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1. Ten practical guidelines for microclimate research in terrestrial ecosystems

Author: Pieter De Frenne, Rémy Beugnon, David Klinges, Jonathan Lenoir, Pekka Niittynen, Sylvain Pincebourde, Rebecca A. Senior, Juha Aalto, Kryštof Chytrý, Phillipa K. Gillingham, Caroline Greiser, Eva Gril, Stef Haesen, Michael Kearney, Martin Kopecký, Peter C. le Roux, Miska Luoto, Ilya Maclean, Matěj Man, Rachel Penczykowski, Liesbeth van denBrink, Stijn Van de Vondel, Karen De Pauw, Jonas J. Lembrechts, Julia Kemppinen, and Koenraad Van Meerbeek
Subjects: air and soil temperature, climate change, field handbook, humidity, macroclimate, microclimate, Ecology, QH540-549.5, Evolution, QH359-425
Abstract: Abstract Most biodiversity dynamics and ecosystem processes on land take place in microclimates that are decoupled from the climate as measured by standardised weather stations in open, unshaded locations. As a result, microclimate monitoring is increasingly being integrated in many studies in ecology and evolution. Overviews of the protocols and measurement methods related to microclimate are needed, especially for those starting in the field and to achieve more generality and standardisation in microclimate studies. Here, we present 10 practical guidelines for ground‐based research of terrestrial microclimates, covering methods and best practices from initial conceptualisation of the study to data analyses. Our guidelines encompass the significance of microclimates; the specifics of what, where, when and how to measure them; the design of microclimate studies; and the optimal approaches for analysing and sharing data for future use and collaborations. The paper is structured as a chronological guide, leading the reader through each step necessary to conduct a comprehensive microclimate study. At the end, we also discuss further research avenues and development in this field. With these 10 guidelines for microclimate monitoring, we hope to stimulate and advance microclimate research in ecology and evolution, especially under the pressing need to account for buffering or amplifying abilities of contrasting microhabitats in the context of global climate change.
Published: 2025
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2. USE it: Uniformly sampling pseudo‐absences within the environmental space for applications in habitat suitability models

Author: Daniele Da Re, Enrico Tordoni, Jonathan Lenoir, Jonas J. Lembrechts, Sophie O. Vanwambeke, Duccio Rocchini, and Manuele Bazzichetto
Subjects: background points, class overlap, ecological niche models, presence‐only models, reproducibility, sample location bias, Ecology, QH540-549.5, Evolution, QH359-425
Abstract: Abstract Habitat suitability models infer the geographical distribution of species using occurrence data and environmental variables. While data on species presence are increasingly accessible, the difficulty of confirming real absences in the field often forces researchers to generate them in silico. To this aim, pseudo‐absences are commonly sampled randomly across the study area (i.e. the geographical space). However, this introduces sample location bias (i.e. the sampling is unbalanced towards the most frequent habitats occurring within the geographical space) and favours class overlap (i.e. overlap between environmental conditions associated with species presences and pseudo‐absences) in the training dataset. To mitigate this, we propose an alternative methodology (i.e. the uniform approach) that systematically samples pseudo‐absences within a portion of the environmental space delimited by a kernel‐based filter, which seeks to minimise the number of false absences included in the training dataset. We simulated 50 virtual species and modelled their distribution using training datasets assembled with the presence points of the virtual species and pseudo‐absences collected using the uniform approach and other approaches that randomly sample pseudo‐absences within the geographical space. We compared the predictive performance of habitat suitability models and evaluated the extent of sample location bias and class overlap associated with the different sampling strategies. Results indicated that the uniform approach: (i) effectively reduces sample location bias and class overlap; (ii) provides comparable predictive performance to sampling strategies carried out in the geographical space; and (iii) ensures gathering pseudo‐absences adequately representing the environmental conditions available across the study area. We developed a set of R functions in an accompanying R package called USE to disseminate the uniform approach.
Published: 2023
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3. Climate‐driven ‘species‐on‐the‐move’ provide tangible anchors to engage the public on climate change

Author: Gretta T. Pecl, Rachel Kelly, Chloe Lucas, Ingrid vanPutten, Renuka Badhe, Curtis Champion, I‐Ching Chen, Omar Defeo, Juan Diego Gaitan‐Espitia, Birgitta Evengård, Damien A. Fordham, Fengyi Guo, Romina Henriques, Sabine Henry, Jonathan Lenoir, Henry McGhie, Tero Mustonen, Stephen Oliver, Nathalie Pettorelli, Malin L. Pinsky, Warren Potts, Julia Santana‐Garcon, Warwick Sauer, Anna‐Sofie Stensgaard, Morgan W. Tingley, and Adriana Verges
Subjects: biodiversity, climate change communication, climate change engagement, environmental communication, human values, message framing, Human ecology. Anthropogeography, GF1-900, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: Abstract Over recent decades, our understanding of climate change has accelerated greatly, but unfortunately, observable impacts have increased in tandem. Both mitigation and adaptation have not progressed at the level or scale warranted by our collective knowledge on climate change. More effective approaches to engage people on current and future anthropogenic climate change effects are urgently needed. Here, we show how species whose distributions are shifting in response to climate change, that is, ‘species‐on‐the‐move’, present an opportunity to engage people with climate change by linking to human values, and our deep connections with the places in which we live, in a locally relevant yet globally coherent narrative. Species‐on‐the‐move can impact ecosystem structure and function, food security, human health, livelihoods, culture and even the climate itself through feedback to the climate system, presenting a wide variety of potential pathways for people to understand that climate change affects them personally as individuals. Citizen science focussed on documenting changes in biodiversity is one approach to foster a deeper engagement on climate change. However, other possible avenues, which may offer potential to engage people currently unconnected with nature, include arts, games or collaborations with rural agriculture (e.g. new occurrences of pest species) or fisheries organisations (e.g. shifting stocks) or healthcare providers (e.g. changing distributions of disease vectors). Through the importance we place on the aspects of life impacted by the redistribution of species around us, species‐on‐the‐move offer emotional pathways to connect with people on the complex issue of climate change in profound ways that have the potential to engender interest and action on climate change. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Published: 2023
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4. Slope and equilibrium: A parsimonious and flexible approach to model microclimate

Author: Eva Gril, Fabien Spicher, Caroline Greiser, Michael B. Ashcroft, Sylvain Pincebourde, Sylvie Durrieu, Manuel Nicolas, Benoit Richard, Guillaume Decocq, Ronan Marrec, and Jonathan Lenoir
Subjects: buffering, canopy cover, forest, macroclimate, microclimate, offset, Ecology, QH540-549.5, Evolution, QH359-425
Abstract: Abstract Most statistical models of microclimate focus on the difference or ‘offset’ between standardized air temperatures (macroclimate) and those of a specific habitat such as forest understorey, grassland or under a log. However, these offsets can fluctuate from positive to negative over a single day such that common practice consists in aggregating data into daily mean, minimum and maximum before modelling monthly offsets for each summary statistic. Here, we propose a more parsimonious and flexible approach relying on just two parameters: the slope and equilibrium. The slope captures the linear relationship between microclimate and macroclimate, while the equilibrium is the point at which microclimate equals macroclimate. Although applicable to other habitats, we demonstrate the relevance of our method by focusing on forest understoreys. We installed temperature sensors at 1‐m height inside forest stands and in nearby open grasslands equipped with standardized weather stations, across 13 sites in France spanning a wide climatic gradient. From a year of hourly temperatures and for each sensor, we established relationships between microclimate and macroclimate temperatures using two linear mixed‐effects models, during the leaf‐on (May–November) and leaf‐off period (December–April). We extracted the monthly equilibrium and slope for each sensor, and used another set of linear mixed‐effects models to investigate their main determinants. The slope was chiefly determined by stand structure variables interacting with the leaf‐on/leaf‐off period: stand type (conifer vs broadleaf); shade‐casting ability; stand age; dominant height; stem density; and cover of the upper and lower shrub layer. In contrast, forest structure had no explanatory power on the equilibrium. We found the equilibrium to be positively related to mean macroclimate temperature, interacting with the open/forest habitat. The method introduced here overcomes several shortcomings of modelling microclimate offsets. By demonstrating that the slope and equilibrium vary in predictable ways, we have established a general linkage between microclimate and macroclimate temperatures that can be applied to any location or time if we know the mean macroclimate temperature (equilibrium) and buffering or amplifying capacity of the habitat (slope). We also warn about methodological biases due to the reference used for macroclimate.
Published: 2023
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5. On the measurement of microclimate

Author: Ilya M. D. Maclean, James P. Duffy, Stef Haesen, Sanne Govaert, Pieter De Frenne, Thomas Vanneste, Jonathan Lenoir, Jonas J. Lembrechts, Marcus W. Rhodes, and Koenraad Van Meerbeek
Subjects: air temperature, climate change, ecology, ground surface temperature, microhabitat, microrefugia, Ecology, QH540-549.5, Evolution, QH359-425
Abstract: Abstract Many organisms live in environments in which temperatures differ substantially from those measured by standard weather stations. The last decade has witnessed a paradigm shift in efforts to quantify these differences and to understand their ecological, functional and evolutionary implications. This renewed interest in microclimate ecology has been accompanied by the development of various compact temperature sensors and radiation shields. However, it is clear that there are many pitfalls when measuring temperature using these devices. Here we address the problem of measuring temperatures in these microenvironments accurately. We first discuss the theory of measuring surface, ground and air temperatures with reference to energy fluxes and how these are modified by material, reflective properties and size of the device. We highlight the particular difficulties associated with measuring air temperature. We then report on the results of a series of experiments in which air temperatures recorded by various commonly used microclimate temperature loggers are compared to those obtained using research‐grade instruments and synoptic weather stations. While accurate measurements of surface and ground temperatures and air temperatures at night and in shaded environments can be relatively easily obtained, we show substantial errors are to be expected when measuring air temperatures in environments exposed to sunlight. Most standard sensors yield large errors, which can reach 25°C due to radiative fluxes operating on the thermometer. This problem cannot be wholly overcome by shielding the thermometer from sunlight, as the shield itself will influence both the temperatures being measured and the accuracy of measurement. We demonstrate that reasonably accurate estimates of air temperature can be obtained with low‐cost and unshielded ultrafine‐wire thermocouples that possess low thermal emissivity and a highly reflective surface. As the processes that create microclimatic temperature variation are the same as those that cause errors, other logger types should be used with care, and generally avoided in environments exposed to sunlight and close to the ground where wind speeds are lower. We urge researchers interested in microclimates and their effects to pay greater heed to the physics of heat exchange when attempting to measure microclimate temperatures and to understand the trade‐offs that exist in doing so.
Published: 2021
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6. Roadside disturbance promotes plant communities with arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in mountain regions worldwide

Author: Clavel, Jan, primary, Lembrechts, Jonas J., additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Haider, Sylvia, additional, McDougall, Keith, additional, Nuñez, Martin A., additional, Alexander, Jake, additional, Barros, Agustina, additional, Milbau, Ann, additional, Seipel, Tim, additional, Pauchard, Anibal, additional, Fuentes‐Lillo, Eduardo, additional, Ratier Backes, Amanda, additional, Dar, Pervaiz, additional, Reshi, Zafar A., additional, Aleksanyan, Alla, additional, Zong, Shengwei, additional, Arevalo Sierra, José Ramón, additional, Aschero, Valeria, additional, Verbruggen, Erik, additional, and Nijs, Ivan, additional
Published: 2024
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7. Microclimate, an important part of ecology and biogeography

