16 results
Search Results
2. Macroeconomic Effects of Trade Tariffs: A Case Study of the U.S.-China Trade War Effects on the Economy of the United States.
- Author
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Žemaitytė, Sandra and Urbšienė, Laimutė
- Subjects
UNITED States economy ,CHINA-United States relations ,INTERNATIONAL trade disputes ,ECONOMIC impact ,BALANCE of trade - Abstract
This paper explores the macroeconomic effects of trade tariffs in the context of the recent trade conflict between the United States and China. The focus is laid on two trade war scenarios, and one of them takes into account the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global trade flows. After deploying the partial equilibrium SMART model, the authors conclude that solely due to the trade war with China, in 2020, the US total trade balance will improve by 41,020 million USD (0.21% of real GDP), while 43,777 million USD (0.22% of real GDP) of the US imports will have to be sourced from other countries. The US trade intensity with China and welfare will decline. However, our study has found that the potential economic consequences of COVID-19 will reduce the relative effects of the trade war. The study has revealed that the United States economy will benefit from the trade war, which can be explained by a relatively weak China's retaliatory response. Nevertheless, the US agriculture and automotive sectors will suffer most. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The Collective Imagination and the Limitations for the Tianxia to Replace the Westphalian World Order.
- Author
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Česnakas, Giedrius
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL organization ,IMAGINATION ,HUMAN behavior ,IDEA (Philosophy) ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,POLITICAL community - Abstract
Copyright of Politologija is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Beyond the Moral Domain: The Normative Sense Among the Chinese.
- Author
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Berniūnas, Renatas, Silius, Vytis, and Dranseika, Vilius
- Subjects
FAMILY values ,MODERN society ,ETHICS ,TRUTH ,CHINESE people - Abstract
Copyright of Psychology / Psichologija is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. EVIDENCE OF REVERSE BRAIN DRAIN IN SELECTED ASIAN COUNTRIES: HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT LESSONS FOR MALAYSIA.
- Author
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Ismail, Maimunah, Kunasegaran, Mageswari, and Rasdi, Roziah Mohd
- Subjects
BRAIN drain ,INNOVATION adoption ,PERSONNEL management ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
Reverse brain drain (RBD) is a fertile area to examine in the inter-countries movement of professionals. The basic idea of RBD is that the professionals who migrated to the industrialized nations represent potential human resources for the socioeconomic development of their home countries. It is argued that every 'brain drain' is a potential 'brain gain' for a country. However, there is inconclusive evidence on the best practices of RBD that may become lessons for any country to adopt in tapping the valuable experiences of the intellectual elites. Using 'human capital theory' and 'diffusion of innovation theory', this conceptual paper specifically aims i) to illustrate evidence of the best practices of RBD in selected Asian developing countries of South Korea, Taiwan, China, and India that have commended track records in dealing with RBD; and ii) to suggest strategies for Malaysia, which is a beginner in developing the RBD programs, to adopt the best practices as experienced by the selected countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Determinants of Bilateral Trade Balance Between Georgia and China.
- Author
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Dilanchiev, Azer and Taktakishvili, Tengiz
- Subjects
BALANCE of trade ,BILATERAL trade ,FOREIGN exchange rates ,MONEY supply ,FREE trade ,SHORT selling (Securities) - Abstract
This paper aims to empirically examine the drivers of the bilateral balance of the trade model for the Georgian-Chinese economy from 2000 to 2020 and the influence of the Georgia-China free trade agreement on the Georgian-Chinese balance of trade. The Error Correction Model (ECM) of the ARDL was used to see if the balance of trade and its predictors have a long-term relationship. One of the ARDL's defining properties is that it may be utilized in circumstances when there is minimal data, regardless of the level of variable integration. According to the findings, a perceived effective exchange rate has a statistically significant positive impact on the balance of trade in the long run and a statistically significant negative impact on the balance of trade in the short run. The output is shaped to favor the presence of the elasticity attitude's J-Curve impact. The study also found that the comparative supply of money (MS) and GDP have only a minor impact on the trade balance in the medium and long run. The sponging and monetary methods are ineffective in characterizing the bilateral trade deficit between Georgia and China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. STATE OWNERSHIP AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM CHINESE LISTED FIRMS.
