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Abstract The increase in wind power‐based microgrids emphasizes the importance of addressing stability challenges during low‐voltage ride‐through (LVRT) events in weak AC grid‐connected doubly fed induction generator systems. Compliance with grid standards, notably LVRT capabilities, is critical as wind power plants integrate increasingly into power systems, raising concerns about generation loss and post‐fault oscillations in microgrids. Previously, researchers have utilized techniques like fuzzy logic, ant colony, and genetic algorithms for static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) tuning to enhance microgrid stability during fault scenarios. This study uses the grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and a novel hybrid GOA‐PSO. On the main grid, the power system is subject to both symmetrical and asymmetrical faults. The proposed novel technique aims to improve LVRT, minimize generation loss during faults, and reduce after‐fault oscillations by optimizing reactive power flow between the point of common coupling and the microgrid while adhering to the LVRT grid code. MATLAB/Simulink is utilized to evaluate the LVRT performance of a 16 MW DFIG‐based microgrid operating in grid‐connected mode. The performance of the GOA‐PSO‐tuned STATCOM is evaluated by comparing it with conventional, PSO, and GOA‐tuned STATCOM in three fault scenarios. The comparison shows that GOA‐PSO‐tuned STATCOM improves grid stability and reliability.

Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex psychological syndrome characterized by persistent difficulties in social interaction, restricted behaviours, speech, and nonverbal communication. The impacts of this disorder and the severity of symptoms vary from person to person. In most cases, symptoms of ASD appear at the age of 2 to 5 and continue throughout adolescence and into adulthood. While this disorder cannot be cured completely, studies have shown that early detection of this syndrome can assist in maintaining the behavioural and psychological development of children. Experts are currently studying various machine learning methods, particularly convolutional neural networks, to expedite the screening process. Convolutional neural networks are considered promising frameworks for the diagnosis of ASD. This study employs different pre‐trained convolutional neural networks such as ResNet34, ResNet50, AlexNet, MobileNetV2, VGG16, and VGG19 to diagnose ASD and compared their performance. Transfer learning was applied to every model included in the study to achieve higher results than the initial models. The proposed ResNet50 model achieved the highest accuracy, 92%, compared to other transfer learning models. The proposed method also outperformed the state‐of‐the‐art models in terms of accuracy and computational cost.

ABSTRACT Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes liver disease, including hepatocellular carcinoma. Controlling viral activity is crucial to reducing complications. Tenofovir may offer benefits over entecavir, but it is unclear if switching from entecavir to tenofovir improves outcomes. This study assesses the clinical impact of switching to tenofovir therapy for chronic HBV infection. Methods Following the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a literature search within the Cochrane Library, PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus for studies of patients with HBV infection who were switched to tenofovir from entecavir or were maintained on entecavir. Both formulations of tenofovir, that is, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and tenofovir alafenamide were included and analyzed in subgroup analysis. Meta‐analyses were performed with RevMan 5.4 using a random‐effects model, with statistical significance set at p

ABSTRACT Introduction Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affects approximately 20% of adults in the United States. Proton pump inhibitors are the first‐line treatment but are associated with long‐term side effects. Endoscopic full‐thickness plication (EFTP) is a minimally invasive alternative that improves the valvular mechanism of the gastroesophageal junction. This meta‐analysis compared EFTP to a sham procedure for the treatment of refractory GERD. Materials and Methods This meta‐analysis followed the Cochrane guidelines and PRISMA standards and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023485506). We searched MEDLINE, Embase, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library through December 2023. Inclusion criteria targeted Randomized controlled trials comparing EFTP with sham procedures for GERD were included. Statistical analyses utilized RevMan with a random‐effects model, and the results were considered significant at p

ABSTRACT Background Racial and ethnic disparities in diagnosis and overall outcomes for HCC are well known. We present updated real‐world data on racial or ethnic differences in LT and post‐LT survival among patients with HCC in a large population‐based database. Methods We used the TriNetX database to retrospectively identify patients who had HCC (ICD‐10 C22.0, C22.8) and underwent LT (CPT codes 47,135, 47,140, 47,140, 47,141, 47,142) from 2012 to 2022 and compared outcomes across racial and ethnic subgroups. Results Majority of the patients were Caucasians (2403/2901, 84.8%), followed by African Americans (267/2901, 9.2%) Hispanic/Asian (231/2901, 7.9%). At follow up of 5 years, we noted no significant difference in mortality between AA and Caucasian patients [HR = 1.087 (95% CI 0.76, 1.56, p = 0.59)] as well as Hispanic/Asian and Caucasian patients [HR = 1.14 (95% CI 0.73, 1.78, p = 0.10)]. Conclusions These results indicate that stringent implementation of policies aimed at ensuring equitable access to LT may contribute to bridging disparities in overall outcomes in HCC.

Key Clinical Message Rudimentary left atrial appendage (LAA) is an extremely rare condition with an unclear association with cerebrovascular events. This case report discusses a patient with an unexplained cerebrovascular accident (CVA), where the diagnosis of rudimentary LAA was made using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and subsequently confirmed by computed tomography angiography (CTA). Abstract Rudimentary left atrial appendage (LAA) is extremely rare. This report presents the case of a 50‐year‐old woman who experienced a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and was found to have a rudimentary LAA. The patient had a history of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and dyslipidemia. An electrocardiogram (ECG) showed sinus rhythm, and Holter monitoring did not detect any atrial fibrillation (AF). Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) were performed to identify the source of cardiac emboli, revealing a rudimentary LAA with no thrombus present.