Author: Kemppinen, Julia, primary, Lembrechts, Jonas J., additional, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, additional, Carnicer, Jofre, additional, Chardon, Nathalie Isabelle, additional, Kardol, Paul, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Liu, Daijun, additional, Maclean, Ilya, additional, Pergl, Jan, additional, Saccone, Patrick, additional, Senior, Rebecca A., additional, Shen, Ting, additional, Słowińska, Sandra, additional, Vandvik, Vigdis, additional, von Oppen, Jonathan, additional, Aalto, Juha, additional, Ayalew, Biruk, additional, Bates, Olivia, additional, Bertelsmeier, Cleo, additional, Bertrand, Romain, additional, Beugnon, Rémy, additional, Borderieux, Jeremy, additional, Brůna, Josef, additional, Buckley, Lauren, additional, Bujan, Jelena, additional, Casanova‐Katny, Angelica, additional, Christiansen, Ditte Marie, additional, Collart, Flavien, additional, De Lombaerde, Emiel, additional, De Pauw, Karen, additional, Depauw, Leen, additional, Di Musciano, Michele, additional, Díaz Borrego, Raquel, additional, Díaz‐Calafat, Joan, additional, Ellis‐Soto, Diego, additional, Esteban, Raquel, additional, de Jong, Geerte Fälthammar, additional, Gallois, Elise, additional, Garcia, Maria Begoña, additional, Gillerot, Loïc, additional, Greiser, Caroline, additional, Gril, Eva, additional, Haesen, Stef, additional, Hampe, Arndt, additional, Hedwall, Per‐Ola, additional, Hes, Gabriel, additional, Hespanhol, Helena, additional, Hoffrén, Raúl, additional, Hylander, Kristoffer, additional, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, additional, Jucker, Tommaso, additional, Klinges, David, additional, Kolstela, Joonas, additional, Kopecký, Martin, additional, Kovács, Bence, additional, Maeda, Eduardo Eiji, additional, Máliš, František, additional, Man, Matěj, additional, Mathiak, Corrie, additional, Meineri, Eric, additional, Naujokaitis‐Lewis, Ilona, additional, Nijs, Ivan, additional, Normand, Signe, additional, Nuñez, Martin, additional, Orczewska, Anna, additional, Peña‐Aguilera, Pablo, additional, Pincebourde, Sylvain, additional, Plichta, Roman, additional, Quick, Susan, additional, Renault, David, additional, Ricci, Lorenzo, additional, Rissanen, Tuuli, additional, Segura‐Hernández, Laura, additional, Selvi, Federico, additional, Serra‐Diaz, Josep M., additional, Soifer, Lydia, additional, Spicher, Fabien, additional, Svenning, Jens‐Christian, additional, Tamian, Anouch, additional, Thomaes, Arno, additional, Thoonen, Marijke, additional, Trew, Brittany, additional, Van de Vondel, Stijn, additional, van den Brink, Liesbeth, additional, Vangansbeke, Pieter, additional, Verdonck, Sanne, additional, Vitkova, Michaela, additional, Vives‐Ingla, Maria, additional, von Schmalensee, Loke, additional, Wang, Runxi, additional, Wild, Jan, additional, Williamson, Joseph, additional, Zellweger, Florian, additional, Zhou, Xiaqu, additional, Zuza, Emmanuel Junior, additional, and De Frenne, Pieter, additional
Published: 2024
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8. Bringing traits back into the equation: A roadmap to understand species redistribution

Author: Comte, Lise, primary, Bertrand, Romain, additional, Diamond, Sarah, additional, Lancaster, Lesley T., additional, Pinsky, Malin L., additional, Scheffers, Brett R., additional, Baecher, J. Alex, additional, Bandara, R. M. W. J., additional, Chen, I‐Ching, additional, Lawlor, Jake A., additional, Moore, Nikki A., additional, Oliveira, Brunno F., additional, Murienne, Jerome, additional, Rolland, Jonathan, additional, Rubenstein, Madeleine A., additional, Sunday, Jennifer, additional, Thompson, Laura M., additional, Villalobos, Fabricio, additional, Weiskopf, Sarah R., additional, and Lenoir, Jonathan, additional
Published: 2024
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9. Toward reliable habitat suitability and accessibility models in an era of multiple environmental stressors

Author: Hanne De Kort, Michel Baguette, Jonathan Lenoir, and Virginie M. Stevens
Subjects: Anthropocene, biological conservation, ecological niche modeling, global change, habitat suitability modeling, management, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: Abstract Global biodiversity declines, largely driven by climate and land‐use changes, urge the development of transparent guidelines for effective conservation strategies. Species distribution modeling (SDM) is a widely used approach for predicting potential shifts in species distributions, which can in turn support ecological conservation where environmental change is expected to impact population and community dynamics. Improvements in SDM accuracy through incorporating intra‐ and interspecific processes have boosted the SDM field forward, but simultaneously urge harmonizing the vast array of SDM approaches into an overarching, widely adoptable, and scientifically justified SDM framework. In this review, we first discuss how climate warming and land‐use change interact to govern population dynamics and species’ distributions, depending on species’ dispersal and evolutionary abilities. We particularly emphasize that both land‐use and climate change can reduce the accessibility to suitable habitat for many species, rendering the ability of species to colonize new habitat and to exchange genetic variation a crucial yet poorly implemented component of SDM. We then unite existing methodological SDM practices that aim to increase model accuracy through accounting for multiple global change stressors, dispersal, or evolution, while shifting our focus to model feasibility. We finally propose a roadmap harmonizing model accuracy and feasibility, applicable to both common and rare species, particularly those with poor dispersal abilities. This roadmap (a) paves the way for an overarching SDM framework allowing comparison and synthesis of different SDM studies and (b) could advance SDM to a level that allows systematic integration of SDM outcomes into effective conservation plans.
Published: 2020
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10. Diversity and distribution of Raunkiær's life forms in European vegetation

Author: Midolo, Gabriele, Axmanová, Irena, Divíšek, Jan, Dřevojan, Pavel, Lososová, Zdeňka, Večeřa, Martin, Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, Thuiller, Wilfried, Bruelheide, Helge, Aćić, Svetlana, Attorre, Fabio, Biurrun, Idoia, Boch, Steffen, Bonari, Gianmaria, Čarni, Andraž, Chiarucci, Alessandro, Ćušterevska, Renata, Dengler, Jürgen, Dziuba, Tetiana, Garbolino, Emmanuel, Jandt, Ute, Lenoir, Jonathan, Marcenò, Corrado, Rūsiņa, Solvita, Šibík, Jozef, Škvorc, Željko, Stančić, Zvjezdana, Stanišić‐Vujačić, Milica, Svenning, Jens‐Christian, Swacha, Grzegorz, Vassilev, Kiril, Chytrý, Milan, Midolo, Gabriele, Axmanová, Irena, Divíšek, Jan, Dřevojan, Pavel, Lososová, Zdeňka, Večeřa, Martin, Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, Thuiller, Wilfried, Bruelheide, Helge, Aćić, Svetlana, Attorre, Fabio, Biurrun, Idoia, Boch, Steffen, Bonari, Gianmaria, Čarni, Andraž, Chiarucci, Alessandro, Ćušterevska, Renata, Dengler, Jürgen, Dziuba, Tetiana, Garbolino, Emmanuel, Jandt, Ute, Lenoir, Jonathan, Marcenò, Corrado, Rūsiņa, Solvita, Šibík, Jozef, Škvorc, Željko, Stančić, Zvjezdana, Stanišić‐Vujačić, Milica, Svenning, Jens‐Christian, Swacha, Grzegorz, Vassilev, Kiril, and Chytrý, Milan
Abstract: Aims: The Raunkiær's system classifies vascular plants into life forms based on the position of renewal buds during periods unfavourable for plant growth. Despite the importance of Raunkiær's system for ecological research, a study exploring the diversity and distribution of life forms on a continental scale is missing. We aim to (i) map the diversity and distribution of life forms in European vegetation and (ii) test for effects of bioclimatic variables while controlling for habitat-specific responses. Location: Europe. Methods: We used data on life forms of 8883 species recorded in 546,501 vegetation plots of different habitats (forest, grassland, scrub and wetland). For each plot, we calculated: (i) the proportion of species of each life form and (ii) the richness and evenness of life forms. We mapped these plot-level metrics averaged across 50 km × 50 km grid cells and modelled their response to bioclimatic variables. Results: Hemicryptophytes were the most widespread life form, especially in the temperate zone of Central Europe. Conversely, therophyte and chamaephyte species were more common in the Mediterranean as well as in the dry temperate regions. Moreover, chamaephytes were also more common in the boreal and arctic zones. Higher proportions of phanerophytes were found in the Mediterranean. Overall, a higher richness of life forms was found at lower latitudes while evenness showed more spatially heterogeneous patterns. Habitat type was the main discriminator for most of the responses analysed, but several moisture-related predictors still showed a marked effect on the diversity of therophytes and chamaephytes. Conclusions: Our maps can be used as a tool for future biogeographic and macro-ecological research at a continental scale. Habitat type and bioclimatic conditions are key for regulating the diversity and distribution of plant life forms, with concomitant consequences for the response of functional diversity in European vegetation to global environmen
Published: 2024

