1. Multiple autoimmunity, type 1 diabetes (T1DM), autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid cancer: is there an association? A case report and literature review
- Author
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Kyriaki Karavanaki, Marinella Tzanela, Alexandra Soldatou, Kostas Kakleas, Christina Karayianni, Asteroula Papathanasiou, Triantafyllia Sdogou, Ioannis Vassiliou, Charalambos Tsentidis, Maria Kostaki, Marina Vakaki, Stathis Tsitsopoulos, and Dimitra Kallinikou
- Subjects
Male ,endocrine system ,Adolescent ,endocrine system diseases ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Autoimmunity ,Disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Thyroiditis ,Autoimmune Diseases ,Autoimmune thyroiditis ,Endocrinology ,Thyroid peroxidase ,Humans ,Medicine ,Thyroid Neoplasms ,Thyroid cancer ,Autoantibodies ,Type 1 diabetes ,biology ,business.industry ,Thyroiditis, Autoimmune ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,medicine.disease ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Thyroglobulin ,business - Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by selective autoimmune destruction of pancreatic b-cells, resulting in insulin deficiency. Associated autoimmune disorders, such as celiac disease, autoimmune thyroiditis, and gastritis, can coexist in patients with T1DM. These disorders are characterized by the presence of antibodies against tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG-IgA), thyroglobulin, and thyroid peroxidase (anti-TG, anti-TPO), as well as antibodies against gastric parietal cells. Children with T1DM may also develop organ-specific multiple autoimmunity, with the coexistence of one or more autoimmune disorders. Furthermore, there is a lot of controversy regarding the role of thyroid autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer. We present a child with T1DM and multiple autoimmunity including autoimmune Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), who developed thyroid cancer. The literature on the prevalence of associated autoimmunity in children with T1DM and the prevalence, pathogenesis, and timely diagnosis of thyroid cancer among patients with HT is also reviewed.
- Published
- 2014
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