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Aim:\ud To compare costs for three groups of people with type 2 diabetes, those at high risk of future cardiovascular disease, those without cardiovascular disease and those with established cardiovascular disease, and to also compare costs incurred by people with type 2 diabetes with an incident cardiovascular disease event with those who remain incident event‐free over a 3‐year period.\ud \ud Methods:\ud Data about people with type 2 diabetes in Scotland were obtained from the Scottish Care Information Diabetes registry. Data linkage was used to retrieve information on healthcare utilization, care home use and deaths. Productivity effects were estimated for those of non‐pensionable age. We estimated costs over 12 months (prevalent cardiovascular disease) and 3 years from incident cardiovascular disease event.\ud \ud Results:\ud Mean annual cost per person with established cardiovascular disease was £6900, £3300 for a person at high risk of future cardiovascular disease, and £2500 for a person without cardiovascular disease and not at high risk. In year 1, the cost of an incident cardiovascular disease event was £16 700 compared with £2100 for people without an incident event. Over 2 years, the cumulative costs were £21 500 and £4200, and by year 3, £25 000 and £5900, respectively.\ud \ud Conclusions:\ud Cardiovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes places a significant financial burden on healthcare and the wider economy. Our results emphasize the financial consequences of cardiovascular disease prevention strategies.

Aim:\ud \ud To describe trends in first ischaemic stroke incidence and case fatality in adults with and without a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes prior to their ischaemic stroke event in Scotland between 2004 and 2013.\ud Methods:\ud \ud Using population-wide hospital admission, death and diabetes datasets, we conducted a retrospective cohort study. Negative binomial and logistic regression models were used to calculate year-specific incidence and case-fatality rates for people with Type 2 diabetes and for people without diabetes.\ud Results:\ud \ud During 41.0 million person-years of follow-up there were 69 757 ischaemic stroke events. Type 2 diabetes prevalence among patients who experienced ischaemic stroke increased from 13.5% to 20.3% between 2004 and 2013. Stroke incidence rates declined by 2.7% (95% CI 2.4, 3.0) annually for people with and without diabetes [diabetes/year interaction: rate ratio 0.99 (95% CI 0.98, 1.01)]. Type 2 diabetes was associated with an increased risk of ischaemic stroke in men [rate ratio 1.23 (95% CI 1.17, 1.30)] and women [rate ratio 1.41 (95% CI 1.35, 1.48)]. Case-fatality rates were 14.2% and 12.7% in people with Type 2 diabetes and without diabetes, respectively. Case fatality declined by 3.5% (95% CI 2.7, 4.5) annually [diabetes/year interaction: odds ratio 1.01 (95% CI 0.98, 1.02)].\ud Conclusions:\ud \ud Ischaemic stroke incidence declined no faster in people with a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes than in people without diabetes. Increasing prevalence of Type 2 diabetes among stroke patients may mean that declines in case fatality over time will be less marked in the future.