11. ReSurveyEurope: a database of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe

Author: Knollová, Ilona, Chytrý, Milan, Bruelheide, Helge, Dullinger, Stefan, Jandt, Ute, Bernhardt‐Römermann, Markus, Biurrun, Idoia, de Bello, Francesco, Glaser, Michael, Hennekens, Stephan, Jansen, Florian, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, Kadaš, Daniel, Kaplan, Ekin, Klinkovská, Klára, Lenzner, Bernd, Pauli, Harald, Sperandii, Marta Gaia, Verheyen, Kris, Winkler, Manuela, Abdaladze, Otar, Aćić, Svetlana, Acosta, Alicia T.R., Alignier, Audrey, Andrews, Christopher, Arlettaz, Raphaël, Attorre, Fabio, Axmanová, Irena, Babbi, Manuel, Baeten, Lander, Baran, Jakub, Barni, Elena, Benito‐Alonso, José‐Luis, Berg, Christian, Bergamini, Ariel, Berki, Imre, Boch, Steffen, Bock, Barbara, Bode, Frank, Bonari, Gianmaria, Boublík, Karel, Britton, Andrea J., Brunet, Jörg, Bruzzaniti, Vanessa, Buholzer, Serge, Burrascano, Sabina, Campos, Juan A., Carlsson, Bengt‐Göran, Carranza, Maria Laura, Černý, Tomáš, Charmillot, Kévin, Chiarucci, Alessandro, Choler, Philippe, Chytrý, Kryštof, Corcket, Emmanuel, Csecserits, Anikó, Cutini, Maurizio, Czarniecka‐Wiera, Marta, Danihelka, Jiří, de Francesco, Maria Carla, De Frenne, Pieter, Di Musciano, Michele, De Sanctis, Michele, Deák, Balázs, Decocq, Guillaume, Dembicz, Iwona, Dengler, Jürgen, Di Cecco, Valter, Dick, Jan, Diekmann, Martin, Dierschke, Hartmut, Dirnböck, Thomas, Doerfler, Inken, Doležal, Jiří, Döring, Ute, Durak, Tomasz, Dwyer, Ciara, Ejrnæs, Rasmus, Ermakova, Inna, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Fanelli, Giuliano, Fernández‐Calzado, María‐Rosa, Fickert, Thomas, Fischer, Andrea, Fischer, Markus, Foremnik, Kacper, Frouz, Jan, García‐González, Ricardo, García‐Magro, Daniel, García‐Mijangos, Itziar, Gavilán, Rosario G., Germ, Mateja, Ghosn, Dany, Gigauri, Khatuna, Gizela, Jaroslav, Golob, Aleksandra, Golub, Valentin, Gómez‐García, Daniel, Gowing, David, Grytnes, John‐Arvid, Güler, Behlül, Gutiérrez‐Girón, Alba, Haase, Peter, Haider, Sylvia, Hájek, Michal, Halassy, Melinda, Harásek, Martin, Härdtle, Werner, Heinken, Thilo, Hester, Alison, Humbert, Jean‐Yves, Ibáñez, Ricardo, Illa, Estela, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Jensen, Kai, Jentsch, Anke, Jiroušek, Martin, Kalníková, Veronika, Kanka, Róbert, Kapfer, Jutta, Kazakis, George, Kermavnar, Janez, Kesting, Stefan, Khanina, Larisa, Kindermann, Elisabeth, Kotrík, Marek, Koutecký, Tomáš, Kozub, Łukasz, Kuhn, Gisbert, Kutnar, Lado, La Montagna, Dario, Lamprecht, Andrea, Lenoir, Jonathan, Lepš, Jan, Leuschner, Christoph, Lorite, Juan, Madsen, Bjarke, Ugarte, Rosina Magaña, Malicki, Marek, Maliniemi, Tuija, Máliš, František, Maringer, Alexander, Marrs, Robert, Matesanz, Silvia, Metze, Katrin, Meyer, Stefan, Millett, Jonathan, Mitchell, Ruth J., Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, Moiseev, Pavel, di Cella, Umberto Morra, Mudrák, Ondřej, Müller, Frank, Müller, Norbert, Naaf, Tobias, Nagy, Laszlo, Napoleone, Francesca, Nascimbene, Juri, Navrátilová, Jana, Ninot, Josep M., Niu, Yujie, Normand, Signe, Ogaya, Romá, Onipchenko, Vladimir, Orczewska, Anna, Ortmann‐Ajkai, Adrienne, Pakeman, Robin J., Pardo, Iker, Pätsch, Ricarda, Peet, Robert K., Penuelas, Josep, Peppler‐Lisbach, Cord, Pérez‐Hernández, Javier, Pérez‐Haase, Aaron, Petraglia, Alessandro, Petřík, Petr, Pielech, Remigiusz, Piórkowski, Hubert, Pladevall‐Izard, Eulàlia, Poschlod, Peter, Prach, Karel, Praleskouskaya, Safiya, Prokhorov, Vadim, Provoost, Sam, Pușcaș, Mihai, Pustková, Štěpánka, Randin, Christophe François, Rašomavičius, Valerijus, Reczyńska, Kamila, Rédei, Tamás, Řehounková, Klára, Richner, Nina, Risch, Anita C., Rixen, Christian, Rosbakh, Sergey, Roscher, Christiane, Rosenthal, Gert, Rossi, Graziano, Rötzer, Harald, Roux, Camille, Rumpf, Sabine B., Ruprecht, Eszter, Rūsiņa, Solvita, Sanz‐Zubizarreta, Irati, Schindler, Meret, Schmidt, Wolfgang, Schories, Dirk, Schrautzer, Joachim, Schubert, Hendrik, Schuetz, Martin, Schwabe, Angelika, Schwaiger, Helena, Schwartze, Peter, Šebesta, Jan, Seiler, Hallie, Šilc, Urban, Silva, Vasco, Šmilauer, Petr, Šmilauerová, Marie, Sperle, Thomas, Stachurska‐Swakoń, Alina, Stanik, Nils, Stanisci, Angela, Steffen, Kristina, Storm, Christian, Stroh, Hans Georg, Sugorkina, Nadezhda, Świerkosz, Krzysztof, Świerszcz, Sebastian, Szymura, Magdalena, Teleki, Balázs, Thébaud, Gilles, Theurillat, Jean‐Paul, Tichý, Lubomír, Treier, Urs A., Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Ujházy, Karol, Ujházyová, Mariana, Ursu, Tudor Mihai, Uziębło, Aldona K., Valkó, Orsolya, Van Calster, Hans, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Vandevoorde, Bart, Vandvik, Vigdis, Varricchione, Marco, Vassilev, Kiril, Villar, Luis, Virtanen, Risto, Vittoz, Pascal, Voigt, Winfried, von Hessberg, Andreas, von Oheimb, Goddert, Wagner, Eva, Walther, Gian‐Reto, Wellstein, Camilla, Wesche, Karsten, Wilhelm, Markus, Willner, Wolfgang, Wipf, Sonja, Wittig, Burghard, Wohlgemuth, Thomas, Woodcock, Ben A., Wulf, Monika, Essl, Franz, Knollová, Ilona, Chytrý, Milan, Bruelheide, Helge, Dullinger, Stefan, Jandt, Ute, Bernhardt‐Römermann, Markus, Biurrun, Idoia, de Bello, Francesco, Glaser, Michael, Hennekens, Stephan, Jansen, Florian, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, Kadaš, Daniel, Kaplan, Ekin, Klinkovská, Klára, Lenzner, Bernd, Pauli, Harald, Sperandii, Marta Gaia, Verheyen, Kris, Winkler, Manuela, Abdaladze, Otar, Aćić, Svetlana, Acosta, Alicia T.R., Alignier, Audrey, Andrews, Christopher, Arlettaz, Raphaël, Attorre, Fabio, Axmanová, Irena, Babbi, Manuel, Baeten, Lander, Baran, Jakub, Barni, Elena, Benito‐Alonso, José‐Luis, Berg, Christian, Bergamini, Ariel, Berki, Imre, Boch, Steffen, Bock, Barbara, Bode, Frank, Bonari, Gianmaria, Boublík, Karel, Britton, Andrea J., Brunet, Jörg, Bruzzaniti, Vanessa, Buholzer, Serge, Burrascano, Sabina, Campos, Juan A., Carlsson, Bengt‐Göran, Carranza, Maria Laura, Černý, Tomáš, Charmillot, Kévin, Chiarucci, Alessandro, Choler, Philippe, Chytrý, Kryštof, Corcket, Emmanuel, Csecserits, Anikó, Cutini, Maurizio, Czarniecka‐Wiera, Marta, Danihelka, Jiří, de Francesco, Maria Carla, De Frenne, Pieter, Di Musciano, Michele, De Sanctis, Michele, Deák, Balázs, Decocq, Guillaume, Dembicz, Iwona, Dengler, Jürgen, Di Cecco, Valter, Dick, Jan, Diekmann, Martin, Dierschke, Hartmut, Dirnböck, Thomas, Doerfler, Inken, Doležal, Jiří, Döring, Ute, Durak, Tomasz, Dwyer, Ciara, Ejrnæs, Rasmus, Ermakova, Inna, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Fanelli, Giuliano, Fernández‐Calzado, María‐Rosa, Fickert, Thomas, Fischer, Andrea, Fischer, Markus, Foremnik, Kacper, Frouz, Jan, García‐González, Ricardo, García‐Magro, Daniel, García‐Mijangos, Itziar, Gavilán, Rosario G., Germ, Mateja, Ghosn, Dany, Gigauri, Khatuna, Gizela, Jaroslav, Golob, Aleksandra, Golub, Valentin, Gómez‐García, Daniel, Gowing, David, Grytnes, John‐Arvid, Güler, Behlül, Gutiérrez‐Girón, Alba, Haase, Peter, Haider, Sylvia, Hájek, Michal, Halassy, Melinda, Harásek, Martin, Härdtle, Werner, Heinken, Thilo, Hester, Alison, Humbert, Jean‐Yves, Ibáñez, Ricardo, Illa, Estela, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Jensen, Kai, Jentsch, Anke, Jiroušek, Martin, Kalníková, Veronika, Kanka, Róbert, Kapfer, Jutta, Kazakis, George, Kermavnar, Janez, Kesting, Stefan, Khanina, Larisa, Kindermann, Elisabeth, Kotrík, Marek, Koutecký, Tomáš, Kozub, Łukasz, Kuhn, Gisbert, Kutnar, Lado, La Montagna, Dario, Lamprecht, Andrea, Lenoir, Jonathan, Lepš, Jan, Leuschner, Christoph, Lorite, Juan, Madsen, Bjarke, Ugarte, Rosina Magaña, Malicki, Marek, Maliniemi, Tuija, Máliš, František, Maringer, Alexander, Marrs, Robert, Matesanz, Silvia, Metze, Katrin, Meyer, Stefan, Millett, Jonathan, Mitchell, Ruth J., Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, Moiseev, Pavel, di Cella, Umberto Morra, Mudrák, Ondřej, Müller, Frank, Müller, Norbert, Naaf, Tobias, Nagy, Laszlo, Napoleone, Francesca, Nascimbene, Juri, Navrátilová, Jana, Ninot, Josep M., Niu, Yujie, Normand, Signe, Ogaya, Romá, Onipchenko, Vladimir, Orczewska, Anna, Ortmann‐Ajkai, Adrienne, Pakeman, Robin J., Pardo, Iker, Pätsch, Ricarda, Peet, Robert K., Penuelas, Josep, Peppler‐Lisbach, Cord, Pérez‐Hernández, Javier, Pérez‐Haase, Aaron, Petraglia, Alessandro, Petřík, Petr, Pielech, Remigiusz, Piórkowski, Hubert, Pladevall‐Izard, Eulàlia, Poschlod, Peter, Prach, Karel, Praleskouskaya, Safiya, Prokhorov, Vadim, Provoost, Sam, Pușcaș, Mihai, Pustková, Štěpánka, Randin, Christophe François, Rašomavičius, Valerijus, Reczyńska, Kamila, Rédei, Tamás, Řehounková, Klára, Richner, Nina, Risch, Anita C., Rixen, Christian, Rosbakh, Sergey, Roscher, Christiane, Rosenthal, Gert, Rossi, Graziano, Rötzer, Harald, Roux, Camille, Rumpf, Sabine B., Ruprecht, Eszter, Rūsiņa, Solvita, Sanz‐Zubizarreta, Irati, Schindler, Meret, Schmidt, Wolfgang, Schories, Dirk, Schrautzer, Joachim, Schubert, Hendrik, Schuetz, Martin, Schwabe, Angelika, Schwaiger, Helena, Schwartze, Peter, Šebesta, Jan, Seiler, Hallie, Šilc, Urban, Silva, Vasco, Šmilauer, Petr, Šmilauerová, Marie, Sperle, Thomas, Stachurska‐Swakoń, Alina, Stanik, Nils, Stanisci, Angela, Steffen, Kristina, Storm, Christian, Stroh, Hans Georg, Sugorkina, Nadezhda, Świerkosz, Krzysztof, Świerszcz, Sebastian, Szymura, Magdalena, Teleki, Balázs, Thébaud, Gilles, Theurillat, Jean‐Paul, Tichý, Lubomír, Treier, Urs A., Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Ujházy, Karol, Ujházyová, Mariana, Ursu, Tudor Mihai, Uziębło, Aldona K., Valkó, Orsolya, Van Calster, Hans, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Vandevoorde, Bart, Vandvik, Vigdis, Varricchione, Marco, Vassilev, Kiril, Villar, Luis, Virtanen, Risto, Vittoz, Pascal, Voigt, Winfried, von Hessberg, Andreas, von Oheimb, Goddert, Wagner, Eva, Walther, Gian‐Reto, Wellstein, Camilla, Wesche, Karsten, Wilhelm, Markus, Willner, Wolfgang, Wipf, Sonja, Wittig, Burghard, Wohlgemuth, Thomas, Woodcock, Ben A., Wulf, Monika, and Essl, Franz
Abstract: •Aims: We introduce ReSurveyEurope — a new data source of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe, compiled by a collaborative network of vegetation scientists. We describe the scope of this initiative, provide an overview of currently available data, governance, data contribution rules, and accessibility. In addition, we outline further steps, including potential research questions. •Results: ReSurveyEurope includes resurveyed vegetation plots from all habitats. Version 1.0 of ReSurveyEurope contains 283,135 observations (i.e., individual surveys of each plot) from 79,190 plots sampled in 449 independent resurvey projects. Of these, 62,139 (78%) are permanent plots, that is, marked in situ, or located with GPS, which allow for high spatial accuracy in resurvey. The remaining 17,051 (22%) plots are from studies in which plots from the initial survey could not be exactly relocated. Four data sets, which together account for 28,470 (36%) plots, provide only presence/absence information on plant species, while the remaining 50,720 (64%) plots contain abundance information (e.g., percentage cover or cover–abundance classes such as variants of the Braun-Blanquet scale). The oldest plots were sampled in 1911 in the Swiss Alps, while most plots were sampled between 1950 and 2020. •Conclusions: ReSurveyEurope is a new resource to address a wide range of research questions on fine-scale changes in European vegetation. The initiative is devoted to an inclusive and transparent governance and data usage approach, based on slightly adapted rules of the well-established European Vegetation Archive (EVA). ReSurveyEurope data are ready for use, and proposals for analyses of the data set can be submitted at any time to the coordinators. Still, further data contributions are highly welcome.
Published: 2024