- Author
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Trien Le and Chizema, Amon
- Subjects
GOVERNMENT ownership ,PERFORMANCE standards ,ASSETS (Accounting) ,INVESTORS ,EXECUTIVES - Abstract
Based on a sample of Chinese listed firms, this paper seeks to understand the role of state ownership on firm performance (accounting-based returns) and firm value (market-based indicators). Results show that state ownership is positively associated with firm performance. In addition, state ownership has a moderating effect on the association between firm performance and firm value. At low levels of state ownership, firm performance is negatively associated with firm value. However, at high levels of state ownership, the association becomes positive. Drawing on signaling theory, the study helps to understand the role of state ownership in the association between firm performance and firm value, an area that has received minimum attention in research. Specifically, state ownership may be a strategic asset for Chinese listed firms boosting accounting returns but perceived differently by the market. Given the current levels of state ownership in many transitional economies, this study sheds light for policy makers on the effects of high or low levels of state ownership on firm performance and value. Moreover, the study may assist would-be investors who may contemplate investing in privatized SOEs, in China or other countries with similar institutional arrangements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. A CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF CULTURAL DISTANCE, MNC SUBSIDIARY ROLES, AND KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER IN CHINA-BASED SUBSIDIARIES.
- Author
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Qin, Cindy, Ramburuth, Prem, and Yue Wang
- Subjects
KNOWLEDGE transfer ,INTERNATIONAL business enterprises ,STRATEGIC planning ,CROSS-cultural studies ,CORPORATE headquarters - Abstract
This conceptual paper seeks to review the literature on international strategic management, examine the trilateral interactive relations among national culture, subsidiary strategic context and knowledge transfer between China-based subsidiaries and their headquarters. Based on the Resource-Based View (RBV), cross-cultural management theories and other studies of international strategic management, we propose a conceptual model for understanding the interaction between cultural distance and subsidiary strategic context in the knowledge transfer process within MNCs, and ultimately the impact on the performance of subsidiaries. Drawing foundational support from this new model, we explore implications for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Effects of Energy Consumption on GDP: New Evidence of 24 Countries on Their Natural Resources and Production of Electricity.
- Author
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Khan, Rabnawaz and YuSheng Kong
- Subjects
NATURAL resources ,ENERGY consumption ,GROSS domestic product ,FOSSIL fuels ,ENERGY development - Abstract
Because of rapid economic expansion, China, the USA, and India have become the largest energy producers and sources of CO2 emissions in the world. They burned over 45% of global fuels in 2016. Meanwhile, the developing strategies of 24 polluted states to decrease fossil energy consumption without additional economic output. This paper explores the effect of world top polluted countries' CO2 emission, their GDP and production of electricity by potential indicators and identifies the basic factors that contribute to changes in an environment where petroleum, natural gas, coal, nuclear, biomass, and other renewable energy and hydroelectric sources are examined with GDP per capita. We estimate our data for the period from 1968 to 2017 and use the GLM model. The results show that more production of electricity is causing abnormal CO2 emissions. The Granger causality test shows that there is a unidirectional relationship between energy consumption and economic advancement. Also, there is a short-run bidirectional causality that exists among the energy indicators. We find a unilateral causality between energy consumption and economic growth. Therefore, the consumption of energy might be conductive of 24 (polluted) countries and better economic development; the consumption of energy may be failsafe and guaranteed, while we should limit the resources of countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Entrepreneurial Climate in India, China and the USA.
