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INTRODUCTION: Aminoglycosides are used in gram-negative bacterial infection and are frequently used against Enterobacteriaceae and nonfermentative bacteria. Recently, increased resistance to aminoglycosides has been observed. In this study, we aimed to see aminoglycoside resistance in Enterobacteriacea and nonfermentative bacteria and the effectiveness of aminoglycosides in carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriacea isolates. METHODS: Aminoglycoside resistance rates of 4076 Enterobacteriaceae and 1252 nonfermentative bacteria isolated from various clinical samples sent to microbiology laboratory between November 2015 and September 2016 were investigated. The identification of bacteria was made at the species level with the Vitek MS automated system. RESULTS: The total resistance rate in enterobacteriaceae isolates was found to be 2.72% for amikacin and 17.44% for gentamicin. In Enterobacteriaceae group, resistance to 1.13% gentamicin was found against Escherichia coli (E.coli) (56%) and 16.08% against amikacin. For Klebsiella (25.7%) isolates, amikacin was 5.91% and gentamic was 26.04%. Among nonfermentatives, amicacin was determined as 46%, gentamicin 76%, netilmicin 55% and tobramycin 40.8% in Acinetobacter species. In Pseudomonas strains, amikacin was 4.97%, gentamicin was 14.3%, netilmicin was 27.3%, and tobramycin resistance rate was 7.74%. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Amikacin was found to be more sensitive than gentamicin in Enterobacteriaceae isolates. In nonfermantative bacteria, it was found that the most sensitive aminoglycoside in the Acinetobacter isolates was tobramycin, and the most sensitive aminoglycoside in the Pseudomonas isolates was amikacin. In carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains, amikacin was found to be more sensitive than gentamicin.

INTRODUCTION: In this study, we aimed to investigate antituberculosis drug susceptibility of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates, between 2014 and 2017 retrospectively. METHODS: The specimens from patientswith a pre-diagnosis of tuberculosis were stained with Ehrlich-Ziehl-Neelsen method and evaluated microscopically. After then, specimens were inoculated onto Löwenstein-Jensen medium and BACTEC MGIT 960 (Becton Dickinson, USA) automated culture system. If bacterial growth was detected, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex typing was done and antituberculosis drug susceptibilities for streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol were tested at BACTEC MGIT 960 (Becton Dickinson, USA). RESULTS: Totally 78 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates were enrolled in the study. A single strain for each patient was taken to the study. Resistance rates of isoniazid, streptomycin and ethambutol were determined as 1.2%, 8.9% and 1.2%, respectively and no resistance to rifampicin was detected. 82% of the isolates were susceptible to all drugs and the highest resistance among antimycobacterial drugs was determined for streptomycin. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The single drug resistance that determined in our study was lower than 2017 tuberculosis report however it is known that there might have been differences between the regions.