12. Think globally, measure locally: The MIREN standardized protocol for monitoring plant species distributions along elevation gradients

Author: Sylvia Haider, Jonas J. Lembrechts, Keith McDougall, Aníbal Pauchard, Jake M. Alexander, Agustina Barros, Lohengrin A. Cavieres, Irfan Rashid, Lisa J. Rew, Alla Aleksanyan, José R. Arévalo, Valeria Aschero, Chelsea Chisholm, V. Ralph Clark, Jan Clavel, Curtis Daehler, Pervaiz A. Dar, Hansjörg Dietz, Romina D. Dimarco, Peter Edwards, Franz Essl, Eduardo Fuentes‐Lillo, Antoine Guisan, Onalenna Gwate, Anna L. Hargreaves, Gabi Jakobs, Alejandra Jiménez, Paul Kardol, Christoph Kueffer, Christian Larson, Jonathan Lenoir, Bernd Lenzner, Miguel A. Padrón Mederos, Maritza Mihoc, Ann Milbau, John W. Morgan, Jana Müllerová, Bridgett J. Naylor, Ivan Nijs, Martin A. Nuñez, Rüdiger Otto, Niels Preuk, Amanda Ratier Backes, Zafar A. Reshi, Sabine B. Rumpf, Verónica Sandoya, Mellesa Schroder, Karina L. Speziale, Davnah Urbach, Graciela Valencia, Vigdis Vandvik, Michaela Vitková, Tom Vorstenbosch, Tom W. N. Walker, Neville Walsh, Genevieve Wright, Shengwei Zong, and Tim Seipel
Subjects: climate change, invasive species, long‐term ecological monitoring, MIREN, mountain biodiversity, Mountain Invasion Research Network, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: Abstract Climate change and other global change drivers threaten plant diversity in mountains worldwide. A widely documented response to such environmental modifications is for plant species to change their elevational ranges. Range shifts are often idiosyncratic and difficult to generalize, partly due to variation in sampling methods. There is thus a need for a standardized monitoring strategy that can be applied across mountain regions to assess distribution changes and community turnover of native and non‐native plant species over space and time. Here, we present a conceptually intuitive and standardized protocol developed by the Mountain Invasion Research Network (MIREN) to systematically quantify global patterns of native and non‐native species distributions along elevation gradients and shifts arising from interactive effects of climate change and human disturbance. Usually repeated every five years, surveys consist of 20 sample sites located at equal elevation increments along three replicate roads per sampling region. At each site, three plots extend from the side of a mountain road into surrounding natural vegetation. The protocol has been successfully used in 18 regions worldwide from 2007 to present. Analyses of one point in time already generated some salient results, and revealed region‐specific elevational patterns of native plant species richness, but a globally consistent elevational decline in non‐native species richness. Non‐native plants were also more abundant directly adjacent to road edges, suggesting that disturbed roadsides serve as a vector for invasions into mountains. From the upcoming analyses of time series, even more exciting results can be expected, especially about range shifts. Implementing the protocol in more mountain regions globally would help to generate a more complete picture of how global change alters species distributions. This would inform conservation policy in mountain ecosystems, where some conservation policies remain poorly implemented.
Published: 2022
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13. Microclimate modulation: An overlooked mechanism influencing the impact of plant diversity on ecosystem functioning

Author: Beugnon, Rémy, primary, Le Guyader, Nolwenn, additional, Milcu, Alexandru, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Puissant, Jérémy, additional, Morin, Xavier, additional, and Hättenschwiler, Stephan, additional
Published: 2024
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14. ReSurveyEurope: A database of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe

Author: Knollová, Ilona, primary, Chytrý, Milan, additional, Bruelheide, Helge, additional, Dullinger, Stefan, additional, Jandt, Ute, additional, Bernhardt‐Römermann, Markus, additional, Biurrun, Idoia, additional, de Bello, Francesco, additional, Glaser, Michael, additional, Hennekens, Stephan, additional, Jansen, Florian, additional, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, additional, Kadaš, Daniel, additional, Kaplan, Ekin, additional, Klinkovská, Klára, additional, Lenzner, Bernd, additional, Pauli, Harald, additional, Sperandii, Marta Gaia, additional, Verheyen, Kris, additional, Winkler, Manuela, additional, Abdaladze, Otar, additional, Aćić, Svetlana, additional, Acosta, Alicia T. R., additional, Alignier, Audrey, additional, Andrews, Christopher, additional, Arlettaz, Raphaël, additional, Attorre, Fabio, additional, Axmanová, Irena, additional, Babbi, Manuel, additional, Baeten, Lander, additional, Baran, Jakub, additional, Barni, Elena, additional, Benito‐Alonso, José‐Luis, additional, Berg, Christian, additional, Bergamini, Ariel, additional, Berki, Imre, additional, Boch, Steffen, additional, Bock, Barbara, additional, Bode, Frank, additional, Bonari, Gianmaria, additional, Boublík, Karel, additional, Britton, Andrea J., additional, Brunet, Jörg, additional, Bruzzaniti, Vanessa, additional, Buholzer, Serge, additional, Burrascano, Sabina, additional, Campos, Juan A., additional, Carlsson, Bengt‐Göran, additional, Carranza, Maria Laura, additional, Černý, Tomáš, additional, Charmillot, Kévin, additional, Chiarucci, Alessandro, additional, Choler, Philippe, additional, Chytrý, Kryštof, additional, Corcket, Emmanuel, additional, Csecserits, Anikó, additional, Cutini, Maurizio, additional, Czarniecka‐Wiera, Marta, additional, Danihelka, Jiří, additional, de Francesco, Maria Carla, additional, De Frenne, Pieter, additional, Di Musciano, Michele, additional, De Sanctis, Michele, additional, Deák, Balázs, additional, Decocq, Guillaume, additional, Dembicz, Iwona, additional, Dengler, Jürgen, additional, Di Cecco, Valter, additional, Dick, Jan, additional, Diekmann, Martin, additional, Dierschke, Hartmut, additional, Dirnböck, Thomas, additional, Doerfler, Inken, additional, Doležal, Jiří, additional, Döring, Ute, additional, Durak, Tomasz, additional, Dwyer, Ciara, additional, Ejrnæs, Rasmus, additional, Ermakova, Inna, additional, Erschbamer, Brigitta, additional, Fanelli, Giuliano, additional, Fernández‐Calzado, María‐Rosa, additional, Fickert, Thomas, additional, Fischer, Andrea, additional, Fischer, Markus, additional, Foremnik, Kacper, additional, Frouz, Jan, additional, García‐González, Ricardo, additional, García‐Magro, Daniel, additional, García‐Mijangos, Itziar, additional, Gavilán, Rosario G., additional, Germ, Mateja, additional, Ghosn, Dany, additional, Gigauri, Khatuna, additional, Gizela, Jaroslav, additional, Golob, Aleksandra, additional, Golub, Valentin, additional, Gómez‐García, Daniel, additional, Gowing, David, additional, Grytnes, John‐Arvid, additional, Güler, Behlül, additional, Gutiérrez‐Girón, Alba, additional, Haase, Peter, additional, Haider, Sylvia, additional, Hájek, Michal, additional, Halassy, Melinda, additional, Harásek, Martin, additional, Härdtle, Werner, additional, Heinken, Thilo, additional, Hester, Alison, additional, Humbert, Jean‐Yves, additional, Ibáñez, Ricardo, additional, Illa, Estela, additional, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, additional, Jensen, Kai, additional, Jentsch, Anke, additional, Jiroušek, Martin, additional, Kalníková, Veronika, additional, Kanka, Róbert, additional, Kapfer, Jutta, additional, Kazakis, George, additional, Kermavnar, Janez, additional, Kesting, Stefan, additional, Khanina, Larisa, additional, Kindermann, Elisabeth, additional, Kotrík, Marek, additional, Koutecký, Tomáš, additional, Kozub, Łukasz, additional, Kuhn, Gisbert, additional, Kutnar, Lado, additional, La Montagna, Dario, additional, Lamprecht, Andrea, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Lepš, Jan, additional, Leuschner, Christoph, additional, Lorite, Juan, additional, Madsen, Bjarke, additional, Ugarte, Rosina Magaña, additional, Malicki, Marek, additional, Maliniemi, Tuija, additional, Máliš, František, additional, Maringer, Alexander, additional, Marrs, Robert, additional, Matesanz, Silvia, additional, Metze, Katrin, additional, Meyer, Stefan, additional, Millett, Jonathan, additional, Mitchell, Ruth J., additional, Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, additional, Moiseev, Pavel, additional, di Cella, Umberto Morra, additional, Mudrák, Ondřej, additional, Müller, Frank, additional, Müller, Norbert, additional, Naaf, Tobias, additional, Nagy, Laszlo, additional, Napoleone, Francesca, additional, Nascimbene, Juri, additional, Navrátilová, Jana, additional, Ninot, Josep M., additional, Niu, Yujie, additional, Normand, Signe, additional, Ogaya, Romá, additional, Onipchenko, Vladimir, additional, Orczewska, Anna, additional, Ortmann‐Ajkai, Adrienne, additional, Pakeman, Robin J., additional, Pardo, Iker, additional, Pätsch, Ricarda, additional, Peet, Robert K., additional, Penuelas, Josep, additional, Peppler‐Lisbach, Cord, additional, Pérez‐Hernández, Javier, additional, Pérez‐Haase, Aaron, additional, Petraglia, Alessandro, additional, Petřík, Petr, additional, Pielech, Remigiusz, additional, Piórkowski, Hubert, additional, Pladevall‐Izard, Eulàlia, additional, Poschlod, Peter, additional, Prach, Karel, additional, Praleskouskaya, Safiya, additional, Prokhorov, Vadim, additional, Provoost, Sam, additional, Pușcaș, Mihai, additional, Pustková, Štěpánka, additional, Randin, Christophe François, additional, Rašomavičius, Valerijus, additional, Reczyńska, Kamila, additional, Rédei, Tamás, additional, Řehounková, Klára, additional, Richner, Nina, additional, Risch, Anita C., additional, Rixen, Christian, additional, Rosbakh, Sergey, additional, Roscher, Christiane, additional, Rosenthal, Gert, additional, Rossi, Graziano, additional, Rötzer, Harald, additional, Roux, Camille, additional, Rumpf, Sabine B., additional, Ruprecht, Eszter, additional, Rūsiņa, Solvita, additional, Sanz‐Zubizarreta, Irati, additional, Schindler, Meret, additional, Schmidt, Wolfgang, additional, Schories, Dirk, additional, Schrautzer, Joachim, additional, Schubert, Hendrik, additional, Schuetz, Martin, additional, Schwabe, Angelika, additional, Schwaiger, Helena, additional, Schwartze, Peter, additional, Šebesta, Jan, additional, Seiler, Hallie, additional, Šilc, Urban, additional, Silva, Vasco, additional, Šmilauer, Petr, additional, Šmilauerová, Marie, additional, Sperle, Thomas, additional, Stachurska‐Swakoń, Alina, additional, Stanik, Nils, additional, Stanisci, Angela, additional, Steffen, Kristina, additional, Storm, Christian, additional, Stroh, Hans Georg, additional, Sugorkina, Nadezhda, additional, Świerkosz, Krzysztof, additional, Świerszcz, Sebastian, additional, Szymura, Magdalena, additional, Teleki, Balázs, additional, Thébaud, Gilles, additional, Theurillat, Jean‐Paul, additional, Tichý, Lubomír, additional, Treier, Urs A., additional, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, additional, Ujházy, Karol, additional, Ujházyová, Mariana, additional, Ursu, Tudor Mihai, additional, Uziębło, Aldona K., additional, Valkó, Orsolya, additional, Van Calster, Hans, additional, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, additional, Vandevoorde, Bart, additional, Vandvik, Vigdis, additional, Varricchione, Marco, additional, Vassilev, Kiril, additional, Villar, Luis, additional, Virtanen, Risto, additional, Vittoz, Pascal, additional, Voigt, Winfried, additional, von Hessberg, Andreas, additional, von Oheimb, Goddert, additional, Wagner, Eva, additional, Walther, Gian‐Reto, additional, Wellstein, Camilla, additional, Wesche, Karsten, additional, Wilhelm, Markus, additional, Willner, Wolfgang, additional, Wipf, Sonja, additional, Wittig, Burghard, additional, Wohlgemuth, Thomas, additional, Woodcock, Ben A., additional, Wulf, Monika, additional, and Essl, Franz, additional
Published: 2024
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15. Diversity and distribution of Raunkiær's life forms in European vegetation

