perspectives even from the beginning due to the extremely favorable climate. The peach species loves warm weather and has always found good growing and harvesting conditions in the south-eastern part of Romania. In this period, 7 Romanian and foreign peach tree cultivars were studied at Research Station for Fruit Growing (RSFG) Constanta: 'Mimi', 'Catherine sel.1', 'Springcrest', 'Raluca', 'Cardinal' 'Filip' and 'Cora'. This paper presents the manner in which certain peach tree cultivars reacted to frost in the springtime of 2020, 2021 and 2022, as well as the effect of the hail on Jun 14th, 2022 on the peach production. The greatest losses caused by the frost were registered in the spring-time of 2020 as far as the fructiferous buds are concerned: 90% at 'Springcrest', 80% at 'Cardinal', 60% at 'Raluca' and 'Filip', 40% at 'Mimi', 'Cora' and 'Catherine sel.1', 20%. The losses caused by the hail on July 14th, 2022 affected the production of the 'Springcrest' cultivar by 80% and of the 'Cardinal' and 'Cora' by 70%. The climatic changes that have been registered throughout the past 10 years have negatively influenced the culture of the peach tree and the effects have been classified according to the cultivar and its biology, as well as to the topographic placement of the allotments. The studies that have been carried out, together with the obtained results demonstrate the importance of choosing the cultivar assortment taking into account the favorability of the area, as well as the importance of installing anti-hail nets when setting up fruit-growing plantations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to justify the strategic priorities of financial provisions for sustainable soil management in agriculture of Ukraine. In conditions of limited financial resources, there is a need to identify the top priorities of sustainable soil management. The study found that the most important priority of financial support for sustainable soil management is to suspend the decrease of the content of humus and achieve its deficit-free balance (global priority - 0.556); the second position is occupied by the protection of soils from erosion (priority - 0.274); third place - enrichment of soils with nutrients substances (priority - 0.101); fourth place - amelioration of acid and solonets soils (priority - 0.069). In the context of identification of priorities of financial support for practical implementation of the proposed conception of sustainable soil management this paper also addresses the empirical expert evaluation of the relative importance (significance) of the principles of sustainable soil management, as well as the level of adherence (compliance) of these principles in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine. The obtained results demonstrate the state of compliance with the principles of sustainable soil management in agricultural enterprises, the availability of opportunities and reserves for improving the situation for their implementation, and as well due to which this should be carried out. Thus, 77.8 % of the principles were implemented at a low level, the rest (22.2 %) - at a very low level, so there are significant reserves to improve the situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a solution to mitigate the effects of climate change, scientists have been looking for more environmentally friendly energy production alternatives, so, since the 2000s, renewable energy production has increased across Europe. Climate change has a negative impact on our planet, with increased emissions of greenhouse gases contributing to global warming. In this context, biogas has become a promising solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving environmental quality. The purpose of the study is to review the evolution of research and development in this field, identify trends and gaps in existing knowledge, and assess the impact and significance of published research. In this sense, a bibliometric analysis was carried out, based on the topics "renewable energy" and "biogas", in which VosViewer software was used to create maps. The research results show that existing policies worldwide encourage transfer and synergy between researchers from different countries, achieving important results. Practically, researches and examples of good practise show that biogas can be a viable solution to mitigate the effects of climate change, and in the coming decades, under the conditions of the population growth estimates materialization, we will most likely witness an intensification of agriculture to ensure the population's food needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In front of escalating resource limitations in agriculture, this study emphasizes the critical need for efficient crop cultivation. Focusing particularly on tomatoes, a staple in global diets, the research aims to sustenably enhance productivity. Recognizing productivity as a key economic indicator, the study highlights the pivotal role of energyefficient practices in addressing challenges posed by climate change and depleting natural resources. By optimizing energy use in agricultural processes, this research not only improves economic efficiency but also positions the sector for resilience and innovation in a resource-constrained environment. Through an in-depth analysis of data from Eurostat covering the 2014-2022 period, we trace the trends in greenhouse tomato cultivation across Europe, evaluating changes in cultivation areas and productivity. This research offers insights into how different European countries have adapted their agricultural practices in response to environmental and