28 results on '"John Barnard"'
Search Results
2. New Methods of Reconstruction for Old Challenges: The Use of the Integra Graft in Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections of the Male Genitalia
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Katharina Mitchell, Chad Crigger, Chad Morley, John Barnard, and Vidas Dumasius
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Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
In this paper, we describe two cases of Fournier’s gangrene (FG) in which Integra grafting was used for reconstruction. FG is a progressive necrotizing infection occurring in the perineal region and on the external genitalia. Reconstructive options using local tissue are limited due to the destruction this infection imposes on the soft tissue. Integra graft is a bilaminate artificial dermis made of shark chondroitin 6-sulfate and bovine collagen. It is applied to the wound bed after debridement and establishment of a healthy, well-vascularized wound base. The patients in this case series had large defects which could not be closed primarily with tissue beds and would not have been appropriate for skin grafting. Therefore, an Integra graft was placed. In both patients, the wound beds were appropriate for skin grafting after three weeks. Without the Integra graft, both of our patients would have needed to wait a considerable amount of time prior to reconstruction. Our case series further illustrates and supports the use of Integra grafts in such a scenario following Fournier’s gangrene which has only previously been published on three occasions, all of which demonstrated successful outcomes.
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- 2021
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3. Spontaneous Urethral Laceration in a Patient Experiencing Acute Ulcerative Colitis Flare
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Ryan Morris, John Barnard, and Chad Morley
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Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Spontaneous urethral laceration in the female without associated external trauma is an exceedingly rare phenomenon. Most cases are related to childbirth or the presence of a concomitant pelvic fracture or penetrating injury. Herein, we present a novel case of spontaneous urethral laceration in a female which happened to occur during an acute flare of her previously diagnosed ulcerative colitis. The diagnosis of spontaneous urethral laceration is rare, and underlying etiology is often uncertain.
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- 2020
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4. Use of Cadaveric Pericardial Tissue in the Surgical Treatment of Neurogenic Bladder
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Madison Caja, Michaela Lamonde, John Barnard, Stanley Zaslau, and Robert E. Shapiro
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Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
The surgical treatments for neurogenic bladder are extremely variable. The lack of specific treatment guidelines makes this disease process even more challenging to treat. We present a case of a 55-year-old female with neurogenic bladder secondary to spinal cord injury (SCI). Her incontinence was conservatively managed with indwelling Foley drainage. Despite continued upsizing of the Foley catheters, the patient continued to have urinary leakage. The patient subsequently underwent a transvaginal bladder neck closure (BNC) with suprapubic bladder neck diversion (SPC). The urethra was successfully closed and uniquely supported with the use of cadaveric pericardial tissue (CPT). This surgical approach of neurogenic bladder provides durable continence with short operative times, minimal patient morbidity, decreased hospital length, and low risk of progressive renal dysfunction. BNC with SPC can provide an excellent management solution for neurogenic bladder from spinal cord injury refractory to conservative management.
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- 2019
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5. Traumatic Bladder Ruptures: A Ten-Year Review at a Level 1 Trauma Center
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John Barnard, Tyler Overholt, Ali Hajiran, Chad Crigger, Morris Jessop, Jennifer Knight, and Chad Morley
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Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Bladder rupture occurs in only 1.6% of blunt abdominopelvic trauma cases. Although rare, bladder rupture can result in significant morbidity if undiagnosed or inappropriately managed. AUA Urotrauma Guidelines suggest that urethral catheter drainage is a standard of care for both extraperitoneal and intraperitoneal bladder rupture regardless of the need for surgical repair. However, no specific guidance is given regarding the length of catheterization. The present study seeks to summarize contemporary management of bladder trauma at our tertiary care center, assess the impact of length of catheterization on bladder injuries and complications, and develop a protocol for management of bladder injuries from time of injury to catheter removal. A retrospective review was performed on 34,413 blunt trauma cases to identify traumatic bladder ruptures over the past 10 years (January 2008–January 2018) at our tertiary care facility. Patient data were collected including age, gender, BMI, mechanism of injury, and type of injury. The primary treatment modality (surgical repair vs. catheter drainage only), length of catheterization, and post-injury complications were also assessed. Review of our institutional trauma database identified 44 patients with bladder trauma. Mean age was 41 years, mean BMI was 24.8 kg/m2, 95% were Caucasian, and 55% were female. Motor vehicle collision (MVC) was the most common mechanism, representing 45% of total injuries. Other mechanisms included falls (20%) and all-terrain vehicle (ATV) accidents (13.6%). 31 patients had extraperitoneal injury, and 13 were intraperitoneal. Pelvic fractures were present in 93%, and 39% had additional solid organ injuries. Formal cystogram was performed in 59% on presentation, and mean time to cystogram was 4 hours. Gross hematuria was noted in 95% of cases. Operative management was performed for all intraperitoneal injuries and 35.5% of extraperitoneal cases. Bladder closure in operative cases was typically performed in 2 layers with absorbable suture in a running fashion. The intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal injuries managed operatively were compared, and length of catheterization (28 d vs. 22 d, p=0.46), time from injury to normal fluorocystogram (19.8 d vs. 20.7 d, p=0.80), and time from injury to repair (4.3 vs. 60.5 h, p=0.23) were not statistically different between cohorts. Patients whose catheter remained in place for greater than 14 days had prolonged time to initial cystogram (26.6 d vs. 11.5 d) compared with those whose foley catheter was removed within 14 days. The complication rate was 21% for catheters left more than 14 days while patients whose catheter remained less than 14 days experienced no complications. The present study provides a 10-year retrospective review characterizing the presentation, management, and follow-up of bladder trauma patients at our level 1 trauma center. Based on our findings, we have developed an institutional protocol which now includes recommendations regarding length of catheterization after traumatic bladder rupture. By providing specific guidelines for initial follow-up cystogram and foley removal, we hope to decrease patient morbidity from prolonged catheterization. Further study will seek to allow multidisciplinary trauma teams to standardize management, streamline care, and minimize complications for patients presenting with traumatic bladder injuries.
