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A sonographic examination of the neck performed 6 to 12 months after thyroid surgery in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer is strongly recommended by the American Thyroid Association and considered mandatory by the European Thyroid Association for locoregional surveillance. The aim of this article is to review the normal anatomic changes expected after thyroid surgery and the pathologic mimics of thyroid carcinoma recurrence in post-thyroidectomy patients as they appear on neck sonography. We hope to offer some pearls to increase diagnostic confidence in this setting.

Lymphatic malformations are benign lesions that result from abnormal development of the lymphatic and venous systems. These lesions may be detected during routine prenatal ultrasound screening, and typically demonstrate imaging findings of a multiseptate cystic lesion lacking solid components, vascularity, and calcifications. We report 73 cases of prenatally detected lymphatic malformations and describe greater variability in their prenatal sonographic appearance than previously reported, including purely cystic lesions and mixed cystic and solid lesions with calcifications. Appreciation of this increased variability is important in providing accurate prenatal diagnosis, counseling, and management.

The development of an arterial pseudoaneurysm is a rare but reported complication of pelvic surgery. Typically the lesion is discovered because the patient has symptoms related to delayed rupture of the pseudoaneurysm, causing hemorrhage. We report a case in which an uterine artery pseudoaneurysm was detected 14 days after vaginal hysterectomy by TVUS, which was performed prior to a transvaginal drainage procedure to treat an infected pelvic hematoma.

We report the case of a postmenopausal patient presenting with bilateral solid Bartholin's gland lesions. The clinical and sonographic features suggested a nonaggressive process, allowing the surgeon to choose excisional biopsy of 1 of the lesions rather than radical excision to establish the diagnosis of a Bartholin's gland hamartoma. To our knowledge, this is the first sonographic description of a benign solid Bartholin's gland lesion. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 26:465–469, 1998.

Sperm granulomas are extratesticular, inflammatory lesions, usually located adjacent to the testis or seminal vesicle, which are associated with a history of infection, trauma, or prior surgery.1 These lesions are thought to represent a chronic inflammatory response to extravasated sperm resulting from damaged tubules or an obstructed vas deferens.2 Our case report demonstrates the sonographic appearance of recurrent sperm granuloma including color Doppler imaging.