economic pressures and in the same time, it underscores the need for continued innovation and adaptation in agricultural practices to meet the demands of a growing global population under increasingly constrained environmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the prospects of Ukraine on the world grain market and ways to increase the efficiency of maize cultivation using environmentally safe technologies in the conditions of the negative impact of climate change and other stress factors. The methodological approach takes into account the peculiarities of agrarian production based on the use of data of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, United States Department of Agriculture, United Nations, Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine and State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The dynamics of world production and export of maize grain, sown areas, production and yield of maize in Ukraine are demonstrated, which directly focuses attention on the competitiveness of Ukrainian maize on the world grain market. These arguments are confirmed by analytical results, which show that in 2022, among the world leaders of maize grain producers, Ukraine took fifth place, and among exporters - fourth. In order to mitigate the impact of climate change and other stress factors on the effective production and export of Ukrainian maize, adaptation measures are proposed, which consist in the application of modern technologies, which include: optimization of the structure of sown areas and scientifically based crop rotations with the effective use of competitive varieties and hybrids of agricultural crops, the introduction of organic and mineral fertilizers and plant protection products, the use of soil protective tillage, sideration and mulching, irrigation systems, and also the productive use of plant residues with the application of modern biodestructors. Their comprehensive implementation will contribute to the development of maize yield, grain quality, preservation of biodiversity and the solution of the grain-food problem in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agri-environment and climate payments represent a key element necessary for the integration of environmental protection issues into the Common Agricultural Policy. In Romania, this measure aims to encourage farmers (users of agricultural land) to adopt, on a voluntary basis, agricultural practices that ensure the maintenance of the environmental value of rural areas, the maintenance of specific habitats of agricultural land important for priority wild species, the sustainable use of natural resources and the preservation of traditional landscapes. This paper presents the situation of accessing the agri-environment and climate compensatory payment measure for adaptation to the effects of climate change on agricultural land, in Romania, between 2015 and 2019, where a total of 212,413 beneficiaries were registered, with a total eligible area of 1,799,820 hectares and the eligible value of compensatory payments was 231,563,125.73 euros. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to present the key vulnerabilities of small-holder farms while adapting prospective climate change conditions. Natural resources' productivity has declined under climate stress. The natural resources that lose their prolificacy negatively affect small-holder farms. Consequently, the agricultural sector will suffer from climate change impacts. The countries which have small-holder farms should be more careful while designing their rural policies. Indeed, small-holder farms lack capacity in management of agricultural risks. This phenomenon has the potential to trigger rural poverty in the medium-term. Many studies carried out on the African Continent indicates that adaptation costs of climate change account for 250-500 billion USD in the years between 2010 and 2050. Climate change adaptation policies are most effective when they are fully integrated within countries' national development strategies. Furthermore, adequate funding and technology transfer to small-holder farms are important in ensuring success of any climate action and initiative. The current paper will give information related with adaptation costs to climate change in various countries of the world. In addition, the paper discusses the possibility of agricultural adaptation policies coming from developed zones of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assessed the determinants of the strategies adopted by the arable crop farmers in coping with climate change in Osun state, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 120 arable crop farmers as samples for the study. Data for the study were collected with a structured interview schedule. Data were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistical tools; frequency distributions, means, standard deviation, percentages, and Pearson's Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). Descriptive results reveal that most (87.5%) of the sampled farmers were male, and married (63.00%). The average age, household size, and years of formal education were 53.6 years, 10.15 persons, and 5.20 years respectively. Perceived significant variables influencing climate change were fluctuating rainfall patterns and extreme temperature with weighted mean scores (WMS) of 4.55 and 4.47 respectively. The major climate change adaptation strategy and constraint to adaptation were late or early planting, and unavailability of capital with WMS scores of 4.54 and 2.80 respectively. Significant factors influencing climate change adaptation strategies were age, household