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- 2019
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6. Locally Recurrent Leiomyoma of the Bladder Refractory to Visually Complete Transurethral Resection: An Indication for Cystoprostatectomy
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Katharina Mitchell, John Barnard, and Adam Luchey
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Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle tumors that have low malignant potential (0.1%) and can arise in nearly any area of the body. Genitourinary involvement is very rare and represents only 0.05% of all bladder tumors (Mendes et al., 2017; GÖK, 2017). The most common presenting symptoms of bladder leiomyomas are obstructive voiding (49%), irritative voiding (38%), and hematuria (11%) (Goluboff et al., 1994). Treatment involves complete excision, in this case transurethral resection (TUR), and generally results in complete cure with no recurrences noted in the 250 cases reported in the literature for open resection and 18% recurrence rates after TUR which were successfully treated with a repeat TUR in all cases. Herein, we report a case of leiomyoma of the bladder which was refractory to four visually complete transurethral resections and ultimately required radical cystoprostatectomy with ileal conduit urinary diversion.
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- 2019
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7. Ossifying Renal Tumor of Infancy: Laparoscopic Treatment and Literature Review
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Ali Hajiran, Morris Jessop, Zachary Werner, Chad Crigger, John Barnard, Jeffrey Vos, and Michael Ost
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Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
We present an unusual case of a rare ossifying renal tumor of infancy. A 6-month-old male initially presented with gross hematuria and without any palpable abdominal mass. Renal ultrasound and MRI showed a right lower pole, calcified, endophytic renal mass. Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy was performed without complications. Pathology demonstrated an ossifying renal tumor of infancy. We report this case, in addition to a review of the literature for similar cases, to highlight a rare renal tumor in infancy that can be managed laparoscopically.
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- 2018
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8. Validation of International Working Group response criteria in higher‐risk myelodysplastic syndromes: A report on behalf of the MDS Clinical Research Consortium
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John Barnard, Najla Al Ali, Amy E. DeZern, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Eric Padron, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Alan F. List, Gail J. Roboz, Rami S. Komrokji, David P. Steensma, and David A. Sallman
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,response criteria ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Response criteria ,Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors ,high‐risk disease ,Original Research ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Surrogate endpoint ,business.industry ,international working group ,Myelodysplastic syndromes ,Remission Induction ,Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ,Clinical Cancer Research ,International working group ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Combined Modality Therapy ,myelodysplastic syndromes ,Survival Rate ,030104 developmental biology ,Clinical research ,Hypomethylating agent ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cohort ,Female ,business ,Progressive disease ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
The utility of the International Working Group (IWG) 2006 response criteria for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) as a surrogate endpoint for outcomes is unclear. We assessed the validity of the IWG 2006 response criteria in a large cohort of higher‐risk MDS patients (pts) treated at centers from the MDS Clinical Research Consortium. The best overall response rate (ORR) by IWG 2006 criteria to first‐line therapy among 597 evaluable pts was 38% and include complete response (CR) 16%, marrow CR (mCR) 2%, partial response (PR) 10%, hematological improvement (HI) 10%, stable disease (SD) 33%, and progressive disease (PD) 24%. CR was associated with a better overall survival (OS) compared to all other response groups (P, In higher risk MDS patients responses associated with restoration of effective hematopoiesis namely complete remission (CR) are associated with better outcomes.Marrow CR without hematological improvement outside context of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant should not be included in response criteria assessing new therapeutic agents in MDS.
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- 2021
9. Comparing the prognostic value of risk stratifying models for patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes: Is one model better?
