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Background and Objective: Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been recently applied in pain management and cancer care. However, inconsistencies exist concerning the effectiveness of MBIs on pain control among cancer patients. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the efficacy of MBIs on pain in cancer patients via a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs)., Methods: Databases (MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched using key terms related to pain, cancer and mindfulness. The primary outcome was pain intensity. Standardized mean difference (SMD) of each outcome with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated. The quality of evidence was assessed by GRADE assessment., Results: Ten RCTs with 843 participants were included. Significant pooled effects of MBIs on pain intensity were found at both short-term (SMD = -0.19, 95% CI [-0.33 to -0.04]) and long-term (SMD = -0.20, 95% CI [-0.35 to -0.05]) follow-up, whereas no significance was observed for pain interference. In subgroup analyses, significant intervention effects were only seen in clinic-based MBIs compared to remote MBIs, and pooled effects of MBIs in attenuating pain were discovered relative to passive rather than active comparators. GRADE ratings showed moderate certainty of evidence in MBIs for pain intensity but low for pain interference., Conclusions: The efficacy of MBIs in reducing pain intensity among cancer patients was revealed in this meta-analysis, albeit with a small effect size. Future research is warranted to optimize mindfulness treatment for pain control in cancer patients with high methodological quality and a large sample size., Significance: The effect of MBIs on pain in cancer patients was demonstrated in our analysis, albeit with small effect sizes. High-quality RCTs are needed to verify the efficacy of MBIs on cancer patients or survivors with pain complaints. Future trials should take into account the specific pain outcome measures (pain intensity or pain interference), the approach of intervention provision (clinic-based or remote MBI, group or individual practice), the duration and frequency of interventions and the comparators (passive or active control arms)., (© 2021 European Pain Federation - EFIC®.)

Autogenic fat graft usually suffers from degeneration and volume shrinkage in volume reconstruction applications. How to maintain graft viability and graft volume is an essential consideration in reconstruction therapies. In this presented investigation, a new fat graft transplantation method was developed aiming to improve long term graft viability and volume reconstruction effect by incorporation of hydrogel. The harvested fat graft is dissociated into small fragments and incorporated into a collagen based hydrogel to form a hydrogel/fat graft complex for volume reconstruction purpose. In vitro results indicate that the collagen based hydrogel can significantly improve the survivability of cells inside isolated graft. In a 6-month investigation on artificial created defect model, this hydrogel/fat graft complex filler has demonstrated the ability of promoting fat pad formation inside the targeted defect area. The newly generated fat pad can cover the whole defect and restore its original dimension in 6-month time point. Compared to simple fat transplantation, this hydrogel/fat graft complex system provides much improvement on long term volume restoration effect against degeneration and volume shrinkage. One notable effect is that there is continuous proliferation of adipose tissue throughout the 6-month period. In summary, the hydrogel/fat graft system presented in this investigation demonstrated a better and more significant effect on volume reconstruction in large sized volume defect than simple fat transplantation.

Purpose: To test a hypothesized model that examines the relationship between selected basic conditioning factors, self-care agency, and self-care behaviors among adolescent girls with dysmenorrhea using Orem's self-care deficit nursing theory as a framework., Design: This was a predictive correlational study conducted with a total of 531 secondary school girls., Methods: Self-care agency, self-care behaviors, and 11 variables that have been theoretically or empirically justified in previous studies as relevant to basic conditioning factors were selected and collected by means of structured questionnaires. Path analyses were performed to test the hypothesized linkages among variables., Findings: Path analysis revealed that age and received menstrual education had both direct and indirect effects through self-care agency on self-care behaviors. Mother's and father's educational level, pain intensity, and self-medication used when experiencing dysmenorrhea only affected the self-care behaviors directly., Conclusions: This is the first study that provided information about the relationship between basic conditioning factors, self-care agency, and self-care behaviors among adolescent girls with dysmenorrhea. Knowledge of the factors influencing self-care behaviors in these adolescent girls will assist healthcare professionals in developing effective interventions to promote self-care and ameliorate the adverse impact of this condition., Clinical Relevance: Interventional strategies that aim at promoting self-care behaviors among adolescent girls with dysmenorrhea should strengthen girls' self-care agency and should target those with a younger age, higher pain intensity, mother with a higher educational level, father with a lower educational level, and those who do not take self-medication for dysmenorrhea., (© 2015 Sigma Theta Tau International.)

Healthcare providers do not have a validated instrument to measure breastfeeding self-efficacy among Hong Kong Chinese. In this study, we sought to translate the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale-short form (BSES-SF) into Hong Kong Chinese and to examine the psychometric properties in a sample of 185 breastfeeding mothers. The construct validity of the translated scale was supported by confirmatory factor analysis and known group analysis. The receiver operating characteristics analysis indicated that the total score of the translated scale at 48-72  hours after delivery could be a useful diagnostic tool for identifying mothers likely to discontinue breastfeeding prematurely, before 6 months postpartum. Further research to cross-validate the suggested cut-off value of the scale is recommended., (Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Self-efficacy increasingly has been reported as an important outcome measure in childbirth care. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometrics of the short form of the Chinese Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory (CBSEI-C32) in mainland China. A convenience sample of 297 pregnant Chinese women who were attending the out-patient clinic of the study hospital in Guangzhou participated in the study. The participants were asked to complete the CBSEI-C32, the Chinese Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (CSAS), the Chinese Self-Efficacy Scale (CSE) and the socio-demographic questionnaire. A subgroup of 75 pregnant women was selected randomly from the total sample using a table of random numbers for test-retest reliability assessment. The findings demonstrate high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .96) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = .88) for the CBSEI-C32. Confirmatory factor analysis showed some support for a two-factor structure of the CBSEI-C32, and construct validity was further supported by a significant relationship with CSAS. The CBSEI-C32 has the potential to be used as a clinical and research instrument for measuring childbirth self-efficacy in women in mainland China., (Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

The Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI) was developed to measure family needs of patients with critical illness. However, testing of the CCFNI has not been undertaken for a Chinese-speaking population. The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the CCFNI in a sample of Chinese family members of critically ill patients. Translation into Chinese and reverse translation were completed before administering the questionnaire. The findings show that the Chinese version addressed adequately the original concepts and dimensions, and demonstrated a high level of equivalence with the original version. High internal consistencies (alpha = .80-.92) of the scale and its subscales were found. Principal components factor analysis supported the existence of a five-factor structure. The Chinese version also demonstrated high sensitivity to family needs in terms of severity of illness and satisfactory correlations with theoretically related constructs. These findings support the potential of the Chinese version to be used as a diagnostic tool in assessment of family needs of Chinese patients.

This study compares the childbirth outcomes of women whose husbands were present during labour with those whose husbands were absent. A retrospective comparative design was used. Sixty-three Hong Kong Chinese primigravid mothers recruited from childbirth education classes were allocated to one of two groups: those whose husband attended labour (n = 45) and those whose husband was not in attendance (n = 18). Details of demographic characteristics, maternal history and antenatal attendance were obtained along with obstetric measures of maternal anxiety, pain perception, dosage of analgesia used, and length of labour. The results indicated that women whose husbands were present during labour used significantly higher dosage of analgesia than those whose husbands were absent. No significant differences were found between groups in other outcome measures. The researcher concluded that nurse-midwives in Hong Kong need to find ways to help husbands provide the type of support that may help their partners during labour.