size, years of formal education, and farming experience. The study concluded that farmers were aware of the effects of climate change and have adopted coping strategies, especially planting their crops early or late in line with emerging rainfall patterns. Thus, extension services must be tailored towards awareness and adoption of improved agronomy practices and planting materials, especially early maturing and drought-resistant varieties of crops that would mitigate climate change effects on crop productivity. Also, farmers should be encouraged to insure their crops against failure due to the effects of climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The change in the occurrence of phenophases in fruit trees gave a challenge to climate change. Changes in average temperatures and rainfall and increased short- and long-term extreme events are already affecting crop yields worldwide. To avoid possible losses, it is necessary to provide helpful information to farmers in real time regarding initiating a particular stage of fruit tree development. Modern breeding programs have launched cultivars with low winter chill requirements onto the market, involving extensive zoning research in recent years. Also, there are species/cultivars with a chilling requirement that can no longer be satisfied in some areas, leading to losses in production/economic inefficiency. Climate change generated significant interest in developing specific tools and models adjusted for each crop. The paper aims to present the available information on apple and pear trees' chilling and heat requirements, focusing on the methods used for their determination. The results reflect comparing the methods used and their efficacity for those species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficiency of the autumn wheat crop requires the application of some general technologies, but improved with innovative and specific technological sequences, depending on the evolution of the vegetation cycle and the expected production components. The researches were performed during the 2020-2022, in the experimental field of NARDI Fundulea and aimed to study the influence of agrotechnical practices on the yields and quality of wheat. The paper presents the results obtained in experiences with sowing dates and plant density, under non-irrigation condition, in the south of the country. Recording a stable and high production of autumn wheat is possible if a good sowing quality is ensured and the optimal sowing interval and plant density per m2 are observed. The variability of individual productivity of wheat plants can increase with the delay of the sowing date by up to 10-20% for the number of grains/plant and between 10-25% for the weight of grains/plant, and these lead to a decrease for production per hectare with 1000-3000 kg/ha. The variation of climatic conditions influenced negatively wheat yield and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Direct payments granted in agriculture play an extremely important role for the incomes of Romanian farmers. This type of payments are funds from the European Union budget, more precisely from the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF), and in Romania these payments are granted through various schemes such as: Single area payment scheme, Redistributive payment, Young farmers payment, payment for agricultural practices beneficial for climate and environment, but also Coupled support. In relation to the amounts granted per hectare, on the one hand, the most targeted by farmers, is coupled support, which is granted to sectors considered economically, socially and environmentally important and which are affected by certain difficulties. The aim of this paper is to identify the progress made in certain cultures that have been encouraged through this form of support. The analyzed data comes from the Agency for Payments and Intervention for Agriculture. The conclusion is that this support plays an important role for agricultural practices related to climate change and the environment protection, having the role of crop diversification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studied the economic assessment of soil carbon sequestration and financial support for development of low-carbon land use in Ukrainian agriculture in the context of climate change. Results of evaluation show that Ukraine plays a strategic role in the soil carbon sequestration in Europe. Ukrainian soils contribution is equal to one third of SOC sequestered in agricultural soils of the European Union. Economic assessment of stocks of SOC in Ukrainian soils indicates that its value is in the range from 14.4 thousand USD/ha (Gray forest soils) to 103.7 thousand USD/ha (Chernozem-meadow soils). The results of analysis revealed that for agricultural production and the formation of the economic fertility of soils in Ukraine, the effects of climate change on warming will be both positive and negative. Taking into account the international experience of adaptation of land use processes to climate change, the basis of strategy of adaptation of agriculture in the enterprises of Ukraine to warming is proposed to put the concept of low carbon land use. As a result of the study it was determined the macroeconomic assessment of the need of financial resource for development potential of low carbon land use in Ukraine for the period until 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In agriculture, farm land is any space or medium that supports agricultural practice/production. This is in tandem with economics which has land as one of the four main factors of production. But ecologically, land can be