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John Barnard, Najla Al Ali, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski, Amy E. DeZern, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Xiao Feng Wang, Eric Padron, Rami S. Komrokji, Amer M. Zeidan, Alan F. List, David P. Steensma, and Gail J. Roboz
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,Myelodysplastic syndromes ,Retrospective cohort study ,Hematology ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Lower risk ,medicine.disease ,Clinical research ,Increased risk ,International Prognostic Scoring System ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,In patient ,business - Abstract
Some patients classified as having lower-risk (LR)-disease by the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) fare more poorly than predicted. We examined the prognostic utility of IPSS, the MD Anderson LR-Prognostic System (LR-PSS), and the revised IPSS (IPSS-R) in a large cohort of patients classified as having IPSS LR-MDS in the MDS Clinical Research Consortium database. Actual overall survival (OS) was assessed in patients with IPSS LR-MDS (i.e. low and intermediate-1) using Kaplan-Meier methods. Harrell's c index (HCI) and Akaike information criteria (AIC) were used to compare the models. Median OS of 1,140 eligible patients was 47 months (95% CI, 44-52). Median follow-up was 62 months. HCI values indicating the discriminatory power of the models (higher is better) were better for LR-PSS (0.74, 95% CI, 0.70-0.78) than IPSS-R (0.64, 95% CI, 0.60-0.67) and IPSS (0.64, 95% CI, 0.60-0.68). Similarly, AIC values indicating the goodness of the fit were better for LR-PSS than IPSS-R and IPSS (8,110, 8,147, and 8,150, respectively, lower is better). LR-PSS assigned 25.1% and 37.4% of patients with IPSS LR-MDS into LR-PSS Category 3 and IPSS-R Categories ≥Intermediate, respectively. Of 291 patients (25.5%) who survived ≤24 months from diagnosis, only 37.1% and 45% were classified as LR-PSS category 3 and IPSS-R categories ≥Intermediate, respectively (P = 0.06). While both LR-PSS and IPSS-R distinguish groups with varied survival outcome among patients with IPSS LR-MDS, both tools fail to identify a significant subset with poor OS. Future studies should assess whether patients identified as at increased risk will benefit from earlier interventions with disease-modifying therapies.
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- 2015
10. Polygenic scores associated with educational attainment in adults predict educational achievement and ADHD symptoms in children
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Sang Hong Lee, Danielle Posthuma, Debbie A Lawlor, Michael B. Miller, Igor Rudan, Jürgen Wellmann, François Bastardot, Lawrence F. Bielak, Anu Realo, William G. Iacono, Lude Franke, Matthew Kowgier, Marika Kaakinen, Helena Schmidt, Jorma Viikari, Jennifer A. Smith, David R. Van Wagoner, Elizabeth G. Holliday, Veronique Vitart, Robert F. Krueger, Pamela A. F. Madden, Jan Emmanuel De, Andrew Heath, David Cesarini, Najaf Amin, Dale R. Nyholt, Juliette Harris, Nicholas J. Timpson, George Dedoussis, Stefania Bandinelli, W. Hoffmann, Albert V. Smith, Beate St Pourcain, Stavroula Kanoni, Martin F. Elderson, Maria Dimitriou, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Min A. Jhun, Daniel S. Evans, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Lei Yu, Krista Fischer, Jae Hoon Sul, Jennifer R. Harris, Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Antti-Pekka Sarin, Ida Surakka, Arpana Agrawal, Bo Jacobsson, Klaus Berger, Matt McGue, Christopher F. Chabris, Marisa Loitfelder, Veikko Salomaa, David Schlessinger, Mina K. Chung, Erik A. Ehli, Kati Kristiansson, Eva Albrecht, Niina Eklund, Aarno Palotie, Sarah E. Medland, Reinhold E. Schmidt, Kurt Lohman, Luigi Ferrucci, Osorio Meirelles, Ivana Kolcic, Vilmundur Gudnason, Nicholas G. Martin, Tomi E. Mäkinen, Robert M. Kirkpatrick, Thomas Illig, Peter M. Visscher, Håkon K. Gjessing, Sebastian E. Baumeister, Carla A. Ibrahim-Verbaas, Per Hall, Elisabeth Widen, Panos Deloukas, Ronny Myhre, Michelle N. Meyer, Jonathan P. Beauchamp, Caroline Hayward, Eveline L. de Zeeuw, Penelope A. Lind, Erik Ingelsson, Ian J. Deary, George Davey-Smith, Dalton Conley, Peter Lichtner, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Samuli Ripatti, Dena G. Hernandez, Albert Hofman, George McMahon, Thais S. Rizzi, Wei Zhao, Patrick K.E. Magnusson, Jingmei Li, Mariza de Andrade, Ben A. Oostra, Abdel Abdellaoui, Andres Metspalu, Patricia A. Peyser, Jessica D. Faul, David C. Liewald, Christina Holzapfel, Lydia Quaye, John Barnard, Meike Bartels, Christian Gieger, John P. Rice, Christiaan de Leeuw, Patricia A. Boyle, Nicholas D. Hastie, David R. Weir, Adriaan Hofman, Astanand Jugessur, Tamara B. Harris, Catharina E. M. van Beijsterveldt, Gail Davies, H.