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The subject of this paper was to define the variability of milk urea, milk urea nitrogen, and ammonia emission from dairy Simmental and Holstein cows relating to months of milk recording through the precision farming methodology. Test-day records of dairy cows used in the statistical analysis were collected over five years. Regarding the parity, the animals were divided into four classes; regarding the recording date, test-day records were divided into twelve recording months, from January to December. The analysis was performed separately for each breed. The significance of the differences between the recording months was tested by the Scheffe's method of multiple comparisons (using the PROC GLM procedure in SAS). In terms of results, lower ammonia emission per cow was determined in the winter, while the ammonia emission was higher in the summer. Also, higher values of milk urea, milk urea nitrogen, as well as higher ammonia emission per animal, were determined in the Holstein than in Simmental cows.

The objective of this research was to determine the effect of addition of n-3 unsaturated fatty acids (a-linoleic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic) in dairy goats' ration on milk composition (fat and protein content). Also, the persistence of the effect after supplementation was analysed. The research was conducted on dairy goats (Alpine and Saanen) bred at an indoor farm. Regarding the experimental period, the milk sampling at milking (morning and evening) was performed in the period before supplementation (BS), during supplementation (S), and after supplementation (AS). According to the added supplement, animals were randomly allocated into a group (G-4) with no added supplement and three test groups (G-1; G-2; G-3) where a supplement containing n-3 unsaturated fatty acid was added over a period of five days. The results of this research indicate that the addition of PUFA in goats' ration changes the milk composition. The supplementation of a-linoleic resulted in increase of both milk fat and protein content. Furthermore, the addition of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic resulted in decrease of fat but increase of protein content in milk. The observed trends also persisted after the supplementation period.

Red deer, roe deer, and wild boar belong to a group of large game and are the most common species of game in the hunting area in Eastern Croatia. The research was conducted by the company hunting staff in the Osijek-Baranja County, area of Kućanci in the interval from 2008 to 2018. Knowing the number of wildlife in the hunting area is the base for establishing growth and planning shootings. It is important to keep the balance in the hunting ground to avoid transmission and spreading of diseases and reduce traffic accidents as well as vehicle and wildlife damages. Given the fact that populations of large game have great importance in Croatia, the main objective of the study was to determine population trends of red deer, roe deer, and wild boar in the hunting ground in Eastern Croatia in 2008 - 2018.

In order to determine the effect of breeding region on differences in persistency of heat stress effect in first parity Simmentals test-day records provided by the Croatian Agricultural Agency were analysed. Only cows with detected statistically significant decrease in daily milk yield at set temperature-humidity index (THI) threshold value (65, 70 and 75) were included in the further analyses. The persistency of heat stress effect regarding the daily milk traits was determined as a drop in the subsequent milk recordings (1 st and 2 nd). The research results indicate significant difference in animals' response to heat stress effect due to breeding region and individual's susceptibility to heat stress. The most pronounced and persistent negative effect of heat stress was determined in cows reared in Eastern region. Also, the negative effect of heat stress was more pronounced and more persistent in Simmentals that were heat stressed at the lower THI threshold values (cows that are more susceptible to heat stress).

The aim of this paper was to present the general aspects of genomic selection in horse breeding and also to provide an overview of existing applications in horses breeding, with particular emphasis on the challenges of implementation and long-term use. Based on conducted review, it could be concluded that breeding organizations must convince horse breeders that genomic selection can be a valuable tool to increase selection success either in sports or in other horse breeding. Genomic selection (GS) allows breeders to evaluate the important traits of offspring even before its birth. GS uses genetic markers to test all relevant traits, including those that are currently very difficult to measure, such as disease resistance, meat quality, horse's crest height, etc. Finally, to establish the relevant genomic selection in individual breeds or breeding types of horses, it is necessary to create a network of collaboration between breeding associations in order to gather all necessary data.

The use of relative advantages in practice implies that one area concentrates on the products for which there is lower opportunity cost. The Osijek-Baranja County is rich in arable agricultural land. Compared with the Krapina-Zagorje County, where the agricultural land is less represented, it could be said that the Osijek-Baranja County has an advantage in terms of agricultural production. Using the comparative model of production opportunities, this paper analyses that it is necessary to use natural resources and put them into operation after profit. Free trade increases the overall production and consumption of all participants in trade because it enables production specialization in which specific areas have more relative and not absolute efficiency (products with fewer relative marginal costs). The comparative model of production opportunities is the model that points to the production orientation of the goods achieving maximum benefit.

Considering the great importance of the wild boar population in Croatia, the objective of this study was to determine the fluctuations of all categories (offspring, young, middle-aged, and mature) of wild boar population in the hunting area in Eastern Croatia during the analyzed period from 2008 to 2018. Based on the conducted analysis, the following can be emphasized: the last recorded maximum of offspring (male, and female) was in 2013, the highest number of young (male, and female) was determined in 2018, the last recorded maximum of middle-aged (male, and female) was in 2014, and the last recorded maximum of mature (male, and female) was in 2013. Considering the situation in the hunting area in 1955, the number of wild boars redoubled in the last 10 years. Compared to 1995 and given the fact that the hunting area today has much more resources available and there is significant human activity that can recreate the wildlife population by releasing heads, there is a possibility that the number of wild boars could increase slowly in the coming years.

The goal of this paper was to determine the effect of daily production level of primiparous Holstein cows kept on dairy cattle farms in Eastern Croatia on response to heat stress conditions (THI threshold). In order to do this, individual test-day records with data on ambient temperature and relative humidity in the barns were analysed. The data were collected in regular milk recording from 2006-2012. The THI threshold values for daily milk yield were determined by least square analyses of variance for each given THI value (from 68 to 72) using the PROC MIXED (SAS). Low-producing cows experienced significant drop at THI=68, while in high-producing primiparous Holsteins the first significant drop in daily milk yield was observed when THI=69. Also, the amount of daily production drop depended on the cow's production level (0.155-0.256 kg/day in high-producing; 0.319-0.460 kg/day in low-producing). It could be concluded that the response of primiparous Holstein cows kept in Eastern Croatia to heat stress conditions depends on daily production level.

On the 21st of February 2003 Croatia submitted a request for membership in the European Union, thus starting a long process of preparation and negotiations on accession to the EU. A number of decisions that define the structure for negotiations were adopted in the period to follow. The Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Rural Development was defined as responsible for Chapter 11, 12 and 13. Croatia's key negotiating requests concerned the determination of amount of financial envelope for direct payments, the terms of application and financing of the direct payments and the determination of production quotas. The overall process of accession negotiations was completed at the meeting of the Intergovernmental Conference on Croatian accession to the European Union on 30 June 2011. The financial envelope for direct payments determined on the basis of statistical data about the agricultural production realized and resource utilized in the defined reference period was set to 373 million Euros per year. Also, since 2014, Croatia could use the EU budget for Rural Development in the amount of 333 million Euros per year (additionally including national budget funds). Finally, the EU provides the legal framework and financial ability, but whether and how the funds will be used depends on the Member State.