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess the role of community pharmacists and their perception toward antimicrobial stewardship, in addition to identifying factors influencing their perception and practices in community pharmacy. Methods A cross‐sectional study was carried out among community pharmacists regarding antimicrobial stewardship. Convenience sampling was used to obtain the required sample from a community pharmacy in Baghdad. In total, 381 participants have completed the survey. Results The majority of the participants (85.6%) strongly agreed/agreed that “antimicrobial stewardship programs reduce the problems of antibiotic resistance”; and 85.5% of them strongly agreed/agreed that community pharmacists required adequate training on antibiotics use. In addition, high percent of community pharmacists (88.4%) strongly agreed/agreed that pharmacists have a responsibility to take a prominent role in antimicrobial stewardship programs and infection‐control programs in the health system. The total score of perception was significantly influenced by older age groups, postgraduate degrees, and experience of 6–10 years (p

ABSTRACT Lentil milk–based soft cheese (LBC) is one of the emerging partial substitutes for animal milk‐based cheese. With time, more people want to reduce their meat and dairy intake for ethical, environmental, and chronic health–related concerns. This study focused on the formulation of LBC using milk extracted from green gram (S1 (6.5 g) of proteins), red gram (S2 (5 g) proteins), and black gram (S3 (3.5 g) proteins). All formulated LBC samples were investigated by determining proximate analysis, syneresis, viscosity, texture, color change, storage time, microbial count, and sensory attributes to evaluate the quality during 15 days of storage. The results reported that pH levels decreased for both S1 and S3, while S2 showed an increasing trend from Day 1 to Day 15. Viscosity and syneresis increased from Days 1 to 15 in S1, S2, and S3. Moreover, assessment of storage stability showed significant changes (p

Background A multidisciplinary heart team (HT) approach to patients with complex coronary artery disease has a class IB recommendation, yet there are limited data on adherence to HT treatment recommendations and long‐term clinical follow‐up. The objective of this study was to assess adherence rates to HT recommendations and assess long‐term mortality rates among patients with complex CAD. Methods and Results Six hundred eighty‐four sequential HT cases for complex coronary artery disease from January 2015 to May 2017 were reviewed. After excluding cases with significant comorbid valve disease, baseline characteristics were compared based on HT treatment recommendations: optimal medical therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary artery bypass grafting. Adherence rates were manually extracted, and 5‐year mortality rates were obtained from the Michigan Death Registry. Seventy‐two percent of 405 included patients were men (mean age 66±11 years), with high rates of medical comorbidities. Estimated surgical risk scores were lowest in the coronary artery bypass grafting group. Optimal medical therapy was recommended in 138 patients (34%), percutaneous coronary intervention in 95 (23%), and coronary artery bypass grafting in 172 (42%). Adherence to HT recommendations across groups was high (96%) and did not differ between treatment groups. Over 5 years of follow‐up, there were 119 deaths, resulting in a cumulative mortality rate of 29%. Conclusions In the largest HT cohort in the United States to date, high rates of adherence to HT recommendations were observed among high‐risk patients with coronary artery disease. High rates of adherence to HT recommendations were observed irrespective of treatment group recommendation, suggesting that HT recommendations were individualized and acceptable to both patients and physicians alike.

Abstract Background and Aim Gastric cancer is a health concern and contributes to cancer‐related deaths. Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is a premalignant lesion of gastric cancer. Currently, factors associated with GIM regression are under‐investigated. This study aims to assess the rate of GIM regression and identify factors associated with it. Methods This study was conducted at Medstar Washington Hospital Center. We included patients who had GIM between January 2015 and December 2020. Population was divided into GIM persistence or regression. Data included demographics, esophagogastroduodenoscopy findings, Helicobacter pylori status, and laboratory results. Statistical analyses included Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional models to explore predictors of GIM regression. Results Among 2375 patients, 9.1% had GIM. Notably, 85 patients had GIM regression and 132 patients had persistent GIM. African Americans constituted (75%) of the regression group and (76%) of the persistence group. Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) was noted in 12.9% of the regression group at baseline, and 5.9% at follow‐up; the persistence group showed 11.4% at baseline and 5.3% at follow‐up (P = 0.89). Regression analysis revealed that the presence of PUD was associated with a higher rate of regression (hazard ratio [HR] 2.46, P = 0.013). Smoking status showed lower rates of regression (HR 0.54 and 0.62, P = 0.038 and 0.169). On gastric mapping, African Americans, Hispanics, and individuals of other races/ethnicities displayed lower rates of GIM regression (HR 0.68, 0.78 and 0.69). Conclusion PUD was associated with a higher rate of GIM regression, while smoking showed lower regression rates. Results provide insights into factors influencing GIM regression in African American population and may inform future surveillance and treatment strategies.

Abstract A continuous supply of electricity is necessary to maintain an acceptable standard of life, and the power distribution system's overhead line components play a crucial role in this matter. In Pakistan, identifying defective parts often necessitates human involvement. An unmanned aerial vehicle was used to gather a collection of 10,343 photos to automate this procedure. Using supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods, a number of automated anomaly detection systems were created. Support vector machine, random forest, VGG16, and ResNet50 were used as supervised machine learning models, and a convolutional auto‐encoder was used as the unsupervised machine learning model. VGG16 achieved the best accuracy of 99.00% while random forest achieved the worst accuracy of 72.49%. The convolutional auto‐encoder was successful in distinguishing between normal and abnormal components. The aforementioned machine learning models can be put on unmanned aerial vehicles to immediately identify defective parts.

Abstract Aim Amnesia is a cognitive disorder that may lead to memory loss. Caffeine is a psychoactive substance which have an effect on memory and cognitive functions. This study aimed to assess the association of transient global amnesia (TGA) with dietary intake of caffeine. Methods This cross‐sectional study was conducted on the Sabzevar Persian cohort data of 258 patients with TGA and 520 healthy individuals in Sabzevar, Iran. The Nutritional data were gathered in face‐to‐face interviews using a valid Food Frequency Questionnaire. Different models of logistic regression were used to determine the association between TGA and dietary caffeine intake after adjusting the confounders including age, sex, education, job, marital status, physical activity, BMI, and calorie intake. Results There was no significant difference in terms of dietary calorie intake of (2279.5 ± 757.9 vs. 2365.5 ± 799.5, p = 0.19), protein (70.79 ± 25.27 vs. 72.94 ± 24.83, p = 0.31), fat (59.97 ± 23.79 vs. 60.13 ± 26.38, p = 0.93), carbohydrate (376 ± 134 vs. 393.1 ± 137.8, p = 0.14), and caffeine (196.4 ± 127.9 vs. 186.3 ± 128.5, p = 0.36) between the groups. No significant association was found between TGA and dietary intake of caffeine (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.99–1.01, p = 0.36). The results did not change after adjusting the confounders. Conclusions No significant association was found between TGA and dietary intake of caffeine. Further prospective studies are required to confirm this finding.