-Erich Wichmann, Lynn Cherkas, Polasek Ozren Polasek, Harm-Jan Westra, Yongmei Liu, Jari Lahti, Matthijs J. H. M. van der Loos, Rodney J. Scott, Gérard Waeber, Peter Vollenweider, Behrooz Z. Alizadeh, Frank J. A. van Rooij, Susan M. Ring, Judith M. Vonk, Lyle J. Palmer, Alexander Teumer, John M. Starr, Antonio Terracciano, Sara Hägg, Erkki Vartiainen, David Laibson, Eco J. C. de Geus, Mika Kähönen, Marco Masala, Peng Lin, Nicolas W. Martin, André G. Uitterlinden, Dorret I. Boomsma, Harry Campbell, Sutapa Mukherjee, Konstantin Shakhbazov, Henning Tiemeier, Zó Ltan Kutalik, Grant W. Montgomery, Eva Reinmaa, Aldo Rustichini, Wouter J. Peyrot, David M. Evans, Martin Preisig, Cornelius A. Rietveld, T.J. Glasner, J Kaprio, John Attia, Pedro Marques Vidal, Sharon L.R. Kardia, Peter K. Joshi, Toshiko Tanaka, Rauli Svento, Magnus Johannesson, Terho Lethimäki, Jüri Allik, Philip L. De Jager, Antti Latvala, Marja-Liisa Nuotio, Juha Karjalainen, Henry Völzke, Roy Thurik, Rolf Holle, Kelly S. Benke, Christopher Oldmeadow, Esko Toñu Esko, Johan G. Eriksson, Alan F. Wright, Francesco Cucca, Ute Bültmann, Olli T. Raitakari, Melissa E. Garcia, Patrick J. F. Groenen, Maria M. Groen-Blokhuis, Gonneke Willemsen, Jian Yang, Lili Milani, Fernando Rivadeneira, David A. Bennett, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Katri Räikkönen, Harold Snieder, Laura J. Bierut, James J. Hudziak, James F. Wilson, Rudolf S N Fehrmann, Jaime Derringer, Gareth E. Davies, K. Petrovic, Markus Perola, Lenore J. Launer, Daniel J. Benjamin, Paul Lichtenstein, Philipp Koellinger, Andreas Mielck, Jeffrey A. Boatman, Henrik Grönberg, Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Public Health Research (PHR), Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE), Guided Treatment in Optimal Selected Cancer Patients (GUTS), Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), EMGO+ - Mental Health, Biological Psychology, Methods and Techniques, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Ophthalmology, and Epidemiology
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Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) ,Multifactorial Inheritance ,genetic association ,genotype ,Academic achievement ,Educational achievement ,single nucleotide polymorphism ,genetic variability ,Genetics (clinical) ,Netherlands ,child ,article ,symptom ,academic achievement ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,priority journal ,achievement test ,Regression Analysis ,Psychology ,SDG 4 - Quality Education ,Clinical psychology ,Adult ,phenotype ,effect size ,attention deficit disorder ,gene frequency ,educational status ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,reading ,study skills ,mental disorders ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,ADHD ,Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ,Achievement test ,controlled study ,human ,Association (psychology) ,Genetic association ,attention disturbance ,language ,School performance ,medicine.disease ,arithmetic ,major clinical study ,Polygenic scores ,Educational attainment ,gene linkage disequilibrium ,Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ,Study skills - Abstract
The American Psychiatric Association estimates that 3 to 7 per cent of all school aged children are diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Even after correcting for general cognitive ability, numerous studies report a negative association between ADHD and educational achievement. With polygenic scores we examined whether genetic variants that have a positive influence on educational attainment have a protective effect against ADHD. The effect sizes from a large GWA meta-analysis of educational attainment in adults were used to calculate polygenic scores in an independent sample of 12-year-old children from the Netherlands Twin Register. Linear mixed models showed that the polygenic scores significantly predicted educational achievement, school performance, ADHD symptoms and attention problems in children. These results confirm the genetic overlap between ADHD and educational achievement, indicating that one way to gain insight into genetic variants responsible for variation in ADHD is to include data on educational achievement, which are available at a larger scale. (C) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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- 2014
11. P2RY1 and P2RY12 polymorphisms and on-aspirin platelet reactivity in patients with coronary artery disease
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Qing Kenneth Wang, Li Zhang, Kandice Kottke-Marchant, Phyu P. Aung, Ayse Anil Timur, Deepak L. Bhatt, John Barnard, Gurunathan Murugesan, Pascale Gaussem, and Roy L. Silverstein
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Aspirin ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Hematology ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,Coronary artery disease ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Polymorphism (computer science) ,Internal medicine ,Genotype ,Immunology ,medicine ,Arachidonic acid ,Receptor ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Summary Introduction: Association of P2RY1 and P2RY12 polymorphisms with on-aspirin platelet reactivity was investigated. Materials and methods: Platelet reactivity was assessed by the light transmission aggregometry and TxB2 assay in 423 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) on aspirin. High residual platelet reactivity (RPR) was defined by ≥20% and ≥70% maximal aggregation stimulated with 0.5 mg/mL arachidonic acid (AA) and 10 μm ADP, respectively. Moderate RPR was considered aggregation ≥20% with AA, ≥70% with ADP, or ≥1 ng/mL stimulated TxB2. Fourteen P2RY1 and 35 P2RY12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped. Results: High RPR was detected in 24% of the patients. Moderate RPR was observed in 31% with AA, 57% with 5 μm ADP, and 82% with 10 μm ADP. Stimulated TxB2 was ≥1 ng/mL in 23% of patients. P2RY12 SNP rs9859538 was associated with high RPR (OR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.24–3.75, P-value = 0.004). Four P2RY12 SNPs, rs1491974, rs10513398, rs3732765, and rs10935841, showed association with moderate RPR (OR = 1.79–2.94, P-value = 0.04–0.028), while five, rs7615865, rs1388623, rs1388622, rs7634096, and rs7637803, were associated with low RPR (OR = 0.50–0.55, P-value = 0.008–0.026), following ADP stimulation. TxB2 level
