1. Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) as a causal agent of disease in swine and a proposal of PCV-3 associated disease case definition
- Author
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Giovanni Franzo, Joaquim Segalés, Marina Sibila, Viviane Saporiti, Producció Animal, and Sanitat Animal
- Subjects
Circovirus ,Systemic disease ,Case definition ,Swine ,disease causality ,Disease ,case definition ,porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) ,reproductive disease ,systemic disease ,Reproductive disease ,complex mixtures ,Virus ,Medicine ,Animals ,Circoviridae Infections ,Pathogen ,Subclinical infection ,Swine Diseases ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,biology ,Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Causality ,Disease causality ,Porcine circovirus ,Novel virus ,Immunology ,Viruses ,business - Abstract
Altres ajuts: Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria RTA2017-00007-00-00 Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) was discovered in 2015 using next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods. Since then, the virus has been detected worldwide in pigs displaying several clinical-pathological outcomes as well as in healthy animals. The objective of this review is to critically discuss the evidence existing so far regarding PCV-3 as a swine pathogen. In fact, a significant number of publications claim PCV-3 as a disease causal infectious agent, but very few of them have shown strong evidence of such potential causality. The most convincing proofs of disease association are those that demonstrate a clinical picture linked to multisystemic lymphoplasmacytic to lymphohistiocytic perivascular inflammation and presence of viral nucleic acid within these lesions. Based on these evidence, individual case definitions for PCV-3-reproductive disease and PCV-3-systemic disease are proposed to standardize diagnostic criteria for PCV-3-associated diseases. However, the real frequency of these clinical-pathological conditions linked to the novel virus is unknown, and the most frequent outcome of PCV-3 infection is likely subclinical based on its worlwide distribution.
- Published
- 2021