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Abstract Background and Aims Oncogenesis and tumor development have been related to oxidative stress (OS). The potential diagnostic utility of OS genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however, remains uncertain. As a result, this work aimed to create a novel OS related‐genes signature that could be used to predict the survival of HCC patients and to screen OS related‐genes drugs that might be used for HCC treatment. Methods We used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to acquire mRNA expression profiles and clinical data for this research and the GeneCards database to obtain OS related‐genes. Following that, biological functions from Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were performed on differentially expressed OS‐related genes (DEOSGs). Subsequently, the prognostic risk signature was constructed based on DEOSGs from the TCGA data that were screened by using univariate cox analysis, and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression, and multivariate cox analysis. At the same time, we developed a prognostic nomogram of HCC patients based on risk signature and clinical‐pathological characteristics. The GEO data was used for validation. We used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curves, and Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival curves to examine the prediction value of the risk signature and nomogram. Finally, we screened the differentially expressed OS genes related drugs. Results We were able to recognize 9 OS genes linked to HCC prognosis. In addition, the KM curve revealed a statistically significant difference in overall survival (OS) between the high‐risk and low‐risk groups. The area under the curve (AUC) shows the independent prognostic value of the risk signature model. Meanwhile, the ROC curves and calibration curves show the strong prognostic power of the nomogram. The top three drugs with negative ratings were ZM‐336372, lestaurtinib, and flunisolide, all of which inversely regulate different OS gene expressions. Conclusion Our findings indicate that OS related‐genes have a favorable prognostic value for HCC, which sheds new light on the relationship between oxidative stress and HCC, and suggests potential therapeutic strategies for HCC patients.

Objective. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming more prevalent in the nonobese population. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of metabolism-related mixtures on NAFLD subjects in nonobese populations using four statistical models. Study Design. This was a retrospective observational study. Methods. Our study included 904 nonobese patients who had taken part in the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We used logistic regression models, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and the weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression model to estimate the association between metabolism-related indicators and NAFLD in the nonobese population. Finally, we included several indicators to create nomograms to predict the risk of NAFLD occurrence in the nonobese population. Results. Among the 904 participants, 116 (12.83%) had NAFLD. The logistic regression model found that the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), HDL-c, triglyceride (TG), and HbA1c were positively associated with the outcomes. The WQS regression model showed that the WQS index was significantly associated with the occurrence of NAFLD in the nonobese population (OR: 5.789, 95% CI: 3.933–8.520), and WHR, TC, and TG had the largest weight. The BKMR model’s WHR and TG increased from the 25th percentile to the 75th percentile (other metabolite exposure remained fixed at the 75th percentile) and the risk of developing NAFLD increased in the nonobese people. The significant predictors mentioned above were introduced to construct the nomogram. The calibration curve, DCA, and AUROC (0.796) (95% CI: 0.743–0.843) all indicated that the model had a good potential clinical performance. Conclusions. By comparing the results of the four models together, WHR and TG were identified as important factors associated with NAFLD in the nonobese population. Further research is warranted to investigate the risk factors and pathogeny of NAFLD in nonobese populations.

Abstract Increasing issues of hydrophobic membrane wetting occur in the membrane distillation (MD) process, stimulating the research on enhanced anti‐wetting methods for membrane materials. In recent years, surface structural construction (i.e., constructing reentrant‐like structures), surface chemical modification (i.e., coating organofluorides), and their combination have significantly improved the anti‐wetting properties of the hydrophobic membranes. Besides, these methods change the MD performance (i.e., increased/decreased vapor flux and increased salt rejection). This review first introduces the characterization parameters of wettability and the fundamental principles of membrane surface wetting. Then it summarizes the enhanced anti‐wetting methods, the related principles, and most importantly, the anti‐wetting properties of the resultant membranes. Next, the MD performance of hydrophobic membranes prepared by different enhanced anti‐wetting methods is discussed in desalinating different feeds. Finally, facile and reproducible strategies are aspired for the robust MD membrane in the future.

In this study, the impact test of two groups of reinforced concrete piers protected by closed-cell aluminum foam is carried out by using the ultrahigh drop hammer impact test system. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact resistance and protective performance of closed-cell aluminum foam under the impact load on the concrete bridge pier after replacing the ordinary reinforcement with stainless steel reinforcement. The study results show that the impact force is related to the overall stiffness of the specimen, as well as to the failure mode. When the impact velocity is less than 1.42 m/s, the closed-cell aluminum foam is in an elastic or yielding stage. The change rate of impact force (231 and 97.5, respectively), tip displacement (33.5 and 18, respectively), and ultrasonic damage rate of the concrete in the two groups of specimen is relatively small, while the change rate of the two groups of specimen remains approximately consistent. In addition, when the impact is greater than 1.42 m/s and the closed-cell aluminum foam is in the densification stage, the change rate of the impact force (increase from 231 to 819 and from 97.5 to 984.5), the tip displacement (increase from 33.5 to 67 and from 18 to 62), and ultrasonic damage rate of concrete are larger, which results in an increase in the dynamic response of the structure.