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Results: This case illustrated the use of TADs. MEAW combines TADs with modified Class III elastics for camouflage therapy. It is a potentially effective treatment option for adolescents diagnosed with Class III skeletal malocclusion.

Abstract Background and Aims Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) add billions of dollars to the direct annual costs associated with diabetes. Despite various treatments, many DFUs do not heal and become infected. Both skin‐associated microbial communities and glycemic control are believed to be important in nonhealing DFUs. Recent studies have linked serum Vitamin C levels with glycemic control and DFUs. This cross‐sectional study assessed skin microbiome in DFUs, intact diabetic skin, and nondiabetic skin to identify correlations between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), Vitamin C, and microbial community structure. Correlations between Vitamin C, HbA1c, wound size, and ulcer duration were also determined. Methods Participants had their DFUs or intact skin culture swabbed. HbA1c was obtained via point‐of‐care fingerstick testing and serum Vitamin C was obtained via venipuncture. All participants completed a dietary questionnaire. Participants with ulcers were stratified into the controlled (≤8.0%) or uncontrolled (>8.0%) HbA1c group. Analysis of microbial communities was performed via 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene amplicon sequencing and bacterial load was measured by the domain‐level quantitative polymerase chain reaction of the 16S rRNA gene. Results Forty‐two patients were recruited over 6 months. Bacteria from the genera Staphylococcus and Stenotrophomonas were present in all samples and often dominant, but a shift towards anaerobic pathogenic taxa was observed in ulcers. No global significant differences were observed for HbA1c and Vitamin C levels in the microbial community structure (R 0.375). Bacterial loads were 4–5 orders of magnitude higher in ulcers than in intact skin samples. Bacterial load was not significantly higher in the uncontrolled HbA1c group (p = 0.67). Larger wound sizes (p = 0.46) were observed in the uncontrolled HbA1c group compared to the control. Lower Vitamin C levels (p = 0.002) were observed in the uncontrolled HbA1c group compared to nondiabetic controls. Conclusion Understanding the link between Vitamin C and HbA1c and DFU microbiome may aid in new therapies.

This study performed a series of experiments to examine the hydraulic-mechanical properties of granite-weathered residual soil in the Korean Peninsula. Particular attention was paid to the soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) and shear strength under various stress states and matric suction levels. The experimental results indicated the decisive influence of the stress state on the SWCC, notably in the low range of matric suction. In addition, the evolution of shear strength with suction became significant under high net confining stress. The effective stress using the stress-independent SWCC could not describe the actual mechanical behaviors of the unsaturated soil. The relevant effective stress for the granite-weathered residual soil in consideration was then proposed. Next, a numerical framework for strength analysis with infiltration was developed to manifest the practical applications of the experimental results. The analysis results revealed the potential failure mechanisms of the geotechnical infrastructures induced by rainfall. Ignoring the contribution of matric suction may lead to overly conservative outcomes and cannot capture the realistic performance of soil under the rainfall condition. Moreover, the stress-dependent hydraulic properties are suggested for application in strength analysis for the safer design of geotechnical infrastructure.