Author: Midolo, Gabriele, primary, Axmanová, Irena, additional, Divíšek, Jan, additional, Dřevojan, Pavel, additional, Lososová, Zdeňka, additional, Večeřa, Martin, additional, Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, additional, Thuiller, Wilfried, additional, Bruelheide, Helge, additional, Aćić, Svetlana, additional, Attorre, Fabio, additional, Biurrun, Idoia, additional, Boch, Steffen, additional, Bonari, Gianmaria, additional, Čarni, Andraž, additional, Chiarucci, Alessandro, additional, Ćušterevska, Renata, additional, Dengler, Jürgen, additional, Dziuba, Tetiana, additional, Garbolino, Emmanuel, additional, Jandt, Ute, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Marcenò, Corrado, additional, Rūsiņa, Solvita, additional, Šibík, Jozef, additional, Škvorc, Željko, additional, Stančić, Zvjezdana, additional, Stanišić‐Vujačić, Milica, additional, Svenning, Jens‐Christian, additional, Swacha, Grzegorz, additional, Vassilev, Kiril, additional, and Chytrý, Milan, additional
Published: 2024
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16. Remote sensing at the interface between ecology and climate sciences

Author: Duccio Rocchini and Jonathan Lenoir
Subjects: Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Published: 2021
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17. <scp>ForestClim</scp> —Bioclimatic variables for microclimate temperatures of European forests

Author: Stef Haesen, Jonas J. Lembrechts, Pieter De Frenne, Jonathan Lenoir, Juha Aalto, Michael B. Ashcroft, Martin Kopecký, Miska Luoto, Ilya Maclean, Ivan Nijs, Pekka Niittynen, Johan van den Hoogen, Nicola Arriga, Josef Brůna, Nina Buchmann, Marek Čiliak, Alessio Collalti, Emiel De Lombaerde, Patrice Descombes, Mana Gharun, Ignacio Goded, Sanne Govaert, Caroline Greiser, Achim Grelle, Carsten Gruening, Lucia Hederová, Kristoffer Hylander, Jürgen Kreyling, Bart Kruijt, Martin Macek, František Máliš, Matěj Man, Giovanni Manca, Radim Matula, Camille Meeussen, Sonia Merinero, Stefano Minerbi, Leonardo Montagnani, Lena Muffler, Romà Ogaya, Josep Penuelas, Roman Plichta, Miguel Portillo‐Estrada, Jonas Schmeddes, Ankit Shekhar, Fabien Spicher, Mariana Ujházyová, Pieter Vangansbeke, Robert Weigel, Jan Wild, Florian Zellweger, and Koenraad Van Meerbeek
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, WIMEK, Ecology, ForestTemp, boosted regression trees, SoilTemp, climate change, species distributions, forest microclimate, Environmental Chemistry, Water Systems and Global Change, Biodiversity, Boosted regression trees, Climate change, Ecosystem processes, Forest microclimate, Species Distributions, ecosystem processes, biodiversity, General Environmental Science
Abstract: Microclimate research gained renewed interest over the last decade and its importance for many ecological processes is increasingly being recognized. Consequently, the call for high-resolution microclimatic temperature grids across broad spatial extents is becoming more pressing to improve ecological models. Here, we provide a new set of open-access bioclimatic variables for microclimate temperatures of European forests at 25 × 25 m2 resolution. ISSN:1354-1013 ISSN:1365-2486
Published: 2023
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18. Evaluating plant lineage losses and gains in temperate forest understories: a phylogenetic perspective on climate change and nitrogen deposition

Author: Padullés Cubino, Josep, primary, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Li, Daijiang, additional, Montaño‐Centellas, Flavia A., additional, Retana, Javier, additional, Baeten, Lander, additional, Bernhardt‐Römermann, Markus, additional, Chudomelová, Markéta, additional, Closset, Déborah, additional, Decocq, Guillaume, additional, De Frenne, Pieter, additional, Diekmann, Martin, additional, Dirnböck, Thomas, additional, Durak, Tomasz, additional, Hédl, Radim, additional, Heinken, Thilo, additional, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, additional, Kopecký, Martin, additional, Macek, Martin, additional, Máliš, František, additional, Naaf, Tobias, additional, Orczewska, Anna, additional, Petřík, Petr, additional, Pielech, Remigiusz, additional, Reczyńska, Kamila, additional, Schmidt, Wolfgang, additional, Standovár, Tibor, additional, Świerkosz, Krzysztof, additional, Teleki, Balázs, additional, Verheyen, Kris, additional, Vild, Ondřej, additional, Waller, Donald, additional, Wulf, Monika, additional, and Chytrý, Milan, additional
Published: 2023
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19. Assisted migration in a warmer and drier climate: less climate buffering capacity, less facilitation and more fires at temperate latitudes?

Author: Michalet, Richard, primary, Carcaillet, Christopher, additional, Delerue, Florian, additional, Domec, Jean‐Christophe, additional, and Lenoir, Jonathan, additional
Published: 2023
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20. Deep learning to extract the meteorological by‐catch of wildlife cameras

Author: Alison, Jamie, primary, Payne, Stephanie, additional, Alexander, Jake M., additional, Bjorkman, Anne D., additional, Clark, Vincent Ralph, additional, Gwate, Onalenna, additional, Huntsaar, Maria, additional, Iseli, Evelin, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Mann, Hjalte Mads Rosenstand, additional, Steenhuisen, Sandy‐Lynn, additional, and Høye, Toke Thomas, additional
Published: 2023
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21. Using warming tolerances to predict understory plant responses to climate change

Author: Wei, Liping, primary, Sanczuk, Pieter, additional, De Pauw, Karen, additional, Caron, Maria Mercedes, additional, Selvi, Federico, additional, Hedwall, Per‐Ola, additional, Brunet, Jörg, additional, Cousins, Sara A. O., additional, Plue, Jan, additional, Spicher, Fabien, additional, Gasperini, Cristina, additional, Iacopetti, Giovanni, additional, Orczewska, Anna, additional, Uria‐Diez, Jaime, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Vangansbeke, Pieter, additional, and De Frenne, Pieter, additional
Published: 2023
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22. Trait–micro‐environment relationships of forest herb communities across Europe

Author: Govaert, Sanne, primary, Meeussen, Camille, additional, Vanneste, Thomas, additional, Bollmann, Kurt, additional, Brunet, Jörg, additional, Calders, Kim, additional, Cousins, Sara A. O., additional, De Pauw, Karen, additional, Diekmann, Martin, additional, Graae, Bente J., additional, Hedwall, Per‐Ola, additional, Iacopetti, Giovanni, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Lindmo, Sigrid, additional, Orczewska, Anna, additional, Ponette, Quentin, additional, Plue, Jan, additional, Sanczuk, Pieter, additional, Selvi, Federico, additional, Spicher, Fabien, additional, Verheyen, Kris, additional, Vangansbeke, Pieter, additional, and De Frenne, Pieter, additional
Published: 2023
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23. The drivers of dark diversity in the Scandinavian mountains are metric‐dependent

Author: Hostens, Lore, primary, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, additional, Wiegmans, Dymphna, additional, Larson, Keith, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Clavel, Jan, additional, Wedegärtner, Ronja, additional, Pirée, Amber, additional, Nijs, Ivan, additional, and Lembrechts, Jonas J., additional
Published: 2023
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24. Effects of experimental warming at the microhabitat scale on oak leaf traits and insect herbivory across a contrasting environmental gradient

Author: Moreira, Xoaquín, primary, Abdala‐Roberts, Luis, additional, Lago‐Núñez, Beatriz, additional, Cao, Ana, additional, De Pauw, Karen, additional, De Ro, Annelore, additional, Gasperini, Cristina, additional, Hedwall, Per‐Ola, additional, Iacopetti, Giovanni, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Meeussen, Camille, additional, Plue, Jan, additional, Sanczuk, Pieter, additional, Selvi, Federico, additional, Spicher, Fabien, additional, Vanden Broeck, An, additional, and De Frenne, Pieter, additional
Published: 2023
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25. USE it: Uniformly sampling pseudo‐absences within the environmental space for applications in habitat suitability models

Author: Da Re, Daniele, primary, Tordoni, Enrico, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Lembrechts, Jonas J., additional, Vanwambeke, Sophie O., additional, Rocchini, Duccio, additional, and Bazzichetto, Manuele, additional
Published: 2023
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26. Microclimate reveals the true thermal niche of forest plant species

Author: Haesen, Stef, primary, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Gril, Eva, additional, De Frenne, Pieter, additional, Lembrechts, Jonas J., additional, Kopecký, Martin, additional, Macek, Martin, additional, Man, Matěj, additional, Wild, Jan, additional, and Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, additional
Published: 2023
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27. Resampling alpine herbarium records reveals changes in plant traits over space and time

Author: Francesca Jaroszynska, Christian Rixen, Sarah Woodin, Jonathan Lenoir, and Sonja Wipf
Subjects: Ecology, Plant Science, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Published: 2023
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28. Assessment of soil compaction and rutting in managed forests through an airborne <scp>LiDAR</scp> technique

