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Starting from the basic principles of sentence structure and its constituents - the predicate and its complements, the primary task of this paper was to develop the traditional binary syntactic relation regent - dependent. One of the most important results of this research was to provide criteria for a hierarchy of valence units, by respecting regularities in the correlation between syntactic and semantic plan of the sentence, which is a god starting point for establishing a hierarchy of basic syntactic units. In this paper, we pointed out that it is necessary to distinguish the structural core and the semantic core, the central core and the peripheral core of the sentence or phrase. Moreover, the complements were classified with regard to the type of connection with their regent, so that we distinguished specific, typical and atypical complements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]