Abstract In recent decades, flash floods have become more common because of climate change and are considered a substantial risk for many cities worldwide. This catastrophic natural hazard presents a significant threat to critical infrastructure in urban areas, particularly the power distribution system. As modern societies are much more dependent on electrical energy these days, it is essential and imperative to make existing distribution systems resilient against flash flooding. Although researchers in this area have proposed various algorithms to impart resilience to a distribution system, however, the focus in these works is on wind‐related events such as hurricanes, cyclones, and windstorms. Therefore, here, the spatiotemporal effects of a flash flood on the distribution system are modelled using a grid‐based hydrodynamic model. The evolving line faults are then included in the proposed resilience‐oriented time horizon‐based service restoration model that also considers dynamic load demand, heavy uncertainties related to renewable generation, and interdependence among critical loads. Finally, the resilience of the distribution system's response is assessed using an operational resilience metric. The efficacy of the proposed framework is evaluated on IEEE 33‐bus and 69‐bus systems and the results show that the model provides an efficient restoration solution despite increased complexity caused by varying conditions.

Abstract The evidence of rivaroxaban's pharmacokinetics in obese compared with non‐obese populations remains inconclusive. We aimed to compare the pharmacokinetic profile of rivaroxaban between obese and non‐obese populations under fed state. Participants who met the study's eligibility criteria were assigned into one of two groups: obese (body mass index ≥35 kg/m2) or non‐obese (body mass index 18.5–24.9 kg/m2). A single dose of rivaroxaban 20 mg was orally administered to each participant. Nine blood samples over 48 h, and multiple urine samples over 18 h were collected and analyzed for rivaroxaban concentration using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass detector. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using WinNonlin software. Thirty‐six participants were recruited into the study. No significant changes were observed between obese and non‐obese participants in peak plasma concentration, time to reach peak plasma concentration, area under the plasma concentration–time curve over 48 h or to infinity, elimination rate constant, half‐life, apparent volume of distribution, apparent clearance, and fraction of drug excreted unchanged in urine over 18 h. Rivaroxaban's exposure was similar between the obese and non‐obese subjects, and there were no significant differences in other pharmacokinetic parameters between the two groups. These results suggest that dose adjustment for rivaroxaban is probably unwarranted in the obese population.

Abstract Background Probiotic strains have the potential to modulate immune responses, reduce intestinal inflammation, normalize intestinal mucosal function and decrease allergic reactions. Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of oral probiotic supplements containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans spores on clinical symptoms, haematological factors and immune responses to allergic contact dermatitis in dogs induced by dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). Methods DNCB was injected subcutaneously into the scapular region of 20 healthy adult dogs of both sexes, divided into four groups, to induce experimental allergic contact dermatitis. Dogs in Group 1 received food without probiotics or medication. Oral prednisolone was administered to Group 2 for 30 days at a dosage of 0.25 mg/kg every other day. The dogs in Group 3 were treated with a combination of oral prednisolone and probiotics. The dogs in Group 4 were fed daily with a mixture of 109 B. subtilis and B. coagulans bacteria for 30 days. The immune system responses and related gene expression were analysed in the treated animals. Results The administration of probiotics for 30 days resulted in a reduction in clinical symptoms and duration of wound repair. The probiotics treatment also significantly increased the serum bactericidal effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. It enhanced both the classic and alternative activity of the complement, as well as lysozyme activity. Additionally, the probiotics led to higher total immunoglobulin levels and significant reductions in anti‐trypsin and C‐reactive protein levels. Furthermore, the expression of IgE, induction of interferon‐gamma and IL‐4 genes were also reduced. Conclusions According to the results, B. subtilis and B. coagulans can be further investigated as a viable alternative to corticosteroids in treating allergic contact dermatitis in dogs.

Abstract Aim Nursing competencies are crucial indicators for providing quality and safe care. The lack of international agreement in this field has caused problems in the generalization and application of findings. The purpose of this review is to identify the core competencies necessary for undergraduate nursing students to enter nursing work. Data Sources We conducted a structured search using Scopus, MEDLINE (PubMed), Science Direct, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Review Methods We conducted a scoping review using the methodology recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute, supported by the PAGER framework, and guided by the PRISMA‐ScR Checklist. Inclusion criteria included full‐text articles in English, quantitative and qualitative research related to competencies for undergraduate students or newly graduated nurses, competency assessment, and tool development from 1970 to 2022. We excluded articles related to specific nursing roles, specific contexts, Master's and Ph.D. curricula, hospital work environment competencies, and editorial. Results Out of 15,875 articles, we selected 43 studies, and data analysis with summative content analysis identified five themes named individualized care, professional nursing process, nursing administration, readiness, and professional development. Conclusion Considering the dynamics of competencies and their change with time, experience, and setting, it is necessary to update, localize, and levelling of the proposed competencies based on the culture of each country. Impact These competencies provide a guide for undergraduate nursing curriculum development and offer a framework for both clinical instruction and the evaluation of nursing students.

Abstract The primary objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of ropinirole (ROP) medication given for an extended period following the induction of cognitive decline, oxidative stress, and deterioration of mitochondria in a Wistar rat model by Aβ1–42. This study aimed to examine the neuroprotective efficacy of ROP in a stereotaxis model of AD. The Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups. Group I was considered as a sham, group II served as Aβ‐infusion alone, Group III was Aβ1–42+ ROP (5 mg/kg/i.p.), and Group IV was Aβ1–42+ ROP (10 mg/kg/i.p.). Our research revealed that ROP (10 mg/kg, b.wt.) attenuates the cognitive deficits caused by Aβ1–42‐infused, which also correlates with the barnes maze, where (10 mg/kg, b.w.t.) shows significant improvement in spatial learning and memory. At the same time, ROP was rescued from oxidative damage, decreased lipid peroxidation rates, and inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity caused, demonstrating antioxidant benefits. In addition, a higher dose of ROP restored mitochondrial membrane potential in Aβ1–42 rats. Furthermore, histopathological examination showed that ROP treatment reduced neuronal loss, especially in the hippocampus. We conclude that ROP's protective effects in reducing oxidative stress and modulating mitochondrial function might have a propensity in AD pathogenesis.

