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Purpose: Because no study has evaluated the postoperative pain caused by the shape of dental implants, this study compared the level of postoperative pain between tapered and cylindrical implants inserted in the posterior region of the maxilla., Materials and Methods: The study was designed as a double-blinded randomized clinical trial and conducted in 50 healthy patients 20 to 60 years old who were edentulous in the posterior maxilla and were candidates for single implantation. All patients had the same surgical difficulty with appropriate bone width and height. BioHorizons (Birmingham, AL) implants (tapered vs cylindrical) with 4.5-mm platform diameter were randomly selected for each group. The visual analog scale was used to evaluate the level of pain. Pain severity in each group was measured at 30-minute, 3-hour, 6-hour, 12-hour, 24-hour, 2-day, 3-day, and 1-week intervals. The predictor variable was implant shape and the outcome was postoperative pain severity. Data were statistically analyzed with SPPS 16 (SPSS, Inc, Chicago, IL) at the significance level of a P value less than .05., Results: Fifty patients (n = 25 per group) with the mean age of 43.7 ± 10.9 years were included in this study. The pain level in the 2 groups reached its maximum at the 6-hour postoperative interval. Pain severity decreased significantly over time in the 2 implant groups (P < .001). Severities of postoperative pain in the tapered group at 3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-hour intervals were statistically lower than those in the cylindrical group (P < .05)., Conclusions: Implant shape had an impact on postoperative pain. It can be concluded that tapered implants lead to less postoperative pain compared with cylindrical ones., (Copyright © 2019 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate and determine the relations between mandibular third molar (M3) impaction types and mandibular angle and condylar fractures., Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in patients with mandibular angle and condylar fractures referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the Shahid Kamyab Hospital (Mashhad, Iran) from 2013 to 2018. Data sources were patients' hospital documents and panoramic radiographs. Predictor variables were the presence and position of impacted M3s. The Pell-Gregory classification was used to identify the horizontal and vertical positions of impaction. The impaction angulation was determined using the Schiller classification. Outcome variables were the presence of angle and condylar fractures. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY) and χ 2 and Fisher exact tests., Results: The study sample consisted of 117 patients (63.2% with condylar fractures, 30.8% with angle fractures, and 6% with concomitant fractures of the condyle and angle). Most patients (88.9%) with angle fracture had impacted M3s; however, impacted M3s were absent in 59.5% of condylar fracture cases. Mesioangular and vertical positions were the most prevalent impaction angulation types in patients with mandibular angle fracture. Classes II and B were the most frequent horizontal and vertical impaction types, respectively, according to the Pell-Gregory classification. There was a statistically significant difference between fracture site and the presence or absence of impacted M3s (P < .001). Moreover, a significant relation was observed between horizontal impaction type and fracture site in patients with impacted M3s (P = .001)., Conclusions: The presence of impacted M3s increased the risk of angle fractures and simultaneously decreased the risk of condylar fractures. Fractures of the angle region were more commonly seen in patients with superficially impacted (vs deeply impacted) M3s., (Copyright © 2018 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a multifactorial and lethal inflammatory demyelinating neuronal disorder with concurrent polyradiculopathy and polyneuropathy presentations. This rare syndrome affects the peripheral nerve myelin sheath and is characterized by ascending muscle weakness and paralysis. There have been rare reports of GBS after head or brachial plexus trauma, general anesthesia, neurosurgery, orthopedic surgery, cesarean section, laparoscopy, and general surgery, and the occurrence of GBS after oral and maxillofacial surgery is not common. A review of the related literature and a new case of GBS after maxillofacial surgery are presented., (Copyright © 2016 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)