Author: Hamza Mohieddinne, Boris Brasseur, Emilie Gallet‐Moron, Jonathan Lenoir, Fabien Spicher, Ahmad Kobaissi, and Hélène Horen
Subjects: Soil Science, Environmental Chemistry, Development, General Environmental Science
Published: 2022
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29. Potential sources of time lags in calibrating species distribution models

Author: Essl, Franz, primary, García‐Rodríguez, Adrián, additional, Lenzner, Bernd, additional, Alexander, Jake M., additional, Capinha, César, additional, Gaüzère, Pierre, additional, Guisan, Antoine, additional, Kühn, Ingolf, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Richardson, David M., additional, Rumpf, Sabine B., additional, Svenning, Jens‐Christian, additional, Thuiller, Wilfried, additional, Zurell, Damaris, additional, and Dullinger, Stefan, additional
Published: 2023
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30. Climate‐driven ‘species‐on‐the‐move’ provide tangible anchors to engage the public on climate change

Author: Pecl, Gretta T., primary, Kelly, Rachel, additional, Lucas, Chloe, additional, van Putten, Ingrid, additional, Badhe, Renuka, additional, Champion, Curtis, additional, Chen, I‐Ching, additional, Defeo, Omar, additional, Gaitan‐Espitia, Juan Diego, additional, Evengård, Birgitta, additional, Fordham, Damien A., additional, Guo, Fengyi, additional, Henriques, Romina, additional, Henry, Sabine, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, McGhie, Henry, additional, Mustonen, Tero, additional, Oliver, Stephen, additional, Pettorelli, Nathalie, additional, Pinsky, Malin L., additional, Potts, Warren, additional, Santana‐Garcon, Julia, additional, Sauer, Warwick, additional, Stensgaard, Anna‐Sofie, additional, Tingley, Morgan W., additional, and Verges, Adriana, additional
Published: 2023
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31. Unveil the unseen: Using LiDAR to capture time‐lag dynamics in the herbaceous layer of European temperate forests

Author: Lenoir, Jonathan, Gril, Eva, Durrieu, Sylvie, Horen, Hélène, Laslier, Marianne, Lembrechts, Jonas J., Zellweger, Florian, Alleaume, Samuel, Brasseur, Boris, Buridant, Jérôme, Dayal, Karun, De Frenne, Pieter, Gallet‐Moron, Emilie, Marrec, Ronan, Meeussen, Camille, Rocchini, Duccio, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Decocq, Guillaume, Lenoir, Jonathan, Gril, Eva, Durrieu, Sylvie, Horen, Hélène, Laslier, Marianne, Lembrechts, Jonas J., Zellweger, Florian, Alleaume, Samuel, Brasseur, Bori, Buridant, Jérôme, Dayal, Karun, De Frenne, Pieter, Gallet‐Moron, Emilie, Marrec, Ronan, Meeussen, Camille, Rocchini, Duccio, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, and Decocq, Guillaume
Subjects: MEERDAAL FOREST, climatic debt, disequilibrium dynamics, archaeology, biodiversity, climatic debt, disequilibrium dynamics, forest management, historical ecology, microclimate, remote sensing, forest management, DIVERSITY, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Plant Science, remote sensing, PLANT-COMMUNITIES, Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, biodiversity, Science & Technology, historical ecology, LAND-USE, Ecology, SKID TRAILS, Plant Sciences, SOIL COMPACTION, archaeology, CLIMATE, Chemistry, AIRBORNE LIDAR, Earth and Environmental Sciences, VEGETATION, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, microclimate, RESPONSES
Abstract: 1. To understand time-lag dynamics in the response of biodiversity to contem- porary environmental changes (e.g. macroclimate warming and atmospheric pollution), we need to consider former anthropogenic forcing factors such as past land uses and management practices that can have both compounding and confounding effects. This is especially true in European temperate forests, where legacies from past human activities have left strong imprints on today’s understorey plant species composition, generating long-term lagging effects which can be mistakenly attributed to more recent macro-environmental changes. 2. By combining the expertise of plant, soil and historical ecologists together with remote sensing scientists, we review the potential of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) to unveil ghosts from the past in terms of former land uses and manage- ment practices. 3. We show that imprints from past land uses and management practices can still be captured today through well-chosen LiDAR-derived variables describing, at sub-decimetre scale, the vertical and horizontal micro-variations of vegetation and terrain structure hidden below treetops. 4. Synthesis. We encourage plant and soil ecologists to use LiDAR data and to work with historians, archaeologists and remote sensing scientists in order to select meaningful LiDAR-derived variables to account for time-lagged biotic responses to long-term macro-environmental changes.
Published: 2022
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32. Historical Forest Microclimates

Author: Emiel De Lombaerde, Karen De Pauw, Pallieter De Smedt, Jonathan Lenoir, Camille Meeussen, Thomas Vanneste, Kris Verheyen, Florian Zellweger, and Pieter De Frenne
Published: 2022
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33. Rooting depth and xylem vulnerability are independent woody plant traits jointly selected by aridity, seasonality, and water table depth

Author: Laughlin, Daniel C., Siefert, Andrew, Fleri, Jesse R., Tumber-Dávila, Shersingh Joseph, Hammond, William M., Sabatini, Francesco Maria, Damasceno, Gabriella, Aubin, Isabelle, Field, Richard, Hatim, Mohamed Z., Jansen, Steven, Lenoir, Jonathan, Lens, Frederic, McCarthy, James K., Niinemets, Ülo, Phillips, Oliver L., Attorre, Fabio, Bergeron, Yves, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Byun, Chaeho, Ćušterevska, Renata, Dengler, Jürgen, De Sanctis, Michele, Dolezal, Jiri, Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja, Hérault, Bruno, Homeier, Jürgen, Kattge, Jens, Meir, Patrick, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Noroozi, Jalil, Nowak, Arkadiusz, Peñuelas, Josep, Schmidt, Marco, Škvorc, Željko, Sultana, Fahmida, Ugarte, Rosina Magaña, Bruelheide, Helge, Laughlin, Daniel C., Siefert, Andrew, Fleri, Jesse R., Tumber-Dávila, Shersingh Joseph, Hammond, William M., Sabatini, Francesco Maria, Damasceno, Gabriella, Aubin, Isabelle, Field, Richard, Hatim, Mohamed Z., Jansen, Steven, Lenoir, Jonathan, Lens, Frederic, McCarthy, James K., Niinemets, Ülo, Phillips, Oliver L., Attorre, Fabio, Bergeron, Yves, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Byun, Chaeho, Ćušterevska, Renata, Dengler, Jürgen, De Sanctis, Michele, Dolezal, Jiri, Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja, Hérault, Bruno, Homeier, Jürgen, Kattge, Jens, Meir, Patrick, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Noroozi, Jalil, Nowak, Arkadiusz, Peñuelas, Josep, Schmidt, Marco, Škvorc, Željko, Sultana, Fahmida, Ugarte, Rosina Magaña, and Bruelheide, Helge
Abstract: Evolutionary radiations of woody taxa within arid environments were made possible by multiple trait innovations including deep roots and embolism-resistant xylem, but little is known about how these traits have coevolved across the phylogeny of woody plants or how they jointly influence the distribution of species. We synthesized global trait and vegetation plot datasets to examine how rooting depth and xylem vulnerability across 188 woody plant species interact with aridity, precipitation seasonality, and water table depth to influence species occurrence probabilities across all biomes. Xylem resistance to embolism and rooting depth are independent woody plant traits that do not exhibit an interspecific trade-off. Resistant xylem and deep roots increase occurrence probabilities in arid, seasonal climates over deep water tables. Resistant xylem and shallow roots increase occurrence probabilities in arid, nonseasonal climates over deep water tables. Vulnerable xylem and deep roots increase occurrence probabilities in arid, nonseasonal climates over shallow water tables. Lastly, vulnerable xylem and shallow roots increase occurrence probabilities in humid climates. Each combination of trait values optimizes occurrence probabilities in unique environmental conditions. Responses of deeply rooted vegetation may be buffered if evaporative demand changes faster than water table depth under climate change.
Published: 2023

34. Traits of dominant plant species drive normalized difference vegetation index in grasslands globally

Author: Engel, Thore, Bruelheide, Helge, Hoss, Daniela, Sabatini, Francesco M., Altman, Jan, Arfin‐Khan, Mohammed A. S., Bergmeier, Erwin, Černý, Tomáš, Chytrý, Milan, Dainese, Matteo, Dengler, Jürgen, Dolezal, Jiri, Field, Richard, Fischer, Felícia M., Huygens, Dries, Jandt, Ute, Jansen, Florian, Jentsch, Anke, Karger, Dirk N., Kattge, Jens, Lenoir, Jonathan, Lens, Frederic, Loos, Jaqueline, Niinemets, Ülo, Overbeck, Gerhard E., Ozinga, Wim A., Penuelas, Josep, Peyre, Gwendolyn, Phillips, Oliver, Reich, Peter B., Römermann, Christine, Sandel, Brody, Schmidt, Marco, Schrodt, Franziska, Velez‐Martin, Eduardo, Violle, Cyrille, Pillar, Valério, Engel, Thore, Bruelheide, Helge, Hoss, Daniela, Sabatini, Francesco M., Altman, Jan, Arfin‐Khan, Mohammed A. S., Bergmeier, Erwin, Černý, Tomáš, Chytrý, Milan, Dainese, Matteo, Dengler, Jürgen, Dolezal, Jiri, Field, Richard, Fischer, Felícia M., Huygens, Dries, Jandt, Ute, Jansen, Florian, Jentsch, Anke, Karger, Dirk N., Kattge, Jens, Lenoir, Jonathan, Lens, Frederic, Loos, Jaqueline, Niinemets, Ülo, Overbeck, Gerhard E., Ozinga, Wim A., Penuelas, Josep, Peyre, Gwendolyn, Phillips, Oliver, Reich, Peter B., Römermann, Christine, Sandel, Brody, Schmidt, Marco, Schrodt, Franziska, Velez‐Martin, Eduardo, Violle, Cyrille, and Pillar, Valério
Abstract: Aim: Theoretical, experimental and observational studies have shown that biodiversity–ecosystem functioning (BEF) relationships are influenced by functional community structure through two mutually non-exclusive mechanisms: (1) the dominance effect (which relates to the traits of the dominant species); and (2) the niche partitioning effect [which relates to functional diversity (FD)]. Although both mechanisms have been studied in plant communities and experiments at small spatial extents, it remains unclear whether evidence from small-extent case studies translates into a generalizable macroecological pattern. Here, we evaluate dominance and niche partitioning effects simultaneously in grassland systems world-wide. Location: Two thousand nine hundred and forty-one grassland plots globally. Time period: 2000–2014. Major taxa studied: Vascular plants. Methods: We obtained plot-based data on functional community structure from the global vegetation plot database “sPlot”, which combines species composition with plant trait data from the “TRY” database. We used data on the community-weighted mean (CWM) and FD for 18 ecologically relevant plant traits. As an indicator of primary productivity, we extracted the satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from MODIS. Using generalized additive models and deviation partitioning, we estimated the contributions of trait CWM and FD to the variation in annual maximum NDVI, while controlling for climatic variables and spatial structure. Results: Grassland communities dominated by relatively tall species with acquisitive traits had higher NDVI values, suggesting the prevalence of dominance effects for BEF relationships. We found no support for niche partitioning for the functional traits analysed, because NDVI remained unaffected by FD. Most of the predictive power of traits was shared by climatic predictors and spatial coordinates. This highlights the importance of community assembly processes for BEF relations
Published: 2023