Abstract Background and Aim Esophageal squamous papilloma (ESP) is a benign growth in the esophagus with unknown malignant potential. The mechanism underlying ESP formation is unknown, but human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been proposed as a potential etiology. We sought to investigate the clinical characteristic of ESP in our population, review the current literature, and highlight the role of HPV. Methods This is a retrospective case–control study conducted at two referral centers. We selected the ESP population by free‐text search in the pathology department database and selected controls randomly from the general endoscopy population. Immunostains were used to evaluate ESP tissue for HPV. Results Between January 2016 and December 2021, we identified 66 patients with ESP, with a prevalence of 0.72%. ESP patients were younger, with a median age of 52 years (P = 0.021), and more likely African American (34.4 vs 7.5%, P

Abstract Variation in air pressure severely affects the insulation of electric vehicle (EV) motors, hence weakening the reliability of EVs for safe operation. Nomex‐polyimide‐Nomex, a typical insulation material for EV motors, was used to investigate the motor insulation performance under different air pressures. The results show that the partial discharge inception voltage is significantly reduced for EV motors operated at lower air pressures, and the probability of partial discharge (PD) occurrence is increased. The macroscopic results reveal that the active area of the PD expands at low pressure, while the non‐corroded ring appears in the centre. Additionally, although the number and amplitude of the PD increase significantly with decrease in air pressure, the active area of the PD expands and electrical stress on the insulation per unit area increases slowly. Therefore, when the pressure decreased from 60 to 40 kPa, the endurance life does not show a significant downward trend. Furthermore, the dielectric constant and loss of the low‐pressure samples significantly change during the ageing process, which further indicates critical degradation of the insulation. The aforementioned investigations reveal that the air pressure at different altitudes has a significant impact on the performance of insulation materials.

Abstract The flashover strength of epoxy (EP) insulations in the High voltage direct current applications of future energy grids can be improved by tailoring their surface condition. This work aims to improve the DC surface flashover characteristics of EP after being treated with sandpaper of different gradings. Samples with virgin EP and homogenously modified EP considering varying surface roughness (Ra = 0.54, 3.16, 5.24, and 8.35 μm) are prepared. Different experimental characterisations, such as water contact angle, surface intrinsic conductivity, surface voltages, flashover strength, and trap distributions are conducted and evaluated to analyse the difference between virgin and treated EP. Moreover, based on the obtained experimental results of homogenously treated EP and theoretical analysis, the concept of surface functionally graded materials (SFGMs) is put forward. The flashover voltages of homogenously treated EP are augmented significantly compared to virgin EP regardless of the voltage polarity and enhanced by enhancing the surface roughness. The sample TModel‐C with SFGM design shows a 45.02% and 43.75% improvement in the negative and positive flashover voltages than that of the virgin EP. In the end, COMSOL simulations are conducted to justify the experimental findings and to analyse the difference between virgin and modified samples in terms of electric field distribution.

Abstract Rural electrification is a crucial component of meeting sustainable development goals. In Pakistan, load shedding and power outages are frequent. According to the current data, Pakistan is experiencing a shortfall of power between 6000 and 6500 MW. Microgrid technology has the potential to provide a solution to this problem in an efficient and low‐cost manner. This paper proposes the development of a hybrid microgrid system (HMGS) for rural communities. For that purpose, a technological analysis of the HMGS system for rural electrification is performed. Solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind resource‐based renewable energy systems are considered in this work for the electrification of rural areas of Pakistan. A hybrid PV/wind system is designed using MATLAB software. Simulation results show that a 230‐V sinusoidal output voltage has been produced by the proposed model. The advantage of this model is that it minimizes the impact of transients and provides a sinusoidal output waveform.

Abstract Aim ‘Helplessness’ is one of the psychological concepts that exploring nurses' helplessness during the COVID‐19 pandemic can lead to timely intervention and empowerment of nurses. Design Concept development. Methods It was carried out using Schwartz‐Barcott and Kim's hybrid model. Results In the literature review, helplessness is characterized by anxiety symptoms (muscle tension, headache, anorexia and insomnia) and, to some extent, depression (loneliness, guilt, apathy and insensitivity). In the fieldwork, five categories were obtained, including antecedents of helplessness (the nature of the disease, professional responsibility, personal lifestyle disruption and social behaviours), attributes of helplessness (inability to do more for the patient, inability to control the situation, feeling of uselessness, frustration, giving up and uncertainty to continue), consequences of helplessness (increase clinical error, physical manifestations and psychological manifestations), strategies to reduce feelings of helplessness and the difference among helplessness, powerlessness and hopelessness. Conclusion Nurses' helplessness occurs when the nurse has no control over the situation and cannot change it.

Abstract Aim The objective of this study was to validate the Iranian translation and cross‐cultural adaptation of the Student Survey on Writing Nursing Care Plan (SSW‐NCP). Background To provide supporting evidence about the nursing students' skill in planning and documenting nursing care plans based on nursing process, Salvador et al. developed the SSW‐NCP to measure the extent to which nursing students are qualified in writing nursing care plans. However, an Iranian version of the SSW‐NCP is presently not available. Method The cross‐cultural adaptation and linguistic translation of the SSW‐NCP adhered to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The reliability and validity process followed the COSMIN checklist. Results The survey was well translated to Persian language and culturally adapted through confirming the relevancy, appropriateness and logical representation of all aspects on nursing process by bilingual experts and pre‐tested on Persian‐speaking nursing students. The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient (α) and test–retest stability assessing affirmed the reliability, and convergent validity of the adapted survey was confirmed through comparison to Influencing Factors of Nursing Students' Clinical Judgment (IFNSCJ). The adaptation process of the SSW‐NCP resulted in a conceptually equivalent translated version, which is comparable to the original version and is acceptably valid and reliable. Implications for Nursing Management Knowing the proficiency of nursing students as future nurses in writing nursing care plans can provide accurate professional information for better educational and practical level programming and management that can enhance nursing practice. Patient or Public Contribution The target group of survey was nursing students who contributed and participated in the current study.

Abstract Aim Nursing diagnosis is the basis of applying nursing process and evidence‐based care in nursing. This issue has been affected by the gap between theory‐practice in nursing. The attending nursing teachers Project aims to create an organizational link between health care centres and nursing schools, reducing the gap between theory‐practice and empowering nurses to apply nursing diagnosis. Design The present study was part of the second cycle of an action research study conducted in the cardiology ward in 2019–2020. Methods Interventions were performed in the form of Teacher, Patient, Student, Nurse Model to empower nurses in quantity and quality of nursing diagnosis. Results The results indicated a significant increase in the number of nursing diagnoses recorded. Moreover, the qualitative criteria based on PES components were found to have changed significantly after the interventions. Empowering nurses in the form of this Project could suggest that creating proper structures between nursing schools and health care centres, full‐time presence of faculty members in hospitals, and enhancing their roles in these institutes will lead to improvements in educational as well as health care systems.