- Author
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S., Mahalakshmi, S., Thiyagarajan, Sodhi, Ranbir Singh, and G., Naresh
- Subjects
EXPLORATORY factor analysis ,CONFIRMATORY factor analysis ,STANDARD of living - Abstract
Entrepreneurship plays a vital role in the process of wealth creation and improving the standard of living of the people through large-scale employment generation. So this study aims to identify the critical factors among the entrepreneurial framework conditions (EFC) and entrepreneurial behaviour and attitudes (EBAA) in enhancing the entrepreneurship climate in the United States of America (USA), China and India. The data for the study is collected from GEM (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) on EBAA and EFC. Exploratory factor analysis was attempted initially to reduce the EBAA and EFC data into manageable factors. Further, confirmatory factor analysis was attempted to cross-validate the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The Impact of Perceived Procedural Justice on Dimensions of Customer Citizenship Behaviours: The Mediating Effect of Customer Perceived Support.
- Author
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Ali, Ahmed Hassaan and Jing Song
- Subjects
PROCEDURAL justice ,CONSUMERS ,ORGANIZATIONAL citizenship behavior ,CITIZENSHIP ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,SERVICE industries - Abstract
The present study examines the influence of perceived procedural justice (PPJ) on four fundamental dimensions of customer citizenship behaviours (helping other customers, advocacy, customer tolerance, and feedback) and the mediating role of customer perceived support (CPS). Our research setting is the smartphone after-sales service sector in China. Structural equation modeling (SEM) using AMOS is employed to empirically test our hypotheses on the basis of survey data from 368 smartphone customers. We find that PPJ significantly contributes to the customer citizenship behaviours of helping other customers, advocacy, and feedback. Surprisingly, we do not find a significant relationship between PPJ and customer tolerance. Our evidence indicates that CPS partially mediates the relationships between PPJ and helping other customers, advocacy, and feedback, but fully mediates the effect of PPJ on customer tolerance. This research contributes to managers' understanding of how voluntary behaviours can be effectively managed by enhancing PPJ and CPS. Further, it enriches our theoretical understanding of key antecedents of customer citizenship behaviours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. COMPARISON OF PREMIUMS OF CHINESE AND EUROPEAN COMPANIES IN MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS IN EUROPE.
- Author
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Urbšienė, Laimutė, Nemunaitytė, Viktorija, and Zatulinas, Artūras
- Subjects
MERGERS & acquisitions ,CORPORATE finance - Abstract
The goal of the study is to analyse whether Chinese Mainland companies were paying higher premiums for similar target companies in Europe in comparison with Europe-based companies during the period of 2000-2013. To determine the difference between premiums paid by Chinese and European companies, two samples were analysed: one represented all Chinese acquisitions in Europe which matched the set criteria, another included comparable European targets acquired by European companies. Quantitative research methods were applied to measure statistical difference in the premiums of the two samples. Results of the research indicate that the average premiums paid by Chinese companies are double the size of the European acquisition premiums for the similar target company in Europe. Significant evidence suggests that premiums of Chinese and European companies for similar targets in Europe are not equal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. AMERICAN AND CHINESE THINKING STYLES: ATTITUDE EFFECTS ON HOLISTIC AND ATTRIBUTE ADS.
- Author
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Liang, Beichen and Cherian, Joseph
- Subjects
ADVERTISING ,CONSUMERS ,CROSS-cultural differences - Abstract
American (i.e., Western) thinking favors the analytic style, focusing on the focal object and internal attributes; Chinese (i.e., Eastern) thinking favors the holistic style, paying attention to the context and whole system. This research investigates whether such holistic and analytic thinking styles affect attitudes towards holistic ads which contain many types of information (availability, price, company, etc.) and attribute ads which contain only one type of information (product feature). The first study showed that (i) American consumers prefer attribute ads more than Chinese consumers do; (ii) both American and Chinese consumers prefer holistic ads more than attribute ads; and both prefer the holistic ads equally well. The second study showed that the impact of cultural differences in thinking styles on ad attitudes were not influenced by thinking speed - whether the thinking was fast and automatic or whether the thinking was slow and effortful. The stable and verifiable managerial implication is that ad content in the East and West, in the US and China must include more, diverse information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. TECHNOLOGY CAPABILITY AND THE INTERNATIONALIZATION STRATEGIES OF NEW VENTURES.