35. Ellenberg-type indicator values for European vascular plant species

Author: Biología vegetal y ecología, Landaren biologia eta ekologia, Tichý, Lubomír, Axmanova, Irena, Dengler, Jürgen, Guarino, Riccardo, Jansen, Florian, Midolo, Gabriele, Nobis, Michael P. P., Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Acic, Svetlana, Attorre, Fabio, Bergmeier, Erwin, Biurrun Galarraga, Miren Idoia, Bonari, Gianmaria, Bruelheide, Helge, Campos Prieto, Juan Antonio, Čarni, Andraž, Chiarucci, Alessandro, Ćuk, Mirjana, Ćušterevska, Renata, Didukh, Yakiv, Dítě, Daniel, Dítě, Zuzana, Dziuba, Tetiana, Fanelli, Giuliano, Fernández Pascual, Eduardo, Garbolino, Emmanuel, Gavilán, Rosario G. G., Gégout, Jean-Claude, Graf, Ulrich, Güler, Behlül, Hájek, Michal, Hennekens, Stephan M., Jandt, Ute, Jašková, Anni, Jiménez Alfaro, Borja, Julve, Philippe, Kambach, Stephan, Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, Karrer, Gerhard, Kavgacı, Ali, Knollová, Ilona, Kuzemko, Anna, Küzmič, Filip, Landucci, Flavia, Lengyel, Attila, Lenoir, Jonathan, Marcenò, Corrado, Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, Novák, Pavel, Pérez Haase, Aaron, Peterka, Tomáš, Pielech, Remigiusz, Pignatti, Alessandro, Rašomavičius, Valerijus, Rūsiņa, Solvita, Saatkamp, Arne, Šilc, Urban, Škvorc, Željko, Theurillat, Jean-Paul, Wohlgemuth, Thomas, Chytrý, Milan, Biología vegetal y ecología, Landaren biologia eta ekologia, Tichý, Lubomír, Axmanova, Irena, Dengler, Jürgen, Guarino, Riccardo, Jansen, Florian, Midolo, Gabriele, Nobis, Michael P. P., Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Acic, Svetlana, Attorre, Fabio, Bergmeier, Erwin, Biurrun Galarraga, Miren Idoia, Bonari, Gianmaria, Bruelheide, Helge, Campos Prieto, Juan Antonio, Čarni, Andraž, Chiarucci, Alessandro, Ćuk, Mirjana, Ćušterevska, Renata, Didukh, Yakiv, Dítě, Daniel, Dítě, Zuzana, Dziuba, Tetiana, Fanelli, Giuliano, Fernández Pascual, Eduardo, Garbolino, Emmanuel, Gavilán, Rosario G. G., Gégout, Jean-Claude, Graf, Ulrich, Güler, Behlül, Hájek, Michal, Hennekens, Stephan M., Jandt, Ute, Jašková, Anni, Jiménez Alfaro, Borja, Julve, Philippe, Kambach, Stephan, Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, Karrer, Gerhard, Kavgacı, Ali, Knollová, Ilona, Kuzemko, Anna, Küzmič, Filip, Landucci, Flavia, Lengyel, Attila, Lenoir, Jonathan, Marcenò, Corrado, Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, Novák, Pavel, Pérez Haase, Aaron, Peterka, Tomáš, Pielech, Remigiusz, Pignatti, Alessandro, Rašomavičius, Valerijus, Rūsiņa, Solvita, Saatkamp, Arne, Šilc, Urban, Škvorc, Željko, Theurillat, Jean-Paul, Wohlgemuth, Thomas, and Chytrý, Milan
Abstract: Aims: Ellenberg-type indicator values are expert-based rankings of plant species according to their ecological optima on main environmental gradients. Here we extend the indicator-value system proposed by Heinz Ellenberg and co-authors for Central Europe by incorporating other systems of Ellenberg-type indicator values (i.e., those using scales compatible with Ellenberg values) developed for other European regions. Our aim is to create a harmonized data set of Ellenberg-type indicator values applicable at the European scale.Methods: We collected European data sets of indicator values for vascular plants and selected 13 data sets that used the nine-, ten- or twelve-degree scales defined by Ellenberg for light, temperature, moisture, reaction, nutrients and salinity. We compared these values with the original Ellenberg values and used those that showed consistent trends in regression slope and coefficient of determination. We calculated the average value for each combination of species and indicator values from these data sets. Based on species' co-occurrences in European vegetation plots, we also calculated new values for species that were not assigned an indicator value.Results: We provide a new data set of Ellenberg-type indicator values for 8908 European vascular plant species (8168 for light, 7400 for temperature, 8030 for moisture, 7282 for reaction, 7193 for nutrients, and 7507 for salinity), of which 398 species have been newly assigned to at least one indicator value.Conclusions: The newly introduced indicator values are compatible with the original Ellenberg values. They can be used for large-scale studies of the European flora and vegetation or for gap-filling in regional data sets. The European indicator values and the original and taxonomically harmonized regional data sets of Ellenberg-type indicator values are available in the Supporting Information and the Zenodo repository.
Published: 2023

36. Disturbance indicator values for European plants

Author: Midolo, Gabriele, Herben, Tomáš, Axmanová, Irena, Marcenò, Corrado, Pätsch, Ricarda, Bruelheide, Helge, Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, Aćić, Svetlana, Bergamini, Ariel, Bergmeier, Erwin, Biurrun, Idoia, Bonari, Gianmaria, Čarni, Andraž, Chiarucci, Alessandro, De Sanctis, Michele, Demina, Olga, Dengler, Jürgen, Dziuba, Tetiana, Fanelli, Giuliano, Garbolino, Emmanuel, Giusso del Galdo, Gianpietro, Goral, Friedemann, Güler, Behlül, Hinojos‐Mendoza, Guillermo, Jansen, Florian, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, Lengyel, Attila, Lenoir, Jonathan, Pérez‐Haase, Aaron, Pielech, Remigiusz, Prokhorov, Vadim, Rašomavičius, Valerijus, Ruprecht, Eszter, Rūsiņa, Solvita, Šilc, Urban, Škvorc, Željko, Stančić, Zvjezdana, Tatarenko, Irina, Chytrý, Milan, Midolo, Gabriele, Herben, Tomáš, Axmanová, Irena, Marcenò, Corrado, Pätsch, Ricarda, Bruelheide, Helge, Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, Aćić, Svetlana, Bergamini, Ariel, Bergmeier, Erwin, Biurrun, Idoia, Bonari, Gianmaria, Čarni, Andraž, Chiarucci, Alessandro, De Sanctis, Michele, Demina, Olga, Dengler, Jürgen, Dziuba, Tetiana, Fanelli, Giuliano, Garbolino, Emmanuel, Giusso del Galdo, Gianpietro, Goral, Friedemann, Güler, Behlül, Hinojos‐Mendoza, Guillermo, Jansen, Florian, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, Lengyel, Attila, Lenoir, Jonathan, Pérez‐Haase, Aaron, Pielech, Remigiusz, Prokhorov, Vadim, Rašomavičius, Valerijus, Ruprecht, Eszter, Rūsiņa, Solvita, Šilc, Urban, Škvorc, Željko, Stančić, Zvjezdana, Tatarenko, Irina, and Chytrý, Milan
Abstract: Motivation: Indicator values are numerical values used to characterize the ecological niches of species and to estimate their occurrence along gradients. Indicator values on climatic and edaphic niches of plant species have received considerable attention in ecological research, whereas data on the optimal positioning of species along disturbance gradients are less developed. Here, we present a new data set of disturbance indicator values identifying optima along gradients of natural and anthropogenic disturbance for 6382 vascular plant species based on the analysis of 736,366 European vegetation plots and using expert-based characterization of disturbance regimes in 236 habitat types. The indicator values presented here are crucial for integrating disturbance niche optima into large-scale vegetation analyses and macroecological studies. Main types of variables contained: We set up five main continuous indicator values for European vascular plants: disturbance severity, disturbance frequency, mowing frequency, grazing pressure and soil disturbance. The first two indicators are provided separately for the whole community and for the herb layer. We calculated the values as the average of expert-based estimates of disturbance values in all habitat types where a species occurs, weighted by the number of plots in which the species occurs within a given habitat type. Spatial location and grain: Europe. Vegetation plots ranging in size from 1 to 1000 m2. Time period and grain: Vegetation plots mostly sampled between 1956 and 2013 (= 5th and 95th quantiles of the sampling year, respectively). Major taxa and level of measurement: Species-level indicator values for vascular plants. Software format: csv file.
Published: 2023

37. Ellenberg‐type indicator values for European vascular plant species

Author: Tichý, Lubomír, Axmanová, Irena, Dengler, Jürgen, Guarino, Riccardo, Jansen, Florian, Midolo, Gabriele, Nobis, Michael P., Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Aćić, Svetlana, Attorre, Fabio, Bergmeier, Erwin, Biurrun, Idoia, Bonari, Gianmaria, Bruelheide, Helge, Campos, Juan Antonio, Čarni, Andraž, Chiarucci, Alessandro, Ćuk, Mirjana, Ćušterevska, Renata, Didukh, Yakiv, Dítě, Daniel, Dítě, Zuzana, Dziuba, Tetiana, Fanelli, Giuliano, Fernández‐Pascual, Eduardo, Garbolino, Emmanuel, Gavilán, Rosario G., Gégout, Jean‐Claude, Graf, Ulrich, Güler, Behlül, Hájek, Michal, Hennekens, Stephan M., Jandt, Ute, Jašková, Anni, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, Julve, Philippe, Kambach, Stephan, Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, Karrer, Gerhard, Kavgacı, Ali, Knollová, Ilona, Kuzemko, Anna, Küzmič, Filip, Landucci, Flavia, Lengyel, Attila, Lenoir, Jonathan, Marcenò, Corrado, Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, Novák, Pavel, Pérez‐Haase, Aaron, Peterka, Tomáš, Pielech, Remigiusz, Pignatti, Alessandro, Rašomavičius, Valerijus, Rūsiņa, Solvita, Saatkamp, Arne, Šilc, Urban, Škvorc, Željko, Theurillat, Jean‐Paul, Wohlgemuth, Thomas, Chytrý, Milan, Tichý, Lubomír, Axmanová, Irena, Dengler, Jürgen, Guarino, Riccardo, Jansen, Florian, Midolo, Gabriele, Nobis, Michael P., Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Aćić, Svetlana, Attorre, Fabio, Bergmeier, Erwin, Biurrun, Idoia, Bonari, Gianmaria, Bruelheide, Helge, Campos, Juan Antonio, Čarni, Andraž, Chiarucci, Alessandro, Ćuk, Mirjana, Ćušterevska, Renata, Didukh, Yakiv, Dítě, Daniel, Dítě, Zuzana, Dziuba, Tetiana, Fanelli, Giuliano, Fernández‐Pascual, Eduardo, Garbolino, Emmanuel, Gavilán, Rosario G., Gégout, Jean‐Claude, Graf, Ulrich, Güler, Behlül, Hájek, Michal, Hennekens, Stephan M., Jandt, Ute, Jašková, Anni, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, Julve, Philippe, Kambach, Stephan, Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, Karrer, Gerhard, Kavgacı, Ali, Knollová, Ilona, Kuzemko, Anna, Küzmič, Filip, Landucci, Flavia, Lengyel, Attila, Lenoir, Jonathan, Marcenò, Corrado, Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, Novák, Pavel, Pérez‐Haase, Aaron, Peterka, Tomáš, Pielech, Remigiusz, Pignatti, Alessandro, Rašomavičius, Valerijus, Rūsiņa, Solvita, Saatkamp, Arne, Šilc, Urban, Škvorc, Željko, Theurillat, Jean‐Paul, Wohlgemuth, Thomas, and Chytrý, Milan
Abstract: Aims: Ellenberg-type indicator values are expert-based rankings of plant species according to their ecological optima on main environmental gradients. Here we extend the indicator-value system proposed by Heinz Ellenberg and co-authors for Central Europe by incorporating other systems of Ellenberg-type indicator values (i.e., those using scales compatible with Ellenberg values) developed for other European regions. Our aim is to create a harmonized data set of Ellenberg-type indicator values applicable at the European scale. Methods: We collected European data sets of indicator values for vascular plants and selected 13 data sets that used the nine-, ten- or twelve-degree scales defined by Ellenberg for light, temperature, moisture, reaction, nutrients and salinity. We compared these values with the original Ellenberg values and used those that showed consistent trends in regression slope and coefficient of determination. We calculated the average value for each combination of species and indicator values from these data sets. Based on species’ co-occurrences in European vegetation plots, we also calculated new values for species that were not assigned an indicator value. Results: We provide a new data set of Ellenberg-type indicator values for 8908 European vascular plant species (8168 for light, 7400 for temperature, 8030 for moisture, 7282 for reaction, 7193 for nutrients, and 7507 for salinity), of which 398 species have been newly assigned to at least one indicator value. Conclusions: The newly introduced indicator values are compatible with the original Ellenberg values. They can be used for large-scale studies of the European flora and vegetation or for gap-filling in regional data sets. The European indicator values and the original and taxonomically harmonized regional data sets of Ellenberg-type indicator values are available in the Supporting Information and the Zenodo repository.
Published: 2023