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- 2012
12. OPTIMIZATION OF CHIPOTLE PEPPER SMOKING PROCESS USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY*
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Cinthia B. Gómez-Moriel, Armando Quintero-Ramos, Ramón Olivas-Vargas, Ricardo Talamás-Abbud, Alejandro Camacho-Dávila, John Barnard, and Martha G. Ruiz-Gutiérrez
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chemistry.chemical_compound ,Jalapeno pepper ,chemistry ,Moisture ,Pepper ,Phenol ,Dry matter ,Phenols ,Response surface methodology ,Food science ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Food Science - Abstract
Effects of smoking time and temperature on optimal chipotle pepper production were evaluated and optimized using the response surface methodology. Batches of red jalapeno peppers were smoked under different temperatures (65.8, 70, 80, 90, 94.1C) and times (0.96, 2, 4.5, 7, 8 h). Afterward, samples were evaluated for moisture, rheological properties and total phenols. Samples were then dried from 80C to between 0.123 and 0.204 kg H2O/kg dry matter and evaluated for rheological properties, texture, rehydration, color and phenols. Phenol content, rehydration ratio, firmness of peppers, and rheological properties and color of puree were affected (P < 0.05) by both temperature and time. Best smoking conditions used temperatures of 74–79C, and times between 8.0 and 7.4 h resulting in viscosities of 5.1– 6.5 Pa·s with phenol content of 110–120 mg/kg, rehydration ratios of 3.7–4.1, firmness of 1.27–1.49 N and acceptable color. Smoking time was significantly reduced and quality maintained.
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- 2011
13. NIXTAMALIZATION IN TWO STEPS WITH DIFFERENT CALCIUM SALTS AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH CHEMICAL, TEXTURE AND THERMAL PROPERTIES IN MASA AND TORTILLA
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Ricardo Talamás-Abbud, Carmen O. Meléndez-Pizarro, John Barnard, D. Lardizabal-Gutierrez, Armando Quintero-Ramos, Rubén Márquez-Meléndez, and Martha G. Ruiz-Gutiérrez
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Absorption of water ,Calcium hydroxide ,Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Salt (chemistry) ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Environmental pollution ,engineering.material ,Calcium ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nixtamalization ,engineering ,Food science ,Steeping ,Food Science ,Lime - Abstract
The present investigation evaluated the chemical and thermal properties using lime and alternative calcium salts, and their effect on the characteristics of masa and tortilla obtained in a two-step nixtamalization process. White dent corn was cooked in calcium hydroxide solution (1.2% [w/v]; 1:3 maize : water ratio) at 80C (30 min), and the calcium hydroxide was replaced either by calcium chloride or lactate at calcium equilibrated concentration (30 min), and steeped in a cooking solution for 2,400 min. Grains were analyzed for water and calcium absorption, and apparent diffusion coefficients were calculated. Thermal properties of flour made from these grains were also determined. Additionally, the masa and tortilla made with nixtamalized corn flours were analyzed for texture and color, and an acceptability test was performed on the tortilla. Water absorption showed a notable increase during cooking, approaching an asymptotic maximum absorption after 8 h of steeping for all treatments. The maximum calcium absorption was obtained in stepwise nixtamalization with solutes of CaCl2 and C6H10O6Ca. The water apparent diffusion coefficients were adequately described by Fick's model and it was found that C6H10O6Ca showed the highest value (5.5901 × 10−10 m2/s), while that for calcium diffusion the model gave low fits. The thermal analysis showed that gelatinization temperatures were affected significantly (P
- Published
- 2011
14. Vectorial TGFβ signaling in polarized intestinal epithelial cells
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Qin Huang, Adam J. Yakovich, Bo Jiang, John Barnard, and Jianguo Du