said to be the solid part of the 'Earth' along with its components in the interior, on the surface (ground level) and above the ground level. These are respectively the rocks and minerals including underground water; the soil and biological matters within and upon it; and the atmosphere. The interactions and interdependency of these factors made land and climate inter-twined and have created series of dynamics and phenomena which have influenced and shall continue to influence all forms of existence on earth. Agriculture which is a principal branch of any national economy is tied in major part to the soil which is the topmost part of land and therefore, farm is tied to ecology and its factors (which include climatic factors). The limit in the size of land available for farming and the continuous decline due to other competing needs of humanity together with the ever-increasing population of the world have made efficient mechanization the panacea for intensification of production to cope with the ever-increasing demand for food and raw materials. The path to overcoming the looming danger is sustainable management, which is present beneficial exploitation, utilization, maintenance, co-ordination and control of resources that ensures the continuous existence / availability for future needs. Certainly, it is now a known fact that changes in climatic conditions/ factors have brought about either positive or negative or both in the different parts of the world, and Nigeria is not an exception. This paper is an original scholarly inquiry based on review of related literatures (academic and public awareness information outlets), reports and physical observations of the authors. The results reveal that a worrisome land management culture and practices at present in Nigeria. This is being worsened by climate change effects of drier (including desert expansion) northern parts and wetter (including coastal erosion, ocean surge, swamp expansion and heavier erosion) southern parts of Nigeria. These coupled with poor handling of wastes, mining operations, pollution from oil spillage and gas flaring; wrong use of chemical (agro-related and environmental Sanitation related); reckless deforestation; etc constitute huge threats. The paper ends with propositions of mitigating actions and ameliorative measures to be taken by stakeholders in land holding and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this scientific paper was to identify and highlight the innovative technology of conservation and valorisation of the bee species Apis mellifera Carpatica in the conditions of climate change. Scientific research has been conducted on bee populations growth in the experimental apiary of the Institute of Zoology. Research results have shown that the sustainable selection of purebred bee families, with the application of innovative methods of genetic amelioration in climate change, contributes to the conservation of the population with an appropriate level of development of morphoproductive traits. The conservation of bee populations requires their protection from pesticide residues, which are more and more common in the flowers of some entomophilous agricultural plants. Knowledge of the most dangerous and widespread pesticide residues, identification of ecological biotopes, are necessary actions of technology for the conservation of bee populations. The maintenance of bee families in comfortable and ecological hives is one of the technological methods that ensure the conservation of the species and race of bees Apis mellifera Carpatica. The hives of vertical models have comfort advantages for bees, compared to the horizontal ones, and ensure an increase of the prolificacy of the queens - by 3.5% (td = 2.07; P <0.05), of the family power - by 6.0% (td = 2.41; P <0.05) and honey production by 19.1% (td = 5.33; P <0.001) and an economic efficiency of at least 23.8 euros per family of bees. Feeding bee families during poor harvesting periods in the wild with nutritious supplements, enriched with biologically active substances of different organic origin, contributes to strengthening the vital activity of bee families, ensuring the increase of queen prolificacy and the number of brood capacity by 7.7-45.9%; family power by 9.3-16.9%; flight intensity of bees by 6.8-7.7%; disease resistance by 5.0-8.4%; winter hardiness by 10.5%; the amount of wax raised in the nest by 36.7-39.3%; the amount of pasture with 23.3-27.6% and the amount of honey accumulated in the nest with 19.6-38.9%. Rational use of Apis mellifera Carpatica species and bee race can be achieved by exploiting bee families not only for obtaining bee products, but also for their use in the directed pollination of entomophilous agricultural crops that contribute to the increase of fruit harvest in orchards by 15-30 % and sunflower seeds with 21.3-36.3%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bean germplasm collection of Vegetable Research and Development Station Buzău, Romania, contain over 450 accessions. The maintenance of this collection must accomplish the following requirements: maintaining the variability of this species (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), creating new varieties and adaptability to the climate changes in what it concerns these accessions. In 2020, this collection was cultivated in green - house covered with polyethylene. This paper presents the comparative study of 10 climbing bean seeds accessions. The seeds of each accession were evaluated in what it concerns quantitative (100 seed weight, length, thickness and width) and qualitative characteristics (seed colour, brilliance, veining and shape). The