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Abstract In the lung, communication between pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (PVEC) and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) is essential for the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. In pulmonary hypertension (PH), the derangement in their cell–cell communication plays a major role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular remodeling. In this study, we focused on the role of PVEC‐derived extracellular vesicles (EV), specifically their microRNA (miRNA, miR‐) cargo, in the regulation of PASMC proliferation and vascular remodeling in PH. We found that the amount of pro‐proliferative miR‐210‐3p was increased in PVEC‐derived EV in hypoxia (H‐EV), which contributes to the H‐EV‐induced proliferation of PASMC and the development of PH.

In the lung, communication between pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (PVEC) and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) is essential for the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. In pulmonary hypertension (PH), the derangement in their cell-cell communication plays a major role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular remodeling. In this study, we focused on the role of PVEC-derived extracellular vesicles (EV), specifically their microRNA (miRNA, miR-) cargo, in the regulation of PASMC proliferation and vascular remodeling in PH. We found that the amount of pro-proliferative miR-210-3p was increased in PVEC-derived EV in hypoxia (H-EV), which contributes to the H-EV-induced proliferation of PASMC and the development of PH., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no conflict of interests., (© 2021 The Authors. Pulmonary Circulation published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pulmonary Vascular Research Institute.)