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Physiology ,Blotting, Western ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I ,Fluorescent Antibody Technique ,Cellular homeostasis ,Smad2 Protein ,Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases ,Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ,Cell membrane ,Transforming Growth Factor beta2 ,Dogs ,Occludin ,Cell polarity ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Protein Isoforms ,Secretion ,Phosphorylation ,Epithelial polarity ,biology ,Tight junction ,Cell Membrane ,Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II ,Cell Polarity ,Membrane Proteins ,Cell Biology ,Transforming growth factor beta ,Cell biology ,Protein Transport ,Enterocytes ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,biology.protein ,Caco-2 Cells ,Signal transduction ,Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Polarized gastrointestinal epithelial cells form tight junctions that spatially separate apical and basolateral cell membrane domains. These domains harbor functionally distinct proteins that contribute to cellular homeostasis and morphogenesis. Transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) is a critical regulator of gastrointestinal epithelial cell growth and differentiation. Functional assays of vectorial TGFbeta signaling and immunofluorescence techniques were used to determine the localization of TGFbeta receptors and ligand secretion in polarizing Caco-2 cells, a colon cancer cell line. Results were compared to the nontransformed MDCK cell line. In both Caco-2 and MDCK cells, addition of TGFbeta1 to the basolateral medium resulted in phosphorylation of Smad2. No phosphorylation was observed when TGFbeta1 was added to the apical chamber, indicating that receptor signaling is localized at the basolateral membrane. In support of this, immunofluorescence and biotinylation assays show receptor localization along the basolateral membrane. Secretion of TGFbeta1 from MDCK and Caco-2 cells into the apical or basolateral medium was measured by ELISA. Interestingly, secretion was exclusively apical in the nontransformed MDCK line and basolateral in transformed Caco-2 cells. Collectively, these results show basolateral domain specificity in localization of the TGFbeta receptor signaling apparatus. These observations have important implications for understanding the biology of TGFbeta in polarized epithelia, including elements of communication between epithelial and mesenchymal layers, and will prove useful in the design of therapeutics that target TGFbeta function.
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- 2010
15. Improving textural quality in frozen jalapeno pepper by low temperature blanching in calcium chloride solution
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Rubén Márquez-Meléndez, Jorge Jiménez-Castro, Armando Quintero-Ramos, Luis de la Torre, John Barnard, Virginia Mendoza-Guzmán, Rosario Pérez-Alemán, and Bertha Rodríguez-Terrazas
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Blanching ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Calcium ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Jalapeno pepper ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Pepper ,Immersion (virtual reality) ,Response surface methodology ,Food science ,Methanol ,Legume ,Food Science - Abstract
Summary The effects of low temperature blanching in calcium chloride solution of jalapeno peppers prior to freezing, on firmness retention, pH, methanol, colour and calcium ions of the product, were evaluated by response surface methodology. Texture, methanol content and pH were affected by all of the variables studied (P = 0.05). The optimum response was obtained at temperatures of 63.3–66 °C, calcium chloride concentrations of 0.17–0.21 m, immersion time of 11.6–14.4 min, with a holding time after blanching of 56.6–66.1 min. Microscopic evaluation of the thawed pepper showed that blanching in CaCl2 solution provided a protective effect in maintaining cell wall integrity.
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- 2005
16. Structural and physical properties of dried Anaheim chilli peppers modified by low-temperature blanching
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Armando Quintero-Ramos, JC Heredia-Léon, Jorge A. Jiménez-Castro, John Barnard, V Mendoza-Guzmán, Ricardo Talamás-Abbud, and Francisco J. Solis-Martinez
- Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics ,Cell wall integrity ,Central composite design ,Blanching ,Chemistry ,Hold time ,Pepper ,Chilli peppers ,Food science ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,After treatment ,Food Science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The effect of low-temperature blanching and drying processes on the ultrastructural and physical properties of Anaheim chilli pepper was studied and optimum conditions to provide a final product with maximum firmness were determined. Lots of Anaheim pepper were blanched in water for 4min at 48, 55, 65, 75 and 82 ◦ C and maintained for hold times of 35, 45, 60, 75 and 85min, blanched again for 4min at 96 ◦ C and dehydrated at 53, 60, 70, 80 and 87 ◦ C. After treatment the samples were rehydrated in water at 30 ◦ C. Rehydration ratio, texture and structural changes were evaluated. Optimisation used a second-order rotatable central composite design. Texture and rehydration ratio were affected by blanching temperature and the interaction of blanching temperature with hold time (p ≤ 0.05); drying temperature did not show a significant effect. The best results, ie those which gave greatest firmness, were obtained by blanching at 64 ◦ C for 4min, holding for 55min after blanching, followed by a second blanching at 96 ◦ C for 4min and then drying at 70 ◦ C. Evaluation of the rehydrated dried pepper by microscopy showed that low-temperature blanching close to the optimum conditions provided a protective effect in maintaining cell wall integrity. The results of processing increased firmness in the rehydrated product by a factor of 1.97. 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
