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eTP(embedded touch panel) which provide the highly integration with notebook system design. It re-design the touch panel dimension for industry standardization, the all new design make touch panel glass utilize rate become more effective in the glass cutting process. The eTP architecture integrate the touch panel control board on the LCD PCBA; it can be solve the system control board placement issue and simplification the assembly process. eTP development the touch panel with system cover coplanar design, it provide the slim touch notebook and fluent user touch gesture.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate improvement of the photocatalytic activity of visible-light driven nitrogen-modified TiO2 (N-TiO2) powder toward methyl blue (MB) and direct blue-86 (DB-86) dyes. The Taguchi method with an L9 orthogonal array was applied to plan the synthesis parameters, i.e. nitrogen sources, nitrogen source concentrations, stirring time and calcined temperatures. 95% confirmation experiments were undertaken to verify the effectiveness of the Taguchi method. RESULTS: All N-TiO2 photocatalysts were shifted toward the visible light region with the optical band gap (Eg). Nitrogen source concentrations were significant parameters for the photocatalytic decolorization rate constants (k values). In comparison with pure TiO2, the photodecolorization behavior of N-TiO2 toward DB-86 was superior with a reaction rate constant of 1.68 × 10−3 min−1, and a 4 h photodecolorization efficiency of 34%. CONCLUSION: The Taguchi method was reported to alter the surface properties of commercial Degussa P25 TiO2, which could then be used as a visible-light driven photocatalyst. The visible-light-driven photocatalyst was investigated to determine material characteristics. Greater photodecolorization of MB and DB-86 dye pollutants using optimally-prepared N-TiO2 under visible light irradiation was successfully obtained. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry

A thin layer of poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (pNIPAAm) was synthesized in situ on the surface of hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane. This thin layer exhibited both pH response due to the poly(acrylic acid) moiety and temperature response due to the pNIPAAm moiety. The swelling behavior of the membranes was evaluated under various temperatures and pH. The curve of the swelling ratio for the PAN-NIPAAm showed a lower critical solution temperature. Then, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was loaded into the pNIPAAm layer. The effects of CLA on the blood coagulation and oxidative stress were evaluated with the use of human blood. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by the chemiluminescence (CL) method to evaluate the oxidative stress. Furthermore, the removal of bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) by CLA-loaded PAN-NIPAAm was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results show that the LCST swelling curve was at 37°C. PNIPAAm chains form expanded structures under 37°C. At temperatures greater than 37°C, however, the chains form compact structures by dehydration. This makes PNIPAAM membrane due to rapid hydration and dehydration changes of the polymer chain. In addition, the swelling ratio increased by 71% when the pH increased from 5 to 10. The concentration of LPS can be reduced by CLA-loaded PAN-NIPAAm 2.1 and 1.2 times of that by unmodified PAN and PAN-NIPAAm membranes, respectively. In addition, the level of ROS against CLA-loaded PAN-NIPAAm was reduced significantly than that against unmodified PAN and PAN-NIPAAm. Therefore CLA-loaded PAN-NIPAAm membrane could offer protection for patients against oxidative stress and could also inhibit lipopolysaccharide for clinical applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was covalently bonded onto the surface of a polysulfone (PSF) membrane via esterification. The surface was characterized with contact angle measurement and FT-IR spectrometery. The capability of bonded CLA on the suppression of oxidative stress was evaluated. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by the chemiluminescence (CL) method to evaluate the oxidative stress. Furthermore, the removal of bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) by CLA-bonding PSF was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The reduction in the platelet adhesion on the PSF surface was evaluated using a SF-3000 automated hematology analyzer. The result indicates that CLA-bonding PSF can reduce the adhesion of platelets by 73%. The concentration of LPS can be reduced by CLA-bonding PSF 1.6 times more than unmodified PSF membrane. In addition, the level of ROS against CLA-bonding PSF membrane was 23% of that against unmodified PSF membrane. Therefore CLA-bonding PSF membrane could offer protection for patients against oxidative stress and could also inhibit LPS for clinical applications. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