Abstract The use of traditional medicines has tremendously increased over the past few decades. Approximately 80% of the world's population relies on traditional medicines for their primary healthcare needs because of their cost effectiveness and efficiency with no or minimal side effects. Zootherapy refers to the use of medicines that are prepared or derived from animals or from their products. The current study documented the folk knowledge related to the practice of various animal‐derived products and ethnozoological based drugs used as medicines by the residents of the Cholistan desert of Bahawalpur (Pakistan). In this regard 46 knowledgeable and reliable elderly people, hakims and spiritual healers ranging from 35–60 years of age having knowledge related to zootherapy were included in the current study. A field survey from February 2006 to November 2007 was conducted by interviewing the selected respondents through a structured questionnaire. They provided knowledge regarding the use of animals and their derived products in traditional medicine. The zootherapeutic knowledge was based on both domestic animals as well as wild animals. A total of 20 animal species were included in the study, among which nine animals were domestic while 11 were wild animals. Among selected animals, nine were mammals, four birds, four reptiles and three insects. It was reported that camel was the most commonly used (n = 32 respondents) among mammals while Pigeon (n = 39 respondents), Spiny‐tailed lizard (n = 41 respondents) and Indian honey bee (n = 27 respondents) among birds, reptiles and insects, respectively, have significant use for the treatment of different diseases. Based on this communication we could recommend that this type of abandoned knowledge should be considered for the management and conservation of faunistic resources. However, the advantageous role of animals and their products was reported but more extensive research is required to explore the bioactive constituents in the raw material of these animals responsible for their beneficial effects.

Abstract A fungal biorefinery is presented to valorize food waste to fungal monofilaments with tunable properties for different textile applications. Rhizopus delemar is successfully grown on bread waste and the fibrous cell wall is isolated. A spinnable hydrogel is produced from cell wall by protonation of amino groups of chitosan followed by homogenization and concentration. Fungal hydrogel is wet spun to form fungal monofilaments which underwent post‐treatments to tune the properties. The highest tensile strength of untreated monofilaments is 65 MPa (and 4% elongation at break). The overall highest tensile strength of 140.9 MPa, is achieved by water post‐treatment. Moreover, post‐treatment with 3% glycerol resulted in the highest elongation % at break, i.e., 14%. The uniformity of the monofilaments also increased after the post‐treatments. The obtained monofilaments are compared with commercial fibers using Ashby's plots and potential applications are discussed. The wet spun monofilaments are located in the category of natural fibers in Ashby's plots. After water and glycerol treatments, the properties shifted toward metals and elastomers, respectively. The compatibility of the monofilaments with human skin cells is supported by a biocompatibility assay. These findings demonstrate fungal monofilaments with tunable properties fitting a wide range of sustainable textiles applications.

This paper introduces a new probability distribution called the mixture symmetric gamma (MSG) distribution, which is defined as a mixture of two symmetric gamma distributions. Its statistical properties and applications are explored. We first examine its mathematical properties, including the possible shapes of the corresponding probability density function, as well as the moments, and the moment-generating function. We then look at parameter estimation using various frequentist and Bayesian methods, such as moment estimation, maximum likelihood method, least-squares method, and Bayesian approaches. In addition, the prediction of future observations under the MSG model is extensively covered, considering both frequentist and Bayesian perspectives, including median prediction, best unbiased prediction, and Bayesian prediction. A comprehensive simulation study is conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed estimation and prediction techniques. Finally, the practical applicability of the MSG model is demonstrated through the analysis of four real-world datasets. It is shown to outperform several well-known competing models in terms of goodness-of-fit. The results highlight the inherent simplicity, efficiency, robustness, and intuitive interpretability of the MSG distribution, making it a compelling choice for modeling data with a symmetric pattern, with potential applications in diverse domains.

Abstract People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) appear to be at an increased risk of sarcopenia, which can have a devastating effect on their life due to consequences such as physical disability, poor quality of life, and finally death. This systematic review examined sarcopenia prevalence and its associated factors in PLWH. A systematic search was conducted using the keywords in the online databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane databases from the dates of inception up to May 2022. The retrieved articles underwent a two‐step title/abstract and full‐text review process, and the eligible papers were selected and included in the qualitative synthesis. Data relating to the study population, purpose of study, gender, age, race, body mass index, medical history, paraclinical results and antiretroviral therapy as associated factors of sarcopenia were extracted. In addition, the prevalence of sarcopenia in PLWH and its promoting and reducing factors were also extracted. We reviewed the 14 related studies for identifying of sarcopenia prevalence and its associated factors in PLWH. The total number of PLWH in all the reviewed studies was 2592. There was no criterion for the minimum number of people with HIV and the lowest number of PLWH was 27, and the highest number was 860. Some studies reported a significantly higher prevalence of sarcopenia in HIV‐infected individuals compared with HIV‐negative controls as follows: 24.2–6.7%, 15–4% and 10–6%, respectively. We showed that, age (30–50 years), being female, >5 years post‐HIV diagnosis, multiple vertebral fractures, cocaine/heroin use and lower gamma‐glutamyl transferase level were the main promoting factors of sarcopenia. Higher educational level, employment, physical exercise, calf circumference >31 cm, and gait speed >0.8 m/s were also factors to reduce sarcopenia. Sarcopenia prevalence in PLWH is higher than HIV‐negative population. Given the importance and prevalence of sarcopenia among PLWH and its associated consequences (i.e., mortality and disability), determining its risk factors is of great importance.

Abstract Aim This study was conducted to describe the perceptions of nursing applicants about their chosen profession and to explore the factors which influenced their understanding. Design A qualitative study with a conventional content analysis design. Methods Participants were 19 nursing applicants enrolling in nursing schools in three provinces of western Iran. Data were collected using semi‐structured interviews. The content analysis of the interviews was done according to the steps proposed by Zhang and Wildemuth. Results The mean age of participants was 20 years (SD = 2.5), and 11 of them (57.9%) were females. Participants understood the nature of nursing work to encompass only a limited level of independence; they viewed it as a feminine profession, and as a job with spiritual rewards. The perceived content of nursing work included providing help and patient care in the hospital with a focus on performing procedural tasks. Applicants' perceptions of nurses' characteristics included strong physical endurance, communication skills, emotional strength and low intellectual skills. The professional status of nursing was perceived simultaneously as having high job security but limited potential for career advancement and professional growth. The factors reported to influence applicants' perceptions were related to the media, academic–career counsellors, personal factors, and family and friends.