- Author
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Huan Zou, Xiaohui Liu, and Ghauri, Pervez
- Subjects
VENTURE capital ,NEW business enterprises ,HIGH technology ,STRATEGIC planning ,GLOBALIZATION ,HIGH technology industries ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,EMERGING markets ,TRANSITION economies - Abstract
This study investigates the impact of technological capability and the combination of technological capability, networking capability and financial capital on growth strategies adopted by new ventures in China. Technological capability needs leveraging through the process of combining with other capabilities. The results show that the interaction between technological capability and networking capability increases the possibility that a new venture chooses an internationalisation strategy. Technology capability provides a base to allow networks to have a positive impact on internationalisation strategies. The findings from the study provide a better understanding of technology capability and its impact on internationalisation strategies. This study also generates some important implications for high-tech new ventures in emerging economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Talent (cai) as an object of philosophical and anthropological investigation in traditional China.
- Author
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Poškaitė, Loreta
- Subjects
CREATIVE ability ,CONFUCIANISM ,SCHOOL of logicians (Chinese philosophy) ,CONFUCIANISTS ,LEGALISM (Chinese philosophy) ,CHINESE philosophy - Abstract
This article deals with the treatment of human talent (cai) in pre-imperial and early imperial China and concentrates on its relationship with other Chinese philosophical and anthropological concepts and the general cultural context. On the one hand, it analyses the moral meaning of talent, discussing its relationship with the concept of xian (the worthy) in Classical Confucianism, and on the other hand it analyses its relationship with the concept of de (virtue) as it was treated from Classical Confucianism and Legalism to the Six Dynasties. The latter analysis is based mainly on books by Xu Gan Zhong lun (Balanced Discources) and Liu Shao Renwuzhi (The Study of Human Abilities), paying special attention to the infiltration of the Legalist understanding of cai into those books. The second problem discussed here is the relationship of cai and human nature (xing). The author argues that the discussions concerning human resources or talent in pre-imperial and early imperial China were inseparable from the anthropological and philosophical thinking on human nature and from the resolution of political problems. The understanding of human resources in China had from the very beginning a strong motivation for applicability in the political sphere, and this was a contribution not only of Confucian thinkers, but also by the schools of Legalists, Logicians (or School of Names), and Dialecticians (or School of Yin-yang). This could be the reason why the Chinese avoided the mystification, essentialisation and romanticisation of human talent, as happened in Western culture (especially with the titanism of the Renaissance and beyond). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. A palace for those who have eyes to see:Preliminary remarks on the symbolic geographyof Reting (Rwa-sgreng).
- Author
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Roesler, Ulrike
- Subjects
MOUNTAIN gods ,BUDDHIST monasteries ,BODHISATTVAS ,BKA'-gdams-pa (Sect) ,AVALOKITESVARA (Buddhist deity) ,BUDDHIST sects ,BUDDHIST gods - Abstract
An important feature in Tibetan 'constructions of place' is the cult of mountain gods, in which a central mountain is venerated as the lord of the surrounding territory and the people living in his realm. In the present study, it is not a mountain god, but a newly founded Buddhist monastery that assumes the central position and thereby the notions of centrality and royal power: Rwa-sgreng, the first monastic seat of the bKa'-gdams-pa school. 'Brom-ston, the founder of the school, is described as the heir of a highly symbolical legacy, since he comes to be regarded as an incarnation of Tibet's first Buddhist king, Srong-btsan sgam-po, and as a manifestation of Avalokiteśvara, the Bodhisattva of compassion. Through this literary construction of place in space and in time, the significance of the bKa'-gdams-pa school itself is re-assessed and amplified.The sources discussed here exhibit slightly different attitudes: The earliest work, a biography of 'Brom-ston, describes the landscape as a natural ma??ala with auspicious features. The slightly later 'Book of the bKa'-gdams [tradition]' shifts to a 'pure vision' of the place and identifies 'Brom-ston with King Srong-btsan sgam-po and Avalokiteśvara. The last work is a pilgrimage guide that gives practical advice for visitors. An unexpected feature in this work is the notion of evil influences ascribed to certain places, slightly undermining the success of the appropriation of the site by the Buddhist tradition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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