seeds weight varied between 57.57 g (V5) and 28.88 g (V3). More than half of the seeds variants taken into study, presented white colour, except: V1 and V3 - different beige and V5 presents 2 colours (half white, half dark red). The highest values regarding seeds length and width were registered at V10 (17.03 and 9.11 mm). All accessions presented are stabile and it presented stability during the last growing seasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In times of climate changes and increased demand for food purity a significant part of scientific research is directly addressed organic agriculture. The producers are increasingly orienting themselves to bio-production due to its longrun positive consequences both for human and environmental health. The role of organic production is clearly outlined in a number of papers and documents, related to the fight against climatic changes and soil and water contamination. This paper aims at answering the question of whether the biologically grown tomato variety Rugby presents a good alternative to the conventionally produced varieties with respect to their yield. The meteorological conditions during the vegetation period in 2021 have been analyzed in detail and basic productive parameters of the experimentally grown plants (number of standards and non-standard fruits; total weight in kg/da) have been compared for the two methods and three planting dates. At the first harvest in early summer, plants fertilized with mineral fertilizers NPK give better yields than unfertilized and fertilized with Arkobaleno. However, with the intensification of the unfavourable hydrothermal conditions by the end of the summer, the final total yield from the bio-fertilized plants for all the three planting dates already has better parameters not only compared to the unfertilized plants but also compared to the these grown after mineral fertilization. Biologically fertilized tomato plants show better productivity under conditions of over-wetting. Mineral fertilizers have a slight advantage in case of heat stress but the yields are comparable with those, from the plants, fed with the organic fertilizer Arkobaleno. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The practice of sustainable viticulture by reducing the quantities of pesticides applied by phytosanitary treatments and capitalizing on the ecopedoclimatic conditions specific to each wine-growing area, involves obtaining and promoting vine varieties with complex biological resistance, with high potential for adaptation to changes caused by climate change and valuable agrobiological and technological potential. In response to this, at R.D.S.V.V. Odobeşti were studied in order to evaluate the agrobiological and technological potential three hybrid elites with biological resistance: hybrid elite 10-1-6 (Traminer roz x Isabella), hybrid elite 2-5 (Galbenă de Odobeşti x Lydia) and hybrid elite 10-18 (Riesling italian x Siebel 6720). This paper presents the ampelographic description and the agrobiological and technological potential of the elites studied during the years 2020-2021. The results obtained from this study showed that these hybrid elites have high productive and qualitative potential, show high biological resistance to the main diseases of the vine, and can be proposed for approval in order to improve the national assortment, in the context of sustainable viticulture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study consists in the optimization of some technological links of major importance for the sunflower culture to develop some technological recommendations, which allow obtaining high and efficient productions. The research was carried out over a period of 3 years, on a cambic chernozem. The methods refer to the effect of some technological factors on sunflower production and some of its morphological components in the pedoclimatic conditions of the outskirts of Timișoara, Romania. The effects of some technological factors on production were studied and analysed, obtaining useful information to optimize the technology of some hybrids in soil and climate conditions like those in Timișoara. Results showed that the 59,524 g.g./ha variant (N50P50K50, scarification+ploughing) produced the most - 2,612 kg/ha in 2022 and 3,417 kg/ha in 2020. Also, the N50P50K50 variant at 24 cm per row ranked in the best 5 variants, recording productions of 2,507-3,145 kg/ha. The analysis of the economic efficiency of the production in different technological variants allows an adequate management of the costs to maximize the profit in accordance with market requirements. The researches related to this study fall under the concerns of obtaining useful information that will allow the achievement of superior, high-quality, and sustainable productions under the conditions of current climate changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Continued population growth together with current climate change will threaten global food security in the near future. Wheat is a staple cereal crop for many countries, including Romania. Therefore, to obtain high yields, it is necessary to choose wheat cultivars with drought tolerance. Research has been done out during two growing seasons: 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 in the experimental field of ARDS Simnic, the purpose of this study being the evaluation of the drought tolerance of ten wheat varieties. The obtained results confirmed the strong positive relationships between the grain yields obtained both in drought (Ys) and non-stress conditions (Ys) and STI, MPI, GMP and YI indices, these selection indices expressing a high power