Key Clinical Message We report a 47‐year‐old man who presented with right‐sided heart failure. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a tunnel‐shaped communication (ventricular septal defect) between the left ventricle and the right ventricle with a significant left‐to‐right shunt. The VSD is connected to the lateral wall of the right ventricle by a large tunnel.

Abstract Background and Aims One of the most common mental disorders among children and adolescent is depression. Some of the conducted studies indicate a too‐high prevalence of depression, which cannot be generalized to the entire country. So the pooled estimation of the results of different studies is very important to reach valid results. So the current study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression among Iranian children and adolescents using an updated systematic review and meta‐analysis. Methods A random‐effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of depression (I2 = 99.7% and Cochran's Q, p

Key clinical message In SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic different disorders in coagulation pathways in COVID‐19 patients were reported. We described a 44‐year‐old female with COVID‐19 and protein C deficiency history. She did not show any coagulation disorder during her disease course. Complete genome sequencing of SARS‐CoV‐2 was performed and some mutations identified and compared with Wuhan strain. Besides hospitalized patients, in COVID‐19 outpatients with low concentration of protein C, early prescription of an anticoagulant such as heparin could be helpful in prevention of venous thromboembolism or pulmonary embolism.

Abstract Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have recently enjoyed rapid development due to their easy fabrication, stable outputs, and wide range of applications. By combining conventional textiles with TENGs, textile‐based TENGs (t‐TENGs) can be employed with wearable devices and smart textiles. The t‐TENGs with a yarn structure, triboelectric yarns, can be directly used to conduct energy conversion and be processed into other energy‐harvesting textile structures due to their lightweight, flexibility, and processability. This review summarizes the research progress in triboelectric yarns. It starts with a systematic discussion of the working mechanism and manufacturing materials of triboelectric yarns. Subsequently, we discuss the four major methods of constructing triboelectric yarns including twisting/wrapping, coating, electrospinning, and other/composite methods. In particular, details about the energy harvesting performance, the triboelectric yarns' physical properties, and weaving/knitting capability are given. Finally, comments and perspectives are provided for the future design of high‐performance triboelectric yarns.

Abstract This paper analyses the impact of square wave pulse voltage deadtime on the partial discharge (PD) and the lifetime of turn‐to‐turn insulation. A bipolar repetitive pulse voltage with a deadtime of 0–10 μs is produced using double half‐bridge solid‐state switches having push–pull technology controlled by a field‐programmable gate array. The mechanism of the discharge process at rising and falling edges of the pulse voltage before and after deadtime is analysed in detail. The discharge amplitude and PD probability at the rising/falling edges of the voltage waveform increase as the deadtime increases from 0 to 10 μs due to the remanent charges. The number of PD and their intensity is higher at the first rising/falling edges of pulse voltage as compared to the second rising/falling edges for all deadtimes 0–10 μs. As the deadtime increases beyond 2 μs, the number of PDs increases and concentrates at a specific phase angle of rising/falling edges. These localise discharges degrade the insulation material and reduce its lifetime. This study helps to identify the inverter‐fed motor insulation faults due to deadtime. It can provide guidelines to motor insulation designers to determine the limit value of deadtime to compensate PD and ensure the safer operation of such motors.

Abstract Introduction Targeted lung cancer screening is effective in reducing lung cancer and all‐cause mortality according to major trials in the United Kingdom and Europe. However, the best ways of implementing screening in local communities requires an understanding of the population the programme will serve. We undertook a study to explore the views of those potentially eligible for, and to identify potential barriers and facilitators to taking part in, lung screening, to inform the development of a feasibility study. Methods Men and women aged 45–70, living in urban and rural Scotland, and either self‐reported people who smoke or who recently quit, were invited to take part in the study via research agency Taylor McKenzie. Eleven men and 14 women took part in three virtual focus groups exploring their views on lung screening. Focus group transcripts were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis, assisted by QSR NVivo. Findings Three overarching themes were identified: (1) Knowledge, awareness and acceptability of lung screening, (2) Barriers and facilitators to screening and (3) Promoting screening and implementation ideas. Participants were largely supportive of lung screening in principle and described the importance of the early detection of cancer. Emotional and psychological concerns as well as system‐level and practical issues were discussed as posing barriers and facilitators to lung screening. Conclusions Understanding the views of people potentially eligible for a lung health check can usefully inform the development of a further study to test the feasibility and acceptability of lung screening in Scotland. Patient or Public Contribution The LUNGSCOT study has convened a patient advisory group to advise on all aspects of study development and implementation. Patient representatives commented on the focus group study design, study materials and ethics application, and two representatives read the focus group transcripts.

Abstract Aim There is a lack of clarity about the components which would signify appropriate psychological strengths among nursing student candidates. This study was conducted to identify such components from the viewpoint of the clinical nurses and nursing instructors. Design A qualitative study. Methods This study comprised qualitative research using a conventional content analysis approach. Participants were 25 nurses and nursing instructors. Data were collected in audio‐recorded and transcribed semi‐structured interviews and were analysed using MAXQDA10 software. Results Analysis revealed four main categories including "anger management," "Stress/distress management," "self‐belief" and "aptitude for hard work." Conclusions This study identified core components for future investigations into the psychological strengths of nursing applicants. This study provides specific testable hypotheses for future research endeavours. It is recommended that the researchers investigate the appropriateness of the components identified in this study to assess the psychological strength of the applicants in the longitudinal studies.

Abstract The ground wire is significantly interfered by the current above 1 μA in the industrial field during the traditional polarisation and depolarisation current (PDC) measurement. This paper explains a method to test PDC from high‐voltage wire using a principle of equipotential picoammeter, which is completely isolated from the ground wire and connected in series with the high voltage wire. In this method, a device is designed with a multi‐range automatic switching function. The device can automatically switch the test range current from 1 pA to 10 mA with a resolution of 1 pA. To demonstrate the device and effectiveness of this new method, the traditional and the proposed new device are used to test the PDC of cable samples in the laboratory as well as in an industrial environment. It is worth noting that there is almost no interference on the Earth wire in the laboratory environment but massive interference in the industrial environment using a traditional method of PDC measurement from ground or Earth wire. The new method of high‐voltage testing can efficiently eliminate the interference and accurately measure PDC in a strong industrial interference environment. Furthermore, the wiring of this new method and device is relatively simple, which is convenient for industrial applications.