38. Elevational shift in seed plant distributions in China's mountains over the last 70 years

Author: Zu, Kuiling, primary, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Fang, Jingyun, additional, Tang, Zhiyao, additional, Shen, Zehao, additional, Ji, Chengjun, additional, Zheng, Chengyang, additional, Luo, Ao, additional, Song, Wenqi, additional, Zimmermann, Niklaus E., additional, Pellissier, Loïc, additional, and Wang, Zhiheng, additional
Published: 2023
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39. ForestClim—Bioclimatic variables for microclimate temperatures of European forests

Author: Haesen, Stef, primary, Lembrechts, Jonas J., additional, De Frenne, Pieter, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Aalto, Juha, additional, Ashcroft, Michael B., additional, Kopecký, Martin, additional, Luoto, Miska, additional, Maclean, Ilya, additional, Nijs, Ivan, additional, Niittynen, Pekka, additional, van den Hoogen, Johan, additional, Arriga, Nicola, additional, Brůna, Josef, additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Čiliak, Marek, additional, Collalti, Alessio, additional, De Lombaerde, Emiel, additional, Descombes, Patrice, additional, Gharun, Mana, additional, Goded, Ignacio, additional, Govaert, Sanne, additional, Greiser, Caroline, additional, Grelle, Achim, additional, Gruening, Carsten, additional, Hederová, Lucia, additional, Hylander, Kristoffer, additional, Kreyling, Jürgen, additional, Kruijt, Bart, additional, Macek, Martin, additional, Máliš, František, additional, Man, Matěj, additional, Manca, Giovanni, additional, Matula, Radim, additional, Meeussen, Camille, additional, Merinero, Sonia, additional, Minerbi, Stefano, additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Muffler, Lena, additional, Ogaya, Romà, additional, Penuelas, Josep, additional, Plichta, Roman, additional, Portillo‐Estrada, Miguel, additional, Schmeddes, Jonas, additional, Shekhar, Ankit, additional, Spicher, Fabien, additional, Ujházyová, Mariana, additional, Vangansbeke, Pieter, additional, Weigel, Robert, additional, Wild, Jan, additional, Zellweger, Florian, additional, and Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, additional
Published: 2023
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40. Climatic niche comparisons of eastern North American and eastern Asian disjunct plant genera

Author: Anthony E. Melton, Matthew H. Clinton, Donald N. Wasoff, Limin Lu, Haihua Hu, Zhiduan Chen, Keping Ma, Douglas E. Soltis, Pamela S. Soltis, and Jonathan Lenoir
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Published: 2022
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41. Elevational shift in seed plant distributions in China's mountains over the last 70 years

Author: Kuiling Zu, Jonathan Lenoir, Jingyun Fang, Zhiyao Tang, Zehao Shen, Chengjun Ji, Chengyang Zheng, Ao Luo, Wenqi Song, Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Loïc Pellissier, and Zhiheng Wang
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Published: 2023
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42. Traits of dominant plant species drive normalized difference vegetation index in grasslands globally

Author: Engel, Thore, primary, Bruelheide, Helge, additional, Hoss, Daniela, additional, Sabatini, Francesco M., additional, Altman, Jan, additional, Arfin‐Khan, Mohammed A. S., additional, Bergmeier, Erwin, additional, Černý, Tomáš, additional, Chytrý, Milan, additional, Dainese, Matteo, additional, Dengler, Jürgen, additional, Dolezal, Jiri, additional, Field, Richard, additional, Fischer, Felícia M., additional, Huygens, Dries, additional, Jandt, Ute, additional, Jansen, Florian, additional, Jentsch, Anke, additional, Karger, Dirk N., additional, Kattge, Jens, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Lens, Frederic, additional, Loos, Jaqueline, additional, Niinemets, Ülo, additional, Overbeck, Gerhard E., additional, Ozinga, Wim A., additional, Penuelas, Josep, additional, Peyre, Gwendolyn, additional, Phillips, Oliver, additional, Reich, Peter B., additional, Römermann, Christine, additional, Sandel, Brody, additional, Schmidt, Marco, additional, Schrodt, Franziska, additional, Velez‐Martin, Eduardo, additional, Violle, Cyrille, additional, and Pillar, Valério, additional
Published: 2023
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43. Resampling alpine herbarium records reveals changes in plant traits over space and time

Author: Jaroszynska, Francesca, primary, Rixen, Christian, additional, Woodin, Sarah, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, and Wipf, Sonja, additional
Published: 2023
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44. Slope and equilibrium: A parsimonious and flexible approach to model microclimate

Author: Gril, Eva, primary, Spicher, Fabien, additional, Greiser, Caroline, additional, Ashcroft, Michael B., additional, Pincebourde, Sylvain, additional, Durrieu, Sylvie, additional, Nicolas, Manuel, additional, Richard, Benoit, additional, Decocq, Guillaume, additional, Marrec, Ronan, additional, and Lenoir, Jonathan, additional
Published: 2023
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45. Ellenberg‐type indicator values for European vascular plant species

Author: Tichý, Lubomír, primary, Axmanová, Irena, additional, Dengler, Jürgen, additional, Guarino, Riccardo, additional, Jansen, Florian, additional, Midolo, Gabriele, additional, Nobis, Michael P., additional, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, additional, Aćić, Svetlana, additional, Attorre, Fabio, additional, Bergmeier, Erwin, additional, Biurrun, Idoia, additional, Bonari, Gianmaria, additional, Bruelheide, Helge, additional, Campos, Juan Antonio, additional, Čarni, Andraž, additional, Chiarucci, Alessandro, additional, Ćuk, Mirjana, additional, Ćušterevska, Renata, additional, Didukh, Yakiv, additional, Dítě, Daniel, additional, Dítě, Zuzana, additional, Dziuba, Tetiana, additional, Fanelli, Giuliano, additional, Fernández‐Pascual, Eduardo, additional, Garbolino, Emmanuel, additional, Gavilán, Rosario G., additional, Gégout, Jean‐Claude, additional, Graf, Ulrich, additional, Güler, Behlül, additional, Hájek, Michal, additional, Hennekens, Stephan M., additional, Jandt, Ute, additional, Jašková, Anni, additional, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, additional, Julve, Philippe, additional, Kambach, Stephan, additional, Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, additional, Karrer, Gerhard, additional, Kavgacı, Ali, additional, Knollová, Ilona, additional, Kuzemko, Anna, additional, Küzmič, Filip, additional, Landucci, Flavia, additional, Lengyel, Attila, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Marcenò, Corrado, additional, Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, additional, Novák, Pavel, additional, Pérez‐Haase, Aaron, additional, Peterka, Tomáš, additional, Pielech, Remigiusz, additional, Pignatti, Alessandro, additional, Rašomavičius, Valerijus, additional, Rūsiņa, Solvita, additional, Saatkamp, Arne, additional, Šilc, Urban, additional, Škvorc, Željko, additional, Theurillat, Jean‐Paul, additional, Wohlgemuth, Thomas, additional, and Chytrý, Milan, additional
Published: 2023
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46. Plant naturalizations are constrained by temperature but released by precipitation

Author: Henry Häkkinen, Dave Hodgson, Regan Early, and Jonathan Lenoir
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Published: 2021
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47. Long‐term trends in gastropod abundance and biodiversity: Disentangling effects of press versus pulse disturbances

Author: Jonathan Lenoir, Steven J. Presley, and Michael R. Willig
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Abundance (ecology), Pulse (signal processing), Biodiversity, Environmental science, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Term (time)
Published: 2021
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48. Impact of an invasive alien plant on litter decomposition along a latitudinal gradient

Author: Kenny Helsen, Stuart W. Smith, Jörg Brunet, Sara A. O. Cousins, Pieter De Frenne, Adam Kimberley, Annette Kolb, Jonathan Lenoir, Shiyu Ma, Jana Michaelis, Jan Plue, Kris Verheyen, James D. M. Speed, and Bente J. Graae
Subjects: ecosystem function, functional traits, Impatiens glandulifera, invasive alien species, latitudinal gradient, leaf dry matter content, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: Abstract Invasive alien plant effects on ecosystem functions are often difficult to predict across environmental gradients due to the context‐dependent interactions between the invader and the recipient communities. Adopting a functional trait‐based framework could provide more mechanistic predictions for invasive species' impacts. In this study, we contrast litter decomposition rates among communities with and without the invasive plant Impatiens glandulifera in five regions along a 1600 km long latitudinal gradient in Europe. Across this gradient, four functional traits, namely leaf dry matter content (LDMC), specific leaf area (SLA), stem‐specific density (SSD), and plant height, are correlated to rates of litter decomposition of standardized rooibos (labile), green tea (recalcitrant), and I. glandulifera litter. Our results show that both invaded and non‐invaded plant communities had a higher expression of acquisitive traits (low LDMC and SSD, high SLA) with increasing temperature along the latitudinal gradient, partly explaining the variation in decomposition rates along the gradient. At the same time, invasion shifted community trait composition toward more acquisitive traits across the latitudinal gradient. These trait changes partly explained the increased litter decomposition rates of the labile litter fraction of rooibos and I. glandulifera litter in invaded communities, a shift that was most evident in the warmer study regions. Plant available nitrogen was lower in invaded communities, likely due to high nutrient uptake by I. glandulifera. Meanwhile, the coldest study region was characterized by a reversed effect of invasion on decomposition rates. Here, community traits related to low litter quality and potential allelopathic effects of the invader resulted in reduced litter decomposition rates, suggesting a threshold temperature at which invader effects on litter decomposition turn positive. This study therefore illustrates how functional trait changes toward acquisitive traits can help explain invader‐induced changes in ecosystem functions such as increased litter decomposition.
Published: 2018
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49. Review for 'How to generate accurate continuous thermal regimes from sparse but regular temperature measurements'

Author: Jonathan Lenoir
Published: 2022
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50. Review for "How to generate accurate continuous thermal regimes from sparse but regular temperature measurements"

Author: Lenoir, Jonathan, primary
Published: 2022
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