of discrimination between varieties at a moderate level of drought stress (SI =0.53). Based on the rank sum (RS) of all selection indices, three drought tolerant varieties were identified, namely Miranda, Simnic 60 and Glosa. These varieties can be considered as the most suitable for cultivation in the study area and other areas with similar agroclimatic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting with the summer of 2020, the farms inputs prices, especially for diesel, seeds, fertilizers and pesticides as well as of grains (cereals and oilseeds) started fluctuating excessively. This phenomenon caused great uncertainty in farmers economic activity, especially for the crop farms that are bulk selling all their products to traders. The uncertainty was primarily caused by the overlap of several factors, some of which were more predictable and some of which took everyone by surprise and caused panic and volatility on the stock markets. The unfortunate events sequence began in early 2020, with the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic that caused disruptions in supply chains, import-export bans and lockdowns that reduced the consumption of agri-food products in the HORECA industry. For Romanian farmers, the disturbance created by the pandemic also overlapped with the severe drought that affected production levels in 2020 and 2022, as well as with the hostilities in the region which started at the end of February 2022, and led to the agricultural inputs excessive price increase and high volatility on the commodities exchange. In this sequence of unfortunate events, the farmers' decision regarding the stored grains volumes, inputs purchasing timing and grains selling timing, made a major difference for their business' financial stability and profitability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we set out to analyze the need to monitor the "water footprint", starting from the fact that water is an indispensable resource for the development of life, and its lack is one of the biggest problems facing the world today, one of the biggest concerns and, at the same time, one of the biggest challenges. Water scarcity is a risk both for the economy and for communities and ecosystems, being influenced by climate change, but also by the irresponsible behaviour of people. Finding solutions to protect this resource is a concern of the modern world in trying to protect sustainable development. The research methodology involved the analysis of the literature, data collection and processing, formulating opinions and conclusions on how to apply smart development principles to find viable solutions to reduce the "water footprint". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the current situation when we observe numerous climate changes, manifested by rising air and seawater temperatures, there have been observed also, changes in recent years regarding the biology aspects of some fish species from the Romanian Black Sea coast. Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) - horse mackerel, having economic importance it is necessary to observe its biology in order to develop an appropriate management required by the changes observed at the population level. This paper presents results on temporal variations of total length and weight, age composition, growth parameters and sex ratio of the Mediterranean horse mackerel from the Romanian Black Sea coast. Data were collected from commercial trap net catch and from pelagic trawl expeditions in the period 2018-2020. Significant differences were observed between the length distribution and the stations, with the specification that in 2020 individuals from classes of smaller lengths predominated compared to previous years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The yield of a crop is dependent on the interaction of biotic and abiotic factors, the most important being the pedoclimatic conditions and the attack of diseases and pests. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the interaction of biotic and abiotic factors on the yield of the Turda 332 maize hybrid in the period 2018-2020. A multifactorial experiment was organized, with the following graduations: factor A - climatic conditions in the experimental years (2018-2019-2020), factor B - tillage system (conventional, minimum tillage with chisel, minimum tillage with disc, no-tillage), factor C - foliar fertilizers (different grades of mineral fertilization with macro and microelements). The obtained results indicate that the way of processing the soil has an influence on the water reserve in the soil and on the yield elements, but the biggest impact has the environmental conditions, in 2018 and 2020, favorable years for maize cultivation, the yield was 8971 kg/ha respectively 8578 kg/ha, and in 2019, a less favorable year, the yield was 5581 kg/ha. The frequency and intensity of the attack of diseases and pests are influenced by the variation of climatic conditions, in 2018 and 2020 registering the highest frequency of attack, the tillage system as well by the level of fertilization, in the variants with foliar fertilization registering the lowest attack. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The climate impact on sessile oak ecosystems may be measured by means of the HYPE climatic software. The climatic modelling software is employed to predict future temperatures and precipitations across the studied teritory. After interpreting the data provided by the software, we can predict how forest ecosystems will be influenced by climate change in the future. Different plots across the Banat Mountain range have been studied in order to determine the future existence of oak forest ecosystems. Consequently, two simulations have been designed, leading to two different future climatic scenarios. To begin with, the first scenario there is a moderate increase in green house gases (rcp-4.5) whilst in the second scenario there is an accentuated increase (rcp-8.5). The analysis which resulted from the data processing from within all three sessile oak stands reveals the fact that the Moldova-Noua and Paltinis stands will be the most vulnerable ones and the Bocsa-Romana stand the less vulnerable one. The importance of these results is closely related to how local forest administrators can use such findings in order to apply the best management measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If until two or three decades ago, the limit of cultivation of varieties for red wines was located mainly in the regions of the southern half of our country, and only insularly in a few northern areas, as a result of the increase in thermal resources and solar radiation, this has expanded considerably, at the level of the entire country at the level of the entire country. In the medium term, the choice of varieties for red wines, when establishing new plantations in the north of the country, and not only, can be made from the existing international assortment, already tested, from the local Viticultural germplasm, but in the long term the main solution is to cultivate the varieties new, created to better cope with climate change. The present paper aimed to follow the behavior of Cabernet cubin, Cabernet dorio and Cabernet dorsa varieties, not cultivated on a large scale so far in our country. The results showed that they have high biological resistance to frost and cryptogamic diseases, a good choice in the current climate context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the influence of climatic factors and their impact on the phenology of some plum varieties grown in RIMSA Troyan during the period 2019-2021. The phenophases of the beginning of flowering, the end of flowering and the period of fruit ripening were observed and analyzed. Regarding the flowering phenophase, it was found that earliest blossoming of plum cultivars occurred at the beginning of April in 2019. The blossoming period for 'Kyustendilska' both began and ended at the latest time. Every year, within 10-11 days, there was a complete overlap of the blossoming of all the studied cultivars. Regarding the fruit ripening, higher temperatures combined with low amounts of precipitation, cause an earlier onset of the ripening phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the analysis of 15 cultivated maize hybrids for further selection of the hybrids that present a high yield potential and favourable agronomical traits, in the context of actual climate change. The analysis and interpretation of the obtained results was performed with the help of the IBM Spss statistical software. Descriptive characteristics were calculated: average, median, standard deviation, minimum values and maximum values. In order to analyse the significant differences, the ANOVA and Duncan statistical test was applied, respectively Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney. For the study of the links between the variables, the Pearson correlation coefficients and the regression lines were determined. The results are indicating the existence of significant differences between the analysed parameters Also, the results are corelated to the meteorological data, registered during the corresponding development phase of the plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food security, poverty and the overall sustainability of food and agricultural systems are influenced by a series of global trends. Nowadays, economic growth, population dynamics, and climate change disproportionately affect different regions. Conventional agriculture also contributes to accentuating these changes. As a result, we are faced with several challenges in the fields of food and agriculture. So, innovative systems are needed to protect and enhance the natural resource base as productivity increases. Consequently, today, but also in the future, the farming systems that counteract the negative impact of climate change must be in the attention of practitioners. Moreover, regulations in the field are necessary, and the implementation of such systems must be carried out in relation to the specificity of the geographical area. In view of the above, in the present paper, a brief overview was made on some agricultural systems aimed at counteracting the negative effects of global climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The irrigation sector is a major issue in European agriculture considering the potential impact of climate change and increasing demand for food in areas undergoing economic development. The main objective of this paper has taken into account the analysis and description of trends and current status of irrigation in the European Union (EU) regarding a series of technological, economic and social factors. Achieving this goal involved literature review and analysis of databases dedicated to the subject. The data analysis targeted irrigable and irrigated agricultural areas, types of used irrigation and types of irrigated crops. Results of the analysis show a picture of the wide variety of irrigation sector in the EU. The development of this sector must consider the multifunctional role of agriculture in establishing a balance between economic, social and environmental variables in different European regions and countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]