Abstract This study was conducted to biosynthesize Fe3O4@Ag nanocomposite with Scenedesmus obliquus extract, and to evaluate its antibacterial potential against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition, the effect of the synthesized nanocomposite on the expression of MexA‐B efflux pump genes was investigated. The Fe3O4@Ag nanocomposite was characterized using X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Dynamic light scattering (DLS) as well as Zeta potential analyses. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the nanocomposite alone and in combination with ciprofloxacin against P. aeruginosa strains was determined. Finally, the expression of MexA‐B efflux pump genes among the bacteria treated with the nanocomposite was evaluated using quantitative real‐time PCR. Based on the results, the proper synthesis of the nanocomposite with the diameter of 40 to 70 nm and acceptable stability was confirmed. The synthesized nanocomposite had lower MIC value (8–64 μg/mL) than ciprofloxacin (64–512 μg/mL) which shows stronger antibacterial potential of the nanocomposite. In addition, treating bacteria with the nanocomposite and ciprofloxacin caused a significant reduction of MexA‐B genes compared to the cells treated with ciprofloxacin or nanocomposite alone. Thus, Fe3O4@Ag nanocomposite can improve the efficacy of ciprofloxacin against P. aeruginosa by reducing the expression of MexA‐B efflux pump genes.

Since the last decade radio frequency (RF) sensing has emerged as an alternative in‐home monitoring and tracking technology because of its inherent device‐free and privacy‐preserved features over camera and wearable technologies. In this work, contrary to conventional radar‐based sensing and WiFi‐based setups which require line‐of‐sight (LoS) to process and collect the RF signals for monitoring, it is shown for the first time in literature the potential of using RF sensing for vitals, that is, heartbeat detection in the non‐line‐of‐sight (NLoS) using an in‐house‐developed reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), that is, wireless on the walls. The developed RIS is the world's first prototype which consists of “4096 elements”. The unit cell elements are individually controlled via PIN diodes, 1‐bit, operating at 3.75 GHz specified for the fifth‐generation (5G) network. Near‐field beam steering is demonstrated, with a switching speed of 15 ms. For the first time in the literature its is demonstrated that RIS can assist in the detection of microactivities including the human heartbeat in NLoS indoor complex environment, a limitation with the existing RF sensing technologies to date. In addition, it is experimentally verified that the RIS can potentially reduce the e‐field magnitude at the user's by regulating the gain at the user terminal.

Abstract Objective The current analysis assessed the economic and clinical burden of treatment‐Resistant Depression (TRD) imposed on the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Kuwait and United Arab Emirates (UAE) from the societal perspective. Methods A Microsoft Excel® based Markov model was developed to estimate the overall burden of disease imposed by TRD across KSA, Kuwait and UAE. Data for the models' adaptation were retrieved from literature and validated by country‐specific key opinion leaders. The cycle length and time horizon used in the model were 4 weeks and 1 year, respectively. Results The study results estimated that at the end of 1‐year time horizon, overall burden imposed by TRD was 3994, 982 and 670 million USD in KSA, Kuwait, and UAE, respectively. This can be attributed to the high cost incurred due to non‐responsive health state (ranging from 44% to 47%). The productivity loss was either the greatest or second greatest component of TRD's burden in the countries of interest (ranging from 32% to 43%). Conclusions TRD represents a large clinical and economic burden on both individual patients and society. Hence, noval and innovative treatments are especially required for the management of TRD patients.

Optoelectronic devices based on optically responsive materials have gained significant attention due to their low cross talk and reduced power consumption. These devices rely on light‐induced changes in conductance states, which are used to create synaptic weights for image recognition tasks in neural networks. However, a major drawback of such devices is the rapid decay of conductance states after light stimulus removal, which hinders their long‐term memory and performance without a continuous external stimulus in place. To address this issue, a platform neural network scheme is proposed to counter the natural decay of conductance in optoelectronic devices. The approach restores the memory effect of the devices and significantly enhances their performance by several orders of magnitude without using additional energy‐intensive techniques like training pulses or gate fields. Herein, the model is validated experimentally using optoelectronic devices fabricated with two different materials, BP and doped In2O3, and demonstrates the restoration of memory/image retention ability to any material system being studied for optoelectronic synapses and vision. This approach has important implications for the practical application of neuromorphic visual processing technologies, bringing them closer to real‐world applications.

Abstract Background Breast cancer is the most commonly detected cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer mortality. Emerging evidence supports that aberrant expression of lncRNAs is correlated with tumor progression and various aspects of tumor development. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the expression pattern of LINC01116 in breast cancer tissues and investigate the impact of LINC01116 on patients' survival. Methods and Results Microarray and qRT‐PCR data analysis were performed, and the KM‐plotter database was used in this study. In addition, the gain of function approach was performed to examine the effect of LINC01116 on breast cancer cells in‐vitro. The results exhibited that LINC01116 is meaningfully upregulated in the ER+ tumor specimens compared to the ER– ones. Also, relative to normal tissues, the expression of LINC01116 in ER+ and ER– tumor tissues significantly increased and decreased, respectively. ROC curve analysis revealed the power of LINC01116 in distinguishing ER+ from ER– samples. Additionally, the Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis showed that the LINC01116 expression positively correlates with survival probability in all as well as ER+ patients. However, this correlation was negative in ER– patients. Furthermore, our results showed that the overexpression of LINC01116 induces TGF‐β signaling in ER– cells (MDA‐MB‐231), and microarray data analysis revealed that LINC01116 is significantly upregulated in 17β‐Estradiol treated MCF7 cells. Conclusion In conclusion, our results suggest that LINC01116 can be a potential biomarker in distinguishing ER+ and ER– tissues and has different effects on patients' survival based on ER status by affecting TGF‐β and ER signaling.

Abstract Congenital heart disease is a risk factor for infective endocarditis (IE). Ventricular septal defects and ventricular outflow tract obstructions are this population's most common causes of endocarditis. We present a patient diagnosed with leukocytoclastic vasculitis, renal, and pulmonary involvement with right‐sided IE as an etiology for vasculitis.

