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ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare clinical results of immediate and early loading (EL) self-tapping implants placed in posterior mandibles. Material and methodsTwelve patients with bilateral edentulous posterior mandibular were randomly assigned to treatment either with immediate (test) or early loaded implants (control). Seventy-two self-tapping implants with SLA surface (O 4, 1/4, 8mm; length 8 and 10mm) were analyzed in this study. Test implants (36) were loaded on the day of surgery and control implants 6weeks later. The measuring of implant stability quotient (ISQ) was performed on 0, 6th, 12th, and 52nd week after implant insertion. The bone resorption, modified plaque, and bleeding index were notified at 1 and 5years later. ResultsAfter 5years, survival in the both groups was 100%. The mean value of primary implant stability was 76.920.79 ISQ. In the first 6weeks, ISQ values significantly increased in the test group (77.92 +/- 1.16 vs. 79.61 +/- 0.90) as well as in the control group (7.92 +/- 1.05 vs. 77.55 +/- 0.99). A significant longitudinal increase in ISQ value was recorded in test and control group. The differences between immediate and early loaded implants were statistically insignificant (P>0.05). At the 5years, no statistically significant differences were found between immediate and early loaded implants with respect to mean crestal bone loss measurements (0.4 +/- 0.24 vs. 0.8 +/- 0.15mm), mean bleeding index (0.22 +/- 0.11 vs. 0.25 +/- 0.11), and mean plaque index (0.17 +/- 0.15 vs. 0.19 +/- 0.20). ConclusionBased on these results, the self-tapping implants inserted in posterior mandible can provide adequate primary stability value as the main factor for immediate and EL protocol.

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare clinical results of immediate and early loading (EL) self-tapping implants placed in posterior mandibles. Material and methodsTwelve patients with bilateral edentulous posterior mandibular were randomly assigned to treatment either with immediate (test) or early loaded implants (control). Seventy-two self-tapping implants with SLA surface (O 4, 1/4, 8mm; length 8 and 10mm) were analyzed in this study. Test implants (36) were loaded on the day of surgery and control implants 6weeks later. The measuring of implant stability quotient (ISQ) was performed on 0, 6th, 12th, and 52nd week after implant insertion. The bone resorption, modified plaque, and bleeding index were notified at 1 and 5years later. ResultsAfter 5years, survival in the both groups was 100%. The mean value of primary implant stability was 76.920.79 ISQ. In the first 6weeks, ISQ values significantly increased in the test group (77.92 +/- 1.16 vs. 79.61 +/- 0.90) as well as in the control group (7.92 +/- 1.05 vs. 77.55 +/- 0.99). A significant longitudinal increase in ISQ value was recorded in test and control group. The differences between immediate and early loaded implants were statistically insignificant (P>0.05). At the 5years, no statistically significant differences were found between immediate and early loaded implants with respect to mean crestal bone loss measurements (0.4 +/- 0.24 vs. 0.8 +/- 0.15mm), mean bleeding index (0.22 +/- 0.11 vs. 0.25 +/- 0.11), and mean plaque index (0.17 +/- 0.15 vs. 0.19 +/- 0.20). ConclusionBased on these results, the self-tapping implants inserted in posterior mandible can provide adequate primary stability value as the main factor for immediate and EL protocol.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare a newly developed biodegradable polylactide/polyglycolide/N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (PLGA/NMP) membrane with a standard resorbable collagen membrane (RCM) in combination with and without the use of a bone substitute material (deproteinized bovine bone mineral [DBBM]) looking at the proposed tenting effect and bone regeneration. Materials and methods: In five adult German sheepdogs, the mandibular premolars P2, P3, P4, and the molar M1 were bilaterally extracted creating two bony defects on each site. A total of 20 dental implants were inserted and allocated to four different treatment modalities within each dog: PLGA/NMP membrane only (Test 1), PLGA/NMP membrane with DBBM (Test 2), RCM only (negative control), and RCM with DBBM (positive control). A histomorphometric analysis was performed 12 weeks after implantation. For statistical analysis, a Friedman test and subsequently a Wilcoxon signed ranks test were applied. Results: In four out of five PLGA/NMP membrane-treated defects, the membranes had broken into pieces without the support of DBBM. This led to a worse outcome than in the RCM group. In combination with DBBM, both membranes revealed similar amounts of area of bone regeneration and bone-to-implant contact without significant differences. On the level of the third implant thread, the PLGA/NMP membrane induced more horizontal bone formation beyond the graft than the RCM. Conclusion: The newly developed PLGA/NMP membrane performs equally well as the RCM when applied in combination with DBBM. Without bone substitute material, the PLGA/NMP membrane performed worse than the RCM in challenging defects, and therefore, a combination with a bone substitute material is recommended.