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Being one of the foremost enticing and intriguing innovations, heterogeneous photocatalysis has also been used to effectively gather, transform, and conserve sustainable sun's radiation for the production of efficient and clean fossil energy as well as a wide range of ecological implications. The generation of solar fuel-based water splitting and CO 2 photoreduction is excellent for generating alternative resources and reducing global warming. Developing an inexpensive photocatalyst can effectively split water into hydrogen (H 2 ), oxygen (O 2 ) sources, and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) into fuel sources, which is a crucial problem in photocatalysis. The metal-free g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst has a high solar fuel generation potential. This review covers the most recent advancements in g-C 3 N 4 preparation, including innovative design concepts and new synthesis methods, and novel ideas for expanding the light absorption of pure g-C 3 N 4 for photocatalytic application. Similarly, the main issue concerning research and prospects in photocatalysts based g-C 3 N 4 was also discussed. The current dissertation provides an overview of comprehensive understanding of the exploitation of the extraordinary systemic and characteristics, as well as the fabrication processes and uses of g-C 3 N 4 ., (© 2022 The Chemical Society of Japan & Wiley-VCH GmbH.)