In this study, heparin was immobilized onto cellulose acetate hollow fibers to improve the anticoagulation performance during hemodialysis. In vitro evaluation was carried out using mini-hemodialyzer circulating with fresh porcine whole blood to simulate kidney therapy. The dialysis performance and hemocompatibility were estimated. The results showed that heparinized hemodialyzer could be used through out the whole dialysis time (4 hr) without injecting additional heparin to prevent coagulation in the dialysis system. In addition, the hemocompatibility was evaluated by measuring activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and fibrinogen time (FT). The complete blood count (CBC) including red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (Hct), white blood cell (WBC), and platelet were determined. The results showed that heparinization could keep the CBC stable during dialysis, whereas unmodified cellulose acetate hemodialyzer would cause a decrease in RBC unless heparin was injected during dialysis. Heparinized hemodialyzer showed longer APTT, PT, and FT than unmodified hemodialyzer. Heparinized hemodialyzer also showed slightly higher clearance than unmodified hemodialyzer. These results indicated that the dialysis performance and hemocompatibility of cellulose acetate hemodialyzer could be improved by the immobilization of heparin. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane was hydrolyzed with NaOH(aq) and grafted with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) via esterification with 1,3-propanediol. The resulting CLA grafted PAN membranes were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy (XPS). The effects of CLA grafting on the blood coagulation, platelet aggregation, and oxidative stress were evaluated using human blood. The complete blood count (CBC) and coagulation time (CT) was evaluated in vitro for hemocompatibility. After CLA grafting, the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) on the membranes were improved. In addition, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by the chemiluminescence (CL) method to evaluate the oxidative stress. The results showed that the CLA-grafted PAN membrane could keep the CBC values more stable than unmodified PAN membrane. The CLA-grafted PAN membranes also showed longer CT. CLA-grafted PAN membrane could keep the CL counts of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide values more stable than unmodified PAN membrane. These results suggest that a CLA-grafted PAN membrane could offer protection for patients against oxidative stress and would be helpful for reducing the dosage of anticoagulant during hemodialysis. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Background. The molecular mechanisms leading to development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are not well understood. To delineate the features of NPC, we tried to identify unique expression of cellular genes in the tumor bi- opsy specimens. Methods and Results. By use of a combination of differential display and cDNA microarray analysis, we found two genes, 3E5 and 4A5, to show unique expression in the NPC biopsy specimens compared with nontumor nasopharyngeal tissues. Expression of 3E5, the osteoblast-specific factor-2 (OSF-2) gene, was detected at significantly higher levels in NPC biopsy specimens than that in control tissues, a finding confirmed using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A correlation between expression of OSF-2 and its regulatory cytokine transforming growth factor-h was ob- served in nontumor tissues but not in NPC biopsy specimens. On the other hand, expression of 4A5, whose sequences repre- sent the 3V untranslated region of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) gene, was detected rarely in NPC specimens but frequently in nontumor controls. The expression of pIgR in normal epithelial cells, but not in NPC tumor cells, was verified by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining. Conclusions. NPC shows significant upregulation of OSF-2 and downregulation of pIgR. Expression of OSF-2 is likely to play a role in the pathogenesis of NPC. In addition, expression of OSF-2 and pIgR is disassociated with the expression of their regulatory cytokines in NPC biopsy specimens, suggesting that the tumors may have altered responses to certain cytokines. A 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 27: 873-882, 2005

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) has been shown to induce apoptosis in normal hepatocytes and hepatoma cells both in vivo and in vitro. However, the mechanism by which TGF-beta induces apoptosis is not clear. The antiapoptotic activity of antioxidants including N-acetyl-L-cysteine (Ac-Cys), ascorbic acid and a novel free radical scavenger, carboxyfullerene (C60) on TGF-beta-treated human hepatoma Hep3B cells was examined. Only the water-soluble hexacarboxylic acid derivative of C60 was found to prevent TGF-beta-induced apoptosis. Antiapoptotic activity of C60 correlated its ability to eliminate TGF-beta-generated reactive oxygen species (ROSs). However, C60 did not interfere with TGF-beta-activated PAI-1 promoter activity in the Hep3B cells. These results indicate that the signaling pathway of TGF-beta-induced apoptosis may be related to the generation of ROSs and may be uncoupled from the TGF-beta-activated gene promoter activity. Furthermore, the regioisomer of C60 with a C3 symmetry was more potent in protecting cells from apoptosis than that with a D3 symmetry, and the C3 isomer had stronger interactions with lipid bilayers than the D3 isomer. The spectroscopic analysis revealed that the C3 isomer had stronger interactions with artificial lipid bilayers than the D3 isomer. Therefore, our study indicates that C60 may interact with membrane to eliminate TGF-beta-induced ROSs and to prevent apoptosis occur in human hepatoma cells.

We have examined the antiviral activity of a crude extract prepared from the culture medium of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Eight active destruxins were identified which showed strong suppressive effect on the production of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in human hepatoma Hep3B cells. One new compound, desmethyldestruxin B2 [1], was isolated from M. anisopliae. This structure was determined based on its nmr and mass spectral data.