ABSTRACT Importance Effective screening strategies for early‐onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) have the potential to reduce high volume parenteral antibiotics (PAb) usage in neonates. Objective To compare management decisions for EONS, between CG149 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines and those projected through the virtual application of the Kaiser Permanente sepsis risk calculator (SRC) in a level 2 neonatal unit at a district general hospital (DGH). Methods Hospital records were reviewed for maternal and neonatal risk factors for EONS, neonatal clinical examination findings, and microbial culture results for all neonates born at ≥34 weeks’ gestation between February and July 2019, who were (1) managed according to CG149‐NICE guidelines or (2) received PAb within 72 h following birth at a DGH in Winchester, UK. SRC projections were obtained using its virtual risk estimator. Results Sixty infants received PAb within the first 72 h of birth during the study period. Of these, 19 (31.7%) met SRC criteria for antibiotics; 20 (33.3%) met the criteria for enhanced observations and none had culture‐proven sepsis. Based on SRC projections, neonates with ‘≥1 NICE clinical indicator and ≥1 risk factor' were most likely to have a sepsis risk score (SRS) >3. Birth below 37 weeks’ gestation (risk ratio [RR] = 2.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–5.22) and prolonged rupture of membranes (RR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.16–8.48) increased the risk of an SRS >3. Interpretation Screening for EONS on the SRC could potentially reduce PAb usage by 68% in term and near‐term neonates in level 2 neonatal units.

Abstract The 2050 carbon‐neutral vision spawns a novel energy structure revolution, and the construction of the future energy structure is based on equipment innovation. Insulating material, as the core of electrical power equipment and electrified transportation asset, faces unprecedented challenges and opportunities. The goal of carbon neutral and the urgent need for innovation in electric power equipment and electrification assets are first discussed. The engineering challenges constrained by the insulation system in future electric power equipment/devices and electrified transportation assets are investigated. Insulating materials, including intelligent insulating material, high thermal conductivity insulating material, high energy storage density insulating material, extreme environment resistant insulating material, and environmental‐friendly insulating material, are categorised with their scientific issues, opportunities and challenges under the goal of carbon neutrality being discussed. In the context of carbon neutrality, not only improves the understanding of the insulation problems from a macro level, that is, electrical power equipment and electrified transportation asset, but also offers opportunities, remaining issues and challenges from the insulating material level. It is hoped that this paper envisions the challenges regarding design and reliability of insulations in electrical equipment and electric vehicles in the context of policies towards carbon neutrality rules. The authors also hope that this paper can be helpful in future development and research of novel insulating materials, which promote the realisation of the carbon‐neutral vision.

Abstract Objective To measure and visualize aerosol generation during ear, nose, and throat (ENT) exam and flexible laryngoscopy, as safety recommendations are currently to defer routine and low‐priority examinations. Methods Aerosols generated during ENT examination and flexible laryngoscopy were quantified by laser aerosol spectrometry and visualized live by high‐speed imaging during those procedures for three participants who were tested three times for each test. Results Routine ENT examination and flexible laryngoscopy produce aerosols at levels comparable to normal breathing and speech. Conclusion During ENT examination and flexible laryngoscopy, the practitioner should wear a surgical mask and potentially contaminated surfaces should be cleaned after the procedure. For flexible laryngoscopy, it is recommended in addition that the patient wear a mask over the mouth in case the procedure induces a sneeze. The time during which the patient is unmasked should be minimized. In these settings, the risk to the practitioner is minimal unless the patient is sneezing or symptomatic. Level of Evidence 1

Abstract Myristicin is an allylbenzene and a major key constituent of many plant species, such as Myristica fragrans Houtt. (nutmeg), Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (fennel), and Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss (parsley). Their plant parts have been used in traditional medicine and as a flavoring seasoning for cooking but, and as biopesticides with natural compounds. Myristicin has been related with several biological effects, such as anticarcinogenic, anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, analgesic, and hepatoprotective. The traditional uses include the treatment of complications related to gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, and gynecological disorders. However, several studies have been reported contraindications associated to high dose consumption of myristicin. This review summarizes the biological activities of myristicin and myristicin‐rich plants, toxicological effects along with its bioavailability, and metabolism. In addition, their traditional uses and their role as ecological remedy in plants protection has been reviewed. Nutmeg is the myristicin‐rich plant with more pharmacological effects reported but also with most contraindication and toxically reports.

Key Clinical Message Cardiac hydatidosis is a relatively rare complication of echinococcosis. Understanding the atypical manifestations, potential associated risk factors, and epidemiology leads to optimal and timely management. Abstract Cardiac hydatidosis is a relatively rare complication of echinococcosis, with a potentially life‐threatening condition. Here, we reported a large interventricular septal hydatid cyst bulging in the left ventricle accompanied by a huge cervical lamp with recurrent hepatic cysts that underwent cardiac surgery to excise the cyst uneventfully.

Abstract The present study demonstrates a novel miniature planar device by the selective growth of ZnO nanowires for microplasma optical emission gas spectroscopy. Gold electrodes are fabricated on the silicon substrate by thermal evaporation and photolithography process with a 15 μm gap size. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires, are selectively grown on the electrodes without using a seeding layer by a hydrothermal method which is a cost‐effective approach. Growth of vertically aligned ZnO nanowires on electrodes with sharp tips reinforce the field emission enhancement factor which results in lower microplasma generation voltage. The SEM characterizations reveals that ZnO nanowires are grown on electrodes, selectively. The diameter range and length of nanowires vary between 50 and 250 nm and 3 and 5 μm, respectively. Also, the gap distance between electrodes decreases from 15 μm to about 4–10 μm due to the growth of vertically aligned nanowires. The experimental tests are implemented for helium, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide gases at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The results successfully exhibit the characteristic peaks and repeatable responses for all the samples. In addition, the required working voltage for microplasma formation of He, N2, and CO2 reduce 32%, 22%, and 20%, respectively, after ZnO nanowires growth. Besides, the electrodes sputtering rate significantly decreases during the tests due to the thermal stability of ZnO nanowires. According to the device performance, the proposed structure could be a promising candidate for relative low voltage, highly selective and stable optical emission spectroscopy for gas detection applications.