- Published
- 2003
17. Texture of rehydrated dried bell peppers modified by low-temperature blanching and calcium addition
- Author
-
Rocio Domínguez, John Barnard, Malcolm C. Bourne, Ricardo Talamás-Abbud, Armando Quintero-Ramos, Antonio Anzaldúa‐Morales, and Jorge Jiménez-Castro
- Subjects
chemistry ,Chemical treatment ,Blanching ,Mineralogy ,Bell peppers ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Texture (crystalline) ,Calcium ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Food Science ,Nuclear chemistry ,GREEN BELL PEPPER - Abstract
Diced green bell pepper was blanched twice, once at 51-79 °C for 19-61 min, and once at 95 °C for 3 min, and dried. The firmness of rehydrated samples was measured by puncture, and optimum conditions assessed by response surface methodology. The optimized model showed that, blanching at 65 °C for 49 min gave a 64% increase in puncture force over the control. The optimum temperature was used to evaluate the effect of adding CaCl 2 . The dices were blanched twice, once at 65 °C for 3 min in either 0 or 4% CaCl 2 , secondly in either 0 or 2% CaCl 2 solution at 95 °C for 3 min. In the second case the dices had been held at room temperature for 0-30 min before treatment. Adding CaCl 2 increased puncture force significantly (P ≤ 0.05). The best results, those which gave greatest firmness, were obtained by blanching at 65 °C for 3 min in 4% CaCl 2 , holding for 16 min after blanching, followed by a secondary blanching at 95 °C in 2% CaCl 2 . Du poivron vert en cube a ete blanchi deux fois puis seche. La fermete du poivron rehydrate a ete mesure et les conditions optimales ont ete determinees: le blanchiment a 65° pendant 49 min donne les meilleurs resultats. Le poivron en cube a ensuite ete blanchi a 65° pendant 3 min.puis 95° pendant 3 min. en presence de chlorure de calcium a concentration variable, a chaque fois. Les meilleurs resultats sont obtenus pour CaCl 2 a 4% puis CaCl 2 a 2% pour le deuxieme blanchiment.
- Published
- 2001
18. Optimization of Low Temperature Blanching of Frozen Jalapeno Pepper (Capsicum annuum) using Response Surface Methodology
- Author
-
John Barnard, Armando Quintero-Ramos, A. Anzaldúa-Morales, and Malcolm C. Bourne
- Subjects
Capsicum annuum ,Brightness ,Jalapeno pepper ,Hold time ,Blanching ,Chemistry ,Extrusion ,Food science ,Response surface methodology ,Legume ,Food Science - Abstract
The effects of low-temperature long-time blanching of diced jalapeno pepper prior to freezing on extrusion force, color and pH of the product were evaluated and optimized by response surface methodology. The blanch temperature was the most important factor, while hold time had no significant effect on product quality. Maximum extrusion force and color parameter a*(green-red) correlated with temperature. The pH and the color parameters L*(brightness) and b*(blue-yellow) showed no significant variation with the experimental variables. The recommended blanch temperature of 55C produced a firmness value of 779N and a color value of 10.55 of parameter a* in frozen jalapeno peppers.
- Published
- 1998
19. Production‐cycle‐related changes in indices of lysine catabolism in turkey liver
- Author
-
Kenneth P. Blemings, John Barnard, Juanita G Engels, Brittany N West, J. S. Moritz, Stephanie K. Gatrell, and Levi E Berg
- Subjects
Biochemistry ,Chemistry ,Genetics ,Lysine catabolism ,Production cycle ,Molecular Biology ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2011
20. Isozyme Diversity in the Cowpea Species Complex
- Author
-
Norman F. Weeden, John Barnard, and René E. Vaillancourt
- Subjects
Germplasm ,Species complex ,Genetic diversity ,biology ,viruses ,food and beverages ,Introgression ,biology.organism_classification ,Crop ,Vigna ,Botany ,Genetic variability ,Domestication ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
The cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] is an important crop in many countries of tropical Africa, Asia and South America. Compared with other leguminous crops, little is known about the population structure of the cowpea and the partitioning of genetic diversity between cultivated and wild cowpea. One hundred and twelve accessions of cultivated cowpea (V. unguiculata ssp. unguiculata) and 43 of wild cowpea (V. unguiculata ssp. dekindtiana) were evaluated for genetic diversity at 26 isozyme loci. Cultivated accessions were characterized by very low genetic diversity (Ht = 0.029), with only six polymorphic loci. Four of these polymorphic loci displayed one very common allele and one rare allele. Accessions possessing these rare alleles were dispersed throughout Africa and a geographical center of isozyme diversity was not evident. Cultivated groups biflora (the catjang) and sesquipedalis (the yard-long bean) could not be differentiated from the cowpea. Wild cowpea, on the other hand, were highly diverse (Ht = 0.168), with 19 out of 26 loci polymorphic. Our data indicate introgression from wild to cultivated must be very rare. Six wild accessions displayed high identity with the cultivated cowpea. Wild cowpea may, therefore, be the progenitor of the cultivated cowpea. Because these wild accessions were dispersed throughout equatorial Africa, there is no isozyme evidence for a narrowly defined center of domestication. Financial assistance was provided by the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR).
- Published
- 1993
21. Lysine catabolism in pig tissues
- Author
-
Matthew E. Wilson, K. M. Barnes, Levi E Berg, Kenneth P. Blemings, Tiffany A Wilmoth, John Barnard, Juanita G Engels, and Stephanie K. Gatrell
- Subjects
Biochemistry ,Chemistry ,Genetics ,Lysine catabolism ,Molecular Biology ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2010
22. Multiple Imputation Methods
- Author
-
Donald B. Rubin, Nathaniel Schenker, and John Barnard
- Subjects
Computer science ,Data mining ,computer.software_genre ,computer - Published
- 2005
23. ChemInform Abstract: Antimycobacterial Activity of Cinnamate-Based Esters of the Triterpenes Betulinic, Oleanolic and Ursolic Acids.
- Author
-
Tanachatchairatana, Tanud, primary, Bremner, John Barnard, additional, Chokchaisiri, Ratchanaporn, additional, and Suksamrarn, Apichart, additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Optimization of Blanching for Crispness of Banana Chips Using Response Surface Methodology
- Author
-
Jose C. Jackson, John Barnard, and Malcolm C. Bourne
- Subjects
Materials science ,Central composite design ,Blanching ,Texture analyzer ,Food science ,Factorial experiment ,Response surface methodology ,Composite material ,Food Science - Abstract
Whole green bananas were blanched in water at 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100°C for 2, 15, and 30 min using a factorial design then peeled, sliced and fried in oil to make chips. Crispness was measured using a bending-snapping test in the TA.XT2 Texture Analyzer. Significant interactions were found between blanch time and temperature and crispness of chips. A second experiment was then performed using a central composite design and blanch temperatures from 41.7 to 98.3°C. Response surface analysis predicted that crispiest chips should be produced at blanching conditions of 69°C and 22 min.
- Published
- 1996
25. The Characterizing of Particles by the Manner in which they break
- Author
-
W. John Barnard and Frederick A. Bull
- Subjects
Materials science ,Breakage ,Irregular shape ,General Materials Science ,General Chemistry ,Mechanics ,Condensed Matter Physics - Abstract
A modified drop-shatter test apparatus was used to study the primary breakage of particles of two solid fuels. In this apparatus many particles could be subjected to just one impact under known conditions. About 100000 particles of each fuel, sorted by size and shape into eight separate groups, were dropped from four different heights and the fragments thus formed were sifted to determine their size distributions, that is the experimental breakage functions. The interior of particles, of regular or irregular shape, fails under tension and the resulting fragmentation is due to stress-activated volume flaws which give rise to coarse fragments whose distribution can be represented by a theoretical breakage function of the form where z is the relative size of the fragments and γ is the number of stress-activated volume flaws per particle. The average values of γ, given by μγ = λ/(1 – e−λ), ranged from about one to five, corresponding to the formation of two to six coarse fragments per broken particle. The probability of breakage was log-normally related to μγ.
- Published
- 1985
26. Effect of Parental Component Complementation on Yield and Components of Yield in Barley 1
- Author
-
J E Grafius, Roger L. Thomas, and John Barnard
- Subjects
Complementation ,Yield (engineering) ,Component (thermodynamics) ,Stress matrix ,Biophysics ,Biology ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Developmental morphology - Published
- 1976
27. A simple macroscopic staining and mounting procedure for wet sections from cadaver brains
- Author
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John Barnard, J. O. Roberts, and Joseph G. Brown
- Subjects
Staining and Labeling ,Chemistry ,Cadaver ,Simple (abstract algebra) ,Brain ,Humans ,Anatomy ,Coloring Agents ,Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Staining - Published
- 1949
28. Sensory Analysis of Carbonated Apple Juice Using Response Surface Methodology
- Author
-
John Barnard, M. R. McLELLAN, and D. T. Queale
- Subjects
Brix ,biology ,Chemistry ,Carbonation ,food and beverages ,Sweetness ,biology.organism_classification ,Sensory analysis ,Mouthfeel ,Soluble solids ,Food science ,Response surface methodology ,Aroma ,Food Science - Abstract
Carbonated apple juice, produced at various levels of soluble solids (Brix) and carbonation, was studied using response surface methodology with treatment levels based on a rotatable design. Sensory attributes of aroma, sweeteners, sourness, body, carbonation level, and acceptability were evaluated and response models derived where appropriate. Aroma intensity was not significantly affected by level of soluble solids or carbonation level. A model including linear and quadratic effects was derived for sweetness response and perceived carbonation level. Sourness and body (mouthfeel) were modeled with significant linear effects. The model derived for the acceptability of the juice had a ridge of high acceptability running through the range of typical soluble solids and